Blockchain is still in its infancy and stuck transactions can be a frustrating experience. There’s got to be a solution, right?
Lessgooo👇2⃣2⃣
Relayer it is💯
As the name suggests, it takes individual orders and organizes them into an order book to simulate the experience of an exchange without actually being one.
Send your meta transactions, the relayer takes care of the rest!
What is a meta txn?🤔🤔
Meta txn = standad txn (from, to value, sign etc) except instead of sending it directly to a blockchain, its sent to a third party which takes care of the gas
1⃣The third party builds a new txn containing the meta-transaction and sends it to a smart contract proxy
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2⃣ It then checks the validity of the meta-transaction (using sign) before executing it.
P.S. Relayer is the third party here. it’s like hosting an off-chain orderbook.
0x is an example of a popular Ethereum relayer protocol.
You might wonder: if the application can relay the transactions by itself for its users, when and why do we need a relayer?
It improves the transaction outcome in the blockchain & also facilitates implementation of gasless transactions.
Ex
If you want to send 3 txns, you’ve to..
..wait till the first 2 txns are processed. Now, the no. of pending transactions for an account is limited by the node.(64 in case of Geth). In case of say 3 accounts it can upto 192. Beyond this limit, the node can arbitrarily delete transactions from its queue.🤯
To overcome these limitations, a relayer can dispatch its meta-txns & send them from multiple accts
More so, when a txn is stuck on one of the accounts, the relayer can displace it to one of the two remaining accounts and thus keep sending its transactions
How to implement?🤔
Checkout opengsn.org to know more on how to implement relayers!
Ethereum, the most popular blockchain, has seen scaling issues for quite a long time now, with high gas fees due to congestion being the primary pain point. With the increasing cost to use the network, a plethora of scaling solutions have emerged.
Rollups is one of them🥁
Rollups is an infrastructural layer 2 scaling solution for the Ethereum network. Rollups settle the transactions outside of the main Ethereum network but post the transaction data back to the Ethereum network and still derive its security from the Ethereum protocol.
📌The txn is executed off the chain on a rollup specific chain
📌Next, the batched transaction data is compressed, and sent to the main Etheruem chain
👉 this reduces the load on the main Ethereum network freeing up the computational power on layer.
There are different ways of approaching this problem from a technical pt of view
📌Zero Knowledge(ZK) & optimistic rollups
Rollup not only help in reducing the fees but also enable redeployment of all the existing Ethereum smart contracts to a rollup with little or no change💯
Where there’s money, scams follow👀
Rug pull is a crypto-token based scam
Let’s scratch the surface!
In rug-pulls, the creators of the token create hype, through injecting liquidity into their token, airdropping, and other schemes, and once investors pile in and boost the price..
..of the token to a certain point, the creators pull as much value out of their share of the tokens,
leaving their investors with close to nothing.
It’s a DeFi exploit and seemingly common.😬😬
There are different types of rug pulls, some illegal and some unethical. Also there are several clear signs that investors can watch out for, to protect themselves from rug pulls.
Let me know, if you’d like to learn more on them.🚀🚀
Thats a wrap for Day 18!
I’ll be sharing information on the new vocabulary of the web for next 30 days.🚀
It’s like a free crash course on the terms and methodolgies in Web3.
Whether its a brand fight b/w Pepsi & Coca Cola or Nike launching a new shoe collection, brands spend millions of $$ on marketing to win the battle. For brands to hold a prominent position in the eyes of their targeted audience, strategising is vital
Let me ask you question👇👇
How much does an Umbrella cost?
10$ - 12$ maybe
What's the function of an umbrella?
📌To Keep you dry when its raining
There’s a brand called Pasotti, whos’ umbrellas cost anywhere between 250$ - 800$
Obviously a more sturdy, luxurious umbrella, even opening it sounds good💯
But, why would someone pay 500$ for an umbrella when the function is the same?🤔
When people are buying quality, they’re expecting something different. They take better care of it, and since they take better care of it, it lasts longer.
Its finally day 26 of #web3glossary🚀
And with this, series has come to an end
Z: zk Rollups
By learning you'll teach and by teaching you’ll learn. Sharing on web3 terms & jargons for the last 1 month was a great learning experience for me and I hope for you too
Let's get to the thread now?
Having to spend $20 or more in gas fees for a single txn is not ideal if you want to complete a DeFi trade
If you've been hearing zk or zero knowledge, you're not alone. It's the next big thing in web3
With an increase in the number of Dapps, ...
there’s a need for faster processing speeds & cheaper txns.
That’s when layer 2 solutions came in.
Zk rollups are also a layer 2 scaling solution that increases throughput on Ethereum Mainnet by moving computation & state-storage off-chain
Decentralized networks can only provide 2 out of 3 benefits at any given time in terms of decentralization, security, & scalability Blockchain Trilemma
Let’s look at modular blockchains which aim at solving for scalability & flexibility
We’ll be comparing different modular blockchains today, but first
What’s modular blockchain?🧐
In monolithic blockchains such as bitcoin,Ethereum all the nodes & validators of the network are required to execute the same txns & do consensus on the chain
Modular blockchain..
..focuses on handling a select few duties (consensus, execution, Data availability & settlement) & outsourcing the rest to one or more separate layers
It’s just like separating a system into distinct components that can be combined in various ways to achieve specific objectives
Consensus mechanisms ensure that all the txns on the network are genuine & all participants agree on a consensus on the status of the ledger. PoS and PoW are the most commonly known.
Today we look at PoA, PoB, PoC and PoH
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Need some background on consensus algos? Check out this thread on PoS vs PoW
Both PoS and PoW have their fair share of pros and cons, let's look at how other cosensus algos differ
PoA: Proof of Activity (not authority)
To verify participants blocks, it combines its tokens to allow both mining and staking. The blocks themselves do not contain transactions
W: WWW,Wrapped token,wei
Do you remember the first time you heard about Blockchain? Maybe you took it as a new technology that would change everything. Maybe you just wondered if you should start investing in crypto.
Maybe...
👀👇
..you were just getting your head around the concept of a decentralized web
The truth is web3 is indeed the decentralized internet of the future🚀
#web3glossary was started as a series of twitter threads to help people understand this space better and clear the air around...
.. the terms & jargons we hear around. We are almost at the end of the series and I would like to hear from you what value you gained from it and what more would you like to see😃
Until then, let’s get to today’s thread
Let’s go back to where it all started- the world wide web👇
Validators of blockchain technology aren't only its sower but its rewards reaper too. Let's get to the depth of it🧐
But first, here's some humor to start with
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What are crypto validators and how do they work?
Crypto validators = Payment processors of the decentralized networks.
Technically, a crypto validator is a participant in a blockchain responsible for verifying txns.
After verifying the legitimacy of the txn, the validator adds..
..it to the distributed ledger.
Seems like the job of a blockchain validator is not that difficult!
You receive some data, check its accuracy, and validate it or not.
However, on a distributed ledger, it's easier said than done👀👀