1/ The fall of German historical literacy, attitudes towards Russian/Soviet aggression & the war in Ukraine: Here is a short 🧵on diminishing German engagement w. past Russian/Soviet aggression, which seems a specifically German phenomenon, if ngram data is to be trusted
2/ Since the mid-2000s, there seems to have been a steep fall in engagement w. the darker side of the Russian past. This is also supported by falling engagement with 'Stalin' and the June 17, 1953 uprising.
3/ This is,however,not a phenomenon specific to engagement w. the darker side of the Russian past. It's also matched by steep falls of engagement w. German aggression in the 20th century.
BTW,worrying that there might be sthg. wrong w. the data,I ran tests using non-history terms
4/ The steep fall of engagement w. past German & Russian aggression does not appear to be chiefly a function of falling engagement w. history, as there are no matching post-2000 fluctuations in German engagement in late-18th c. & early 19th c. history
5/ And this appears to be a German phenomenon, as evident. e.g. in developments in Spanish-language literature.
6/ Similarly, in English-language literature, there has been no fall in the engagement with past German aggression.
7/ More significantly for the purpose of this 🧵, unlike in Germany, there has been no fall in English-language literature in its engagement with Stalin.
8/ Crucially, the same is true of engagement in English-language literature w. past Russian/Soviet aggression. So, the fall of engagement w. past Russian/Soviet aggression is a German phenomenon, which might well help to explain German myopia towards Putin's Russia.
9/ Of course, there a many reasons for German myopia towards Putin's Russia, but a falling unwillingness or interest to engage w. past aggression might well fit into the mix.
10/ This may help to explain why those of us who have invoked past Russian/Soviet aggression for years to warn against Putin were at best met with stony silence, as happened, e.g., to me when in 2013 when I made the case for deterrence in Berlin nzz.ch/international/…
11/ And I can assure you, invoking history in 2017, to make the case that arming Ukraine was the best way of keeping the peace was not a popular position.
End/ Nor was it to call out “a geopolitical pursuit of Russia’s national interest, marked by a disregard for human life and dignity.” washingtonpost.com/news/made-by-h…
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1/ „Wir haben uns aufgrund dieser Krise zusammengefunden“ (Johanna Findeisen, 2020)
Yesterday’s arrest of Findeisen, Prince Heinrich XIII‘s Russia liaison, is a reminder that it is a mistake to refer to Heinrich‘s plot as a ‚Reichsbürger‘ Plot. Doing to … spiegel.de/politik/reichs…
2/… Doing so inadvertently turns the plot into a colourful,exotic and ultimately insignificant endeavour. Their self-designation is ‚Patriotische Union‘ (Patriotic Union) and they believe, not unreasonably so,to bring different protest movements together. amp.cnn.com/cnn/2022/12/16…
3/ What unites them,as I argued in an op-ed for CNN last year, & as confirmed by yesterday’s arrest,is to be living in a world of existential crisis, a crisis that governments and elites are incapable of solving and that require immediate collective action amp.cnn.com/cnn/2022/12/16…
As Putin radicalised,he started to refer to specific Tsars more frequently &crucially references to Alexander I,Alexander III &Ivan the Terrible increased.
Betw. 1999&2008, 23 % of references were to the three men;the figure for 2014-2021 is 41 %.
From @nielsdrost's dissertation.
"The presidency of Medvedev has been a turning point in the instrumentalization of history.From the war w Georgia(2008)onwards,imperial history starts to be seriously used as a validation tool for foreign&domestic Russian policy" - another takeaway from @nielsdrost's dissertation
"Putin begins to express this idea of a united identity – in which Russians, Ukrainians, as well as Belarusians constitute one single people – in 2013, and its roots can be traced back to 2001."
1/ The thwarted alleged plot to overthrow the German gov't has echoes of the Hitler Putsch & of 'Aufbau'
It centres around
a) the fmr head of the dynasty once ruling 1 of the German Reich's states,
b) a paratrooper, 2278th in line to succeed King Charles III,&
c) a AfD politician
2/ Just as in the case of 'Aufbau',the alleged Reichsbürger coup was planned by an underground network of high aristocrats & rightwing extremists &it was predicated on the dream of a new Russian-German nationalist & antisemitism alliance.
Cf this section from'Becoming Hitler'
3/ Just as in the case of the Hitler Putsch, the hope behind the alleged Reichsbürger Putsch was that after a successful coup, the armed forces & public opinion wd rally behind the coup.
BTW, a friend of the grandfather of the leader of the alleged putsch was Hermann Göring.
1/ 'Swing Tanzen Verboten' - Conventional wisdom has it that it is an urban myth that posters were put up in public venues in Nazi Germany announcing a prohibition of Swing dancing.
Well, in this case, conventional wisdom got things wrong:
2/ In fact, several Gaue (districts) issued prohibitions for people to dance Swing:
1/ Normally I resist Hitler comparisons w. modern leaders, as they tend to be facile, & I think that Putin is best understood through the lens of 18th&19th c. Russia. Yet his annexation speech follows the same structure & uses the same justifications as Hitler’s 1920s speeches…
2/ As Hitler did in the 1920s, Putin’s speech is quasi-millennial & quasi-post-colonial in character, laying out the reasons for the current mysery - Anglo-Saxon deception - & laying out a way of how the world can be restored & how sovereignty & a life in liberty can be restored
Like Hitler, Putin runs through European history of the last several hundred years to reveal purport patterns of Anglosaxon and Western deception, aimed at revealing the ‘real’ pattern of Western behaviour
1/5 Scott Appleby’s #IFSB2022
'Religion & conflict' keynote: “Violent religious extremists &
nonviolent religiously inspired peacemakers & agents of healing &
reconciliation often hail not merely from the same religious tradition but
sometimes from within the same rel. ecosystem”
2/ Following Scott Appleby’s intriguing keynote, our @aberdeenuni@CASSIS_Bonn@KeoughGlobalND panel saw intriguing discussions of human agency in conflict & repair from conflict that is motivated, inspired, & guided by religion; & of
self-sacrificial redemptive militance, …
3/ & our #ISFB2022 panel
witnessed a moving intervention by Ukrainian Consul General Iryna Shum on the role of religion in the war in her country, as well as discussions of Putin’s Mount Athos speech & commitment to ‘Holy Russia’ ...