Kicking off the conference: Larry Noble on Breastfeeding, Microbiome and Epigenetics #ABM2022
Breastfeeding occurs in the 1,000 Days, a critical window that impacts lifelong health ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P… #ABM2022 
This early critical window impacts lifelong development of the microbiome ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P… #ABM2022
Cesarean birth changes the microbiome - and #breastfeeding restores it... ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
Meta-analysis: exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months alters the microbiome #ABM2022 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
Timing of complementary feeding and breastfeeding interact to affect microbiome & risk of childhood obesity - supports recommendation to defer complementary feeding until 6 months ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P… #ABM2022
Human milk protects the infant gut by reducing permeability - study in preterm infants #ABM2022 Mother's milk is medicine! ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
Evidence from longitudinal study of preterm infants: changes in microbiome preceed development of NEC - illustrates causal importance of microbiome in health #ABM2022 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
Moving on to epigenetics... evidence from Dutch Famine demonstrated that exposure during pregnancy impacts outcomes across generations... #ABM2022
Epigenetic modifications include DNA methylation and histone modification... these modifications can be inherited for 5+ generations in animal studies... #ABM2022
Breastmilk contains 1.3 x 10^7 copies of miRNA per day, backed in exosomes for delivery to the child... #ABM2022 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35740242/
Infant feeding is associated with difference DNA methylation at 10 years of age... #ABM2022 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
Infant feeding associated with methylation of LEP, which regulates leptin and weight trajectory.. #ABM2022 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
What about glucocorticoid receptors? At 5 months of age, breastfeeding intensity is associated with differences in glucocorticoid receptor methylation... ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P… #ABM2022
Larry Noble's take away from a whirlwind tour of microbiome & epigenetics: "I hope I've convinced you that breastfeeding is important" ! #ABM2022
Q: What about confounding by nutrition? A: We can't do an RCT, so we control for these factors as best we can... #ABM2022
Q: How do we share this information w/o inducing guilt & shame? A: Today we are sharing the science... when talking w/ the individual mom, we have to focus on her needs and support her decision #ABM2022
Q: How do probiotics in formula affect the microbiome? A: It doesn't. [My take-away: It's about marketing, not the microbiome... ] #ABM2022
Phew!!! I think I got about 1/3 of the references into Twitter - feels like drinking from a breast w/ overactive let down! 🤣🤣🤣
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