See a declassified CIA report about the purchases for one single Soviet plant - KAMAZ truck producer. They aimed to buy the most modern Western equipment: from the foundries to the IBM computers. When the US imposed sanctions for Afghanistan invasion, they bought them in Europe 
https://twitter.com/mehmetao/status/1565771887073968131
Well, the US embargo did pose *some* disruptive effect. But not for long: Soviets bypassed it through the Western Europe or Japan. The US could impose sanctions, yes. But their ability to enforce their allies to comply with them has been always very limited
TL;DR Soviet economic autarky is just as BS as North Korean autarky. Neither was or is able to produce anything complicated including the complex weaponry without the massive technological assistance from the West
PPS I would argue that the level of Chinese self-sufficiency is also hugely exaggerated
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