This is a thread about the Jewels worn by Queen Elizabeth II. They include the crown Jewels.
The queen owned 23,000 jewels of which more than 19,000 originate from India.
Thread
Some context before we explore: The English royalty has world's greatest collection of Royal Jewelry.
Their clothes, costumes, ceremonial & coronational objects are adorned with a rich set of Jewels. The English Kings and Queens had a great fascination for Diamonds in particular
However, there was a problem. Diamonds were not naturally available in England.
Until 1725, all of world's diamonds came only from one country: India.
India was the only natural home of diamonds. India's proverbial riches were famed and desired throughout the world
The Indian diamonds were coveted by the British Royals and their merchants
These riches were one of the primary Inducements for the establishment of East India Company. After the conquest and colonisation of India, the diamonds & gems increased multifold in the royal collection.
The Kohinoor is the most expensive diamond in the world. The diamond originally belonged to a Hindu temple.
An object of British loot, It was forcibly seized from an 11 year old child Duleep Singh in a treaty after defeating him in war
The diamond adorns the English crown today
The Delhi Durbar Tiara was designed in 1911 for Queen Mary for a massive celebration held in Delhi to mark the coronation of her husband King George V. It hosts precious Indian & African diamonds acquired through colonialism
It is now worn by Queen Elizabeth II's daughter in law
The sovereign's orb has been used during coronation ceremony of every English Monarch since 1661
After British victory in Battle Of Plassey(1757) & from the Indian riches acquired, it was adorned with diamonds
Today, it is set of pearls, emeralds, 365 diamonds and one Amethyst.
1947. The British put Nizam and his personal possessions under tremendous political pressure and danger.
To curry favor with them, he "gifted" a 300 diamond studded necklace to Queen Elizabeth II. Most of these precious diamonds came from Kollur mine of Andhra Pradesh.
"Gifts" were often a means of colonialist loot induced by exerting tremendous political and military pressure.
The Nizam of Hyderabad also "gifted" Queen Elizabeth (then princess) a tiara studded with expensive diamonds. He was under tremendous political and military pressure.
The British conquest of Bengal was soon followed by Bengal famine of 1770.
This famine kiIIed an estimated 10 million people( almost 1/3rd of the population of presidency).
During the same time, around 1200 diamonds and gems were added to the Royal Jewelry.
In 1876, Southern India was hit by a huge famine. According to Digby, over 10.3 million people were killed. Just when famine occurred, Lord Lytton shipped to England 6.4 million tons of Wheat from India.
Just then, the Queen Victoria gave herself the title "empress of India"
Even as India was suffering from deadly famine of 1876, the royal family continued to acquire diamonds
In the famine year, Queen Victoria presented to her granddaughter a diamond pendant called the English Rose. This was one of world's most expensive diamond pendants of its time
Picture: Famine stricken people of India. 1876-78. Bangalore.
Even as millions of Indians were dying for want of food, the British viceroy continued shipping food products from India to England The Royal family continued acquiring diamonds. This was the reality of British rule
• • •
Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to
force a refresh
This thread explores how "Santa Claus" as we know him today was largely a creation of American commercial markets.
Most of today's "Christmas festivities" were created by western consumer markets of 19th & 20th centuries.
Thread🧵
Christians claim that Santa Claus is none other than a historical Christian Saint named Saint Nicholas.
But here is a small issue. Neither Saint Nicholas nor Santa Claus had absolutely ANYTHING to do with Christmas!
He was ARTIFICIALLY inserted into Christmas in 19th century!
Today, Santa is everywhere. He is on
Stickers. Cakes. You name it.
He is shown as a warm, happy character with rosy
cheeks twinkling eyes and laughter lines who sends
gifts to Children.
This is a modern creation. Here is how real Santa
Claus was depicted in historical paintings
In this thread, I will debunk the MYTH that bursting firecrackers is a new innovation that was recently introduced into dīpāvali festivities.
It will be shown that bursting firecrackers has always been intergral and central part of dīpāvali .
[Thread]
At the very core of this entire MYTH is the presumption that Gunpowder (cf. fireworks) was invented in China in 9th century and brought to India by Muslim rulers.
This THREAD debunks this widespread MYTH and throws light on the unknown/hidden history of dīpāvali & gunpowder.
Indeed, so widespread is this myth that gunpowder is popularly known as one of “ the "Four Great Inventions" of China”.
However, this myth starts falling apart when we examine Chinese sources themselves for the origin of Gunpowder.
A Persian Tyrant, Mahmud Gawan became Bahmani Prime minister. He urged the king to kiII Brahmins as an act of piety.He built this Madrasa after destroying temple.
The local Hindus never stopped their tradition of performing Puja every year.
The Mahmud Gawan Madrasa is a majestic structure built in the Indo-Islamic architectural style of Deccan.
It was also on the tentative list of UNESCO world heritage sites.
However, it has a very bloody history. More on this below.
Despite their self-proclaimed claims of Persian origins,the Bahmanis were local Hindu converts.Their founder Hasan Gangu had possible Hindu background.
Hence,they carried forth many beliefs of their former religion.
The Bahmanis would not kiII (civilian non-combatant) Brahmins.
The only instance of Shiva Bhakti shown by Ravana in Valmiki Ramayana comes from Uttarakanda which is regarded by many Ramayana scholars/Indologists &some believing Hindus as interpolation.
Although this confirms my point,I am principally not in favor of interpolation arguments
My point is even with 7.31 taken into consideration,it simply doesn't change anything & doesn't show his "Shivabhakti" as anything other than opportunist.
Funnily,you quote 7.16 as an instance of his Shivabhakti.
It is here that he tries to destroy Kailasha & Shiva seated on it