We spent months digging through a 700 gigabyte cache from within Russia's de facto internet intel agency Roskomnadzor.

It gave us one of the most complete pictures yet of Putin's efforts to control the internet. It is at turns farcical and terrifying.
nytimes.com/interactive/20…
As Russia's invasion of Ukraine proceeded, local officials in Bashkortostan, a republic east of Moscow where the files are from, noted down in detail online discontent and protests. They tallied views, likes, specific criticism of Putin, and updated dossiers of worst offenders.
The attention to detail from one small team in one tiny part of Russia is startling. They chronicle anti-war walks and complaints about inflation. At times the reports sound like weather forecasts. “Calm with separate minor pockets of tension,” one said after a dissident arrest.
They worked closely w/ security forces. Charts mapped how often they should report back to KGB successor, the FSB. In an older letter to FSB they worried Navalny's supporters were uniting "various small oppositional regional communities into a ‘united front.’” Part of the letter:
Yet there was also a doofus element to their work. In China much of this is part automated. In Russia, much was done by hand. Elaborate flow charts mapped the social media accounts of key figures and media sites, describing them as oppositional, neutral or pro government.
The censors emerge as bureaucrats dutifully doing a grinding job. Often they took screen caps of their own screens with the clock open on the bottom left to show when they had identified a particular criticism or curse word.
Other times they recorded their screen to report back videos. Some were clips of gangs or police bribery. Others were more mundane. This is of a young rapper who went viral. Bashkortostan is a center for Russian rap. Watch the censor's mouse below, sound on for a ripping rap.
The censors are the security state middle class of Russia. As they monitored dissidents and helped with arrests they also joked around. Here's a goofy video they filmed, where they joke about accidentally blocking the Kremlin website.
The video, made for women's day, is special. At one point the lawyers get too drunk to work and ask a judge to win the case for them, offering a bribe of alcohol and chocolate. In another they send porn off to hq accidentally. One source we showed it to joked some had "FSB faces"
Yet even as they recorded these, they were the tip of the online spear for a security state busy crushing any resistance to Russia's invasion of Ukraine. When a one-woman anti-war protest appeared, they collected records. The woman was arrested, given a drug test, and fined.
The system is sweeping into action now to crush opposition to Russia's mobilization. Powered as much by determination as sophistication, it shows old-fashioned bureaucracy, mixed with brutality, can be a powerful autocratic weapon, even in the digital age. nytimes.com/interactive/20…

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More from @paulmozur

Jun 26
Awash in a sea of data, China authorities are trying to police the future.

It's not sci fi. Using vast data records on citizens, new software uses scoring and AI to predict crime and protest before they happen. Often the result is automated prejudice. nytimes.com/2022/06/25/tec…
It works like this: Police make blacklists of people they believe are suspicious: drug users, protesters, the mentally ill. Then they aim the surveillance system at those groups, collecting huge amounts of data on activity, location, relationships: nytimes.com/video/world/as…
Specialized software helps them program digital tripwires on predetermined behaviors they believe could signal a crime. If someone goes to a train station daily, but doesn't ride, they might be a pickpocket. An alarm instructs police to check on them. No warrant necessary.
Read 14 tweets
Jun 21
China is building a new modern marvel. It's not a dam or a high speed rail, it's the most sophisticated domestic surveillance system in the world.

The scale of data collection is staggering. No biometric frontier is neglected. This is how it works: nytimes.com/video/world/as…
Our video is based on 1000s of government bidding documents. There are many takeaways, I'll run through a few. The first, is just how meticulous police are in deciding what goes where. Camera placements are thought out meticulously. Police point precisely to locations and angles.
Cameras go in hotel and hospital lobbies. In Fujian a Sheraton gave police access to the cameras INSIDE its hotel. Likely many other international hotels do too. With China boasting half of the world's one billion cameras, data collection can be immense. nytimes.com/2022/06/21/wor…
Read 11 tweets
Mar 28
As foreign multinationals head for the exits in Russia, some leave behind darkened offices or coffee shops. Nokia left behind something different: a telecom network wired to help the FSB, successor to the KGB, surveil activists and opposition politicians. nytimes.com/2022/03/28/tec…
A trove of 75,000 documents, including schematics, emails, and photos showed how Nokia helped Russia's largest telco connect to an invasive surveillance system called SORM, thru which the FSB spied on emails, chats, phone calls and internet traffic within Russia. Image
Nokia continued to help the telco, MTS, connect to SORM even after the European Court of Human Rights said it violated human rights laws. Images made it clear Nokia engineers knew what they were doing. Using the Russian acronym COPM for SORM, one photo showed how it plugged in. Image
Read 8 tweets
Dec 31, 2021
China's digital manhunt goes global: The final piece in our series on China's outbound propaganda and censorship shows how police use ever more sophisticated tech to find and silence those overseas. They target Chinese students and Chinese Americans alike. nytimes.com/2021/12/31/bus…
For a sense of what that looks like, here's a video of Chinese police harassing a Chinese student living in Australia. They summoned her father in China to the station, called her on his phone, and demanded she delete a Twitter account that mocked Xi Jinping.
One contractor who unmasks critics in the US for security authorities uses open-source investigation tools, databases leaked on the dark web, and other records, like voting and license registries. He has been assigned journalists and Chinese-American policy analysts.
Read 12 tweets
Dec 21, 2021
All year we’ve been tracking what Chinese influence campaigns look like on platforms like Twitter and Facebook. A new remarkable document gives us an inside look at how it works: local governments buy global internet manipulation as a subscription service. nytimes.com/interactive/20…
The bidding document from Shanghai police lays out with remarkable clarity what they want. The first order of business is fake accounts. They need a company that that can provide 100’s of accounts on Twitter, Facebook and other platforms. Sometimes they need it quick.
Then they want a special set of accounts that are camouflaged as real people and have their own following. Aware of the bot purges on sites like Twitter, they demand the contractor be able to keep the account up for long periods of time.
Read 9 tweets
Dec 14, 2021
In the Cold War there were useful idiots. In the internet era, we now have useful influencers. Check out our deep dive into a new crop of social media personalities that get major support from China to boost its image overseas. nytimes.com/interactive/20…
The rise of the influencers dates back to the protests in Hong Kong, when China first began to more aggressively push its narratives on global social media. It has returned to them again and again, to defuse criticism over Xinjiang and the early spread of the coronavirus.
So what did we find? State media and local governments pay influencers to take trips around China. They also offer payment for content sharing. The influencers say they are creatively independent.
Read 15 tweets

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