Andrew Levi Profile picture
Aug 14, 2022 28 tweets 7 min read Read on X
The Road to British Serfdom

“The Road to Serfdom” is a foundational text for “libertarians”.

Influential UK politicians seek radical deregulation & privatisation, & truncation of citizens’ rights.

They’re attempting a Hayek Brexit.

That’s a constitutional hijack.

A 🧵/1. Image
The ideas, & many of the people & institutions, have been around for decades.

Significant financial backing comes from a narrow, wealthy, ideological (not to exclude selfish) milieu.

The foot soldiers are journalists, politicians, “think tankers”👇 /2.

theguardian.com/politics/2019/…
As the Conservative govt was on the cusp of power, the “Tax Payers’ Alliance”
(as much a freely associating group of citizens interested in tax as “The Godfather” is a religious work about Jehovah), for example, published this, about “charter cities”👇/3.

taxpayersalliance.com/charter_cities…
“Libertarian” think-tankery on whether to “pull down the shutters” on “the north” (“have you ever been to Hull?” they ask), then proposing quasi-privatised “charter city” status as the saviour, might seem barely worth attention.

It isn’t happening here.

It couldn’t.

Right? /4.
But the “charter cities” they refer to are real.

The term covers a broad spectrum of city governance models, ranging from constitutionally sound & (at least potentially) socially beneficial, to grimly dystopian.

Useful background here … 👇/5.

blog.politics.ox.ac.uk/is-the-charter…
… & here👇

So what’s going on in the UK? /6.

verfassungsblog.de/the-danger-zon…
The key phenomenon isn’t the “charter city” as such.

It’s policy intent & action in the UK & internationally, on:

▫️dismissal of human & social rights
▫️radical deregulation & privatisation of the public realm
▫️attacks on the foundations of governance & the constitution /7.
In the UK, for relevant politicians & their backers the EU presented two big obstacles:

▫️a regulatory regime supportive (contrary to “Lexiter” folklore, recently repeated by the RMT’s Mick Lynch) of social democratic forms of governance
▫️a requirement to adhere to the ECHR /8.
There’s no question, for anyone who has observed the people concerned - now heavily represented in the Conservative party & cabinet - over decades, & since the 2016 referendum, that for them, alongside personal ambition, removing those obstacles is what Brexit has been about./9.
We’ve heard of hard Brexit, soft Brexit, EEA Brexit, BRINO & many variations on the theme.

What we’re seeing is the attempt at a Hayek Brexit.

A road to 21st century serfdom.

For all but a tiny minority of the wealthiest & most powerful, & a penumbra of loyal courtiers. /10.
The attention the government has given to “free ports” - a failed policy under Michael Heseltine in the 1980s (he called them “enterprise zones”), failed again under George Osborne in the 2010s, more recently resurrected under Rishi Sunak & Co. - sends troubling signals. /11.
Govt literature suggests they’re to be “sandboxes” for experimenting with deregulation & alternative governance.

Still, if we look, say, at the Plymouth & South Devon Freeport plan, & past the hyperbole, it’s mostly straightforward sounding stuff👇 /12.

plymouth.gov.uk/sites/default/…
Image
The reason “free ports” failed before & would most likely do so again is they divert economic activity & jobs from elsewhere, rather than create a net benefit for the country as a whole.

There’s nothing special in the current proposals to suggest a likely different outcome. /13.
But might the “free ports” stealthily be turned into deregulated, privatised “charter cities”, “sandboxes” for radical removal of regulations, rights & the role of government across the UK? /14.
The question is perhaps misplaced.

For a Hayek Brexitist government & its backers, no “sandbox” stage is necessarily required before applying the approach to the UK as a whole. /15.
The 2019 Conservative manifesto sets “supporting excellent business practice” against “protecting workers, consumers & the environment”, saying there has to be a “balance” between them. A bizarre, troubling juxtaposition. /16.
The current AG says the UK should leave the ECHR.

The two candidates for PM attack it & “lefty lawyers”, while vying to bin thousands of regulatory statutes in “100 days” or “by the end of 2023” - take your pick - & threatening to rip up the treaty they agreed with the EU. /17.
These, & many other examples illustrating the intent of those at the top of the UK’s political hierarchy, are very recent.

They’re consistent with a decades-long approach, described above & visible, for example, in “Britannia Unchained”, co-authored by Liz Truss in 2012. /18. Image
And of course there’s reams of this stuff, over many years & still going strong, from the “think tanks” around which the politicians, outriders & backers concerned have flocked. Whether “Tax Payers’ Alliance”, “Institute of Economic Affairs”, “Heritage Foundation” or others./19.
That there’s well-funded, long-term & current intent to implement such an agenda in the UK & elsewhere isn’t up for debate. That might not matter if the opportunity were lacking. But, in the UK, it’s clearly there.

The Hayek Brexitists are in charge. The country’s in crisis./20.
Against that background, it’s hardly surprising that the UK “free ports” programme - which, apart from its scale, might seem run of the mill if misguided - frightens some.

“Look at Honduras”, they say.

Indeed 👇/21.

aljazeera.com/news/2022/5/13…
The retort, from others, that it’s alarmism from cranks is in danger - particularly after all we’ve experienced in the UK over the last six years - of evoking painful echoes of Sir Humphrey’s infamous “four point plan” 👇/22.
Whatever Hayek would’ve thought - he was far subtler, more erudite & interesting than the grotesques who caricature his ideas in our contemporary discourse - a Hayek Brexit (no, Brexit never was “done”) is a real & present danger to the UK’s security, prosperity & well-being./23.
Let’s not get hung up on precisely which of 57 varieties of “charter city”, “free port”, “Singapore-on-Thames” or other “libertarian” dystopia we are or aren’t talking about. Or whether “Brexit” was or wasn’t “all about” this or that. (Or who is or isn’t flaky or annoying). /24.
For the UK, & not least for “free ports”, “low-regulation zones” & the like, we should at least agree extreme vigilance is now required on:

🔺regulatory protections
🔺human rights
🔺democratic governance
🔺constitutional integrity
🔺corruption prevention

I hope we do. /25. End
P.S. This 🧵 is neither an endorsement nor rejection by me (who would care?) of anyone else’s take on what’s going on, whether the wider issues addressed in it, or the “free ports”/ “low regulation zones”/ “charter city” aspects.

As always, I look forward to reading other views.
P.P.S. Always important to note (see tweet 8) that the Good Friday Agreement, combined with the text of the ECHR itself, requires the whole UK of GB & NI to remain in the ECHR. That’s a serious obstacle for the Hayek Brexitists. They’re trying very hard to circumvent it.
Article developed from the above 🧵⬆️

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More from @AndrewPRLevi

Mar 5
Letter to America

Dear Americans - friends, family, all,

I’m writing from the east Atlantic coast.

If the US is anything other than fully committed, at great scale and in the pre-eminent leadership role, in NATO, Europe, the US and the world face disaster.

Bookmark that. /1.
More importantly, stop this madness.

There isn’t a way out of this, any more than there is a way of avoiding gravity on the surface of the Earth.

Cutting down US military presence in Europe has been a huge mistake. Successive US administrations are guilty. /2.
That needs to be reversed. It’s a large part of the reason for the mess we’re in. Globally, as well as in Europe.

Waiting a couple of years into a world war before committing to do anything about it is a stupendously bad idea, and grotesquely costly in lives and treasure. /3.
Read 29 tweets
Sep 26, 2024
Donald Trump saying “Ukraine is finished” once again, starkly, highlights the question of what the world’s first & only (with the possible exception of Britain), & still remaining, hyper power would do geopolitically under his leadership.

But it isn’t just about Trump.

A 🧵/1.
I’ll be unashamedly Eurocentric.

There’s a broader & deeper story, of course. But Europe is a vital part of it.

The decision the USA has to make, as it did in the 1940s, & repeatedly at intervals after that, is whether it cares about Europe, & if so how much of it, & why. /2.
Does that include all of western Europe? Does it extend to central Europe? And eastern Europe? If so, should Ukraine be part of what the USA cares about (in the 40s that didn’t really play a role, given Ukraine’s status within the USSR)? And if so, how much of Ukraine? /3.
Read 17 tweets
Aug 23, 2024
.@timleunig in @FT is right about Brexit.

But it’s far worse.

Brexit ripped us out of our $19 trillion GDP domestic market & reduced us to one a 6th of it, thumped our economy, fractured the UK, threw our governance into chaos, & generated perilous geopolitical effects.

A🧵/1.
The EU (& the EEC/EC before it) has never been, was never intended to be, & was never claimed to be just another “trading partner”, however large.

Suggestions it was, or was claimed to be, are Brexiter mythology - sometimes cynically deliberate, sometimes plain ignorant. /2.
The EU is a common regulatory zone (the EU Single Market) & a common customs zone (the EU Customs Union).

It’s a continental scale domestic market - a massive economy similar in size to the USA - for everyone in it. /3.
Read 18 tweets
Aug 21, 2024
UK Government Debt - Wealth Beyond Imagination

Today’s headlines are again stoking debt panic.

We need to get a grip.

Strangling the economy to “balance the books” is as economically literate as burning down a factory to save on heating bills.

We need government debt.

A🧵/1. Image
💰in the 150 years to 1880 UK government debt rose over 10x, beyond $120B (it peaked around $150B c.1830 to 1850) [constant 2011 $)]

💰in the next 50-ish years, to the 1930s, it multiplied a further 5x to around $600B, (it was around $100B in the early 20th century) /2. Image
💰it was at a similar, $500B plus, level in the late 1960s, but with a peak of over $1,300B in 1947

💰in the 1970s, 80s & 90s it was around the $500B to $400B mark

💰by 2000 it was approaching $750B, by 2010 over double that, & in 2020 $2,800B

[Reminder: constant 2011 $] /3. Image
Read 20 tweets
Aug 11, 2024
Nice @prestonjbyrne.

Tendentious.

And (if you mean it seriously) wildly naive about what actually takes place, legally (although you’d say “in my opinion this is unconstitutional”: good luck!) in the USA.

Still, if we just look at England/UK: yes, there are many concerns. /1.
I never said or, I hope, implied (to a fair, reasonable reader) that there weren’t.

For example (not the subject of my already long 🧵which focused on the way criminal incitement & freedom of expression relate) I personally deeply dislike revocation of citizenship. /2.
But you know that’s a thing in the USA as well, including for natural born citizens.

Involuntary self-revocation (in the guise of “voluntary relinquishment”) of citizenship sounds about as Kafkaesque as it gets.

But there it is, lurking malignantly in the Land of the Free. /3.
Read 14 tweets
Aug 10, 2024
Twitter’s full of people trumpeting near zero understanding of English law or of the convictions in respect of the violence of the last 10 days or so.

Nor does the US 1st Amendment mean what many (often Americans) seem to think.

Frustrated? Maybe this will be some use.

A🧵/1.
“Incitement” was an offence under English common law pretty much forever.

In 2008 the Serious Crime Act 2007 replaced common law “incitement” with statutory offences of encouraging or assisting crime.

Incitement in respect of specific statutory offences remains. /2.
“Assisting” means roughly what you probably think it does. But, for clarity, it doesn’t require direct presence at the scene of the crime being “assisted”, or actions which are themselves part of that crime: if they assist the commission of it, that’s a criminal act itself. /3.
Read 44 tweets

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