Historians estimate that the pyramids of Giza are roughly 5000 years old. This can't be verified for certain because you can't carbon date limestone.
You can, however, carbon date an eggshell. This one, found in Aswan, is 7000 years old, and depicts the pyramids beside the Nile.
Weird!
The Sphinx, also, cannot be carbon dated. But a quick glimpse at it from above is all you need to tell that the head is incredibly disproportionate to the rest of its body.
What's interesting is that roughly 12000 years ago, it would have been perfectly positioned to face the constellation Leo. You'll notice it's in the exact same pose as the constellation. I think it used to have a more proportional lion's head
12000 years ago is an interesting date, because that aligns with Plato's reckoning of the sinking of Atlantis. The Egyptian priest who supposedly told Solon the story of Atlantis claimed it existed roughly 9000 years before his time, and that story was told roughly 2500 years ago
Which lines up with the beginning of the Younger Dryas period, an era of intense cooling across the planet and the extinction of countless species of megafauna all around the world. Maybe even because of a meteor. You don't suppose that could have caused a flood?
I wonder what was so significant about the sky ~12000 years ago that the people who built Gobleki Tepe felt the need to immortalize the constellations in that position in stone forever!
Let's go back to the egg, though. What's that at the top? Concentric circles? If we're assuming this was a stylized map (which it was) this would be some kind of geographic feature, wouldn't it?
What's this weird series of concentric circles in the Sahara desert? And why does it look almost exactly how Atlantis was described?
If we assume the Egyptian priest who told Solon the story was aware enough of Atlantis (which existed 9000 years prior) to be able to describe it with any accuracy, one would imagine the Egyptian who carved into the egg, living even closer to the time, would be just as aware
Here's the Richat Structure, in the Mauritanian desert, surrounded by sand that looks like it was washed away by a giant wave
"Atlantis in the desert? What the fuck are you talking about?" I thought it was an island
It was! The Sahara used to be humid, and green, and the Eye of the Sahara used to be in a giant fucking river with access to the sea!
....as recently as 5000 years ago!!
"Alright Uncle Deluge, that's cool I guess but what else you got?"
The Richat Structure is in a region of the Sahara called the Adrar plateau, coming from an old Berber word, which probably means something like "rocky" or "mountain"
But this isn't the only place in the region with the name "Adrar," oh no, it's actually quite close to another, significantly more recognizable place
The ATLAS MOUNTAINS. Atlantis literally means "the island of Atlas"
Interesting that Berbers also appeared 12000 years ago. Wonder what would have happened that made them nomads in the Sahara?
Have a look at where "Atlantes" is
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It's been years since I did a Railroad playthrough but I remember during your initiation ceremony you're asked "Would you give your life for ANY synth?" and I thought that was either terrible writing or these people were well and truly insane
It's not just synth equality, that's advocating for synth supremacy. That a human life is worth less than a synth's and it's therefore justifiable to sacrifice oneself for any random synth no matter who they are or what they're doing. Ridiculous faction
Oh the password to the Railroad headquarters? Yeah it's "railroad", don't pass it around
I think the ancient river is a bigger deal than the Richat Structure (and archaeologists agree with me). I know it's a natural phenomenon but I believe it's unique enough that it was associated with the civilization even thousands of years later
Things I believe about Atlantis:
-Civilization centred around the Tamanrasset River in prehistory
-Asserted some level of hegemony over North Africa and the Mediterranean
-Progenitors of the Afro-Asiatic language family
-Wiped out in a (localized) flood
-Era following its destruction is remembered as one of rapid language divergence (Babel)
-Associated with giants, the divine (Titans, Nephilim)
-Not remembered fondly by those they ruled over
-Mythological cycles where righteous deity(ies) overthrow them (Genesis/Titanomachy)
Place-names in Iceland and the Faroe Islands which may point to pre-Norse Irish settlement.
The Íslendingabók and Færeyinga Saga references to "Papars" and "Westmen" post-date Norse colonization by several centuries. However, "an earlier source that could possibly refer to the Papar is the work of Dicuil, an early 9th-century Irish monk and geographer, which included mention of the wandering of "holy men" to the lands of the north."
These would have been very small anchorite hermitages so there isn't a ton of hope for concrete archaeological evidence. Apparently there are old tombstones in a churchyard in Skúvoy, Faroe Islands which are in distinctly Gaelic style but I can't find pictures of them
In this thread I'll be reposting and in some cases summarizing vinlandinthegulf's arguments for the location of Hvitramannaland and pre-Columbian Irish settlement in North America
To start; the Vinland Sagas make several references to a pre-existing Irish settlement near Vinland
Called "White Man's Land" or "Great Ireland," It was located six days away from Vinland by sail. If we take the L'anse-aux-Meadows settlement as being "Vinland," that puts it somewhere within the Gulf of St. Lawrence, in the vicinity of the Canadian Maritimes and East Quebec
Norse Sagas record that the first inhabitants of Iceland were Irish monks, in settlements they called "Papos" or "Papey," the monks referring to themselves as "Papars," "undoubtedly from the fact that their priestly leaders were called ‘papas’ after the Latin word for fathers"
In 1364, eight men arrived in Norway from the Arctic claiming to be fifth-generation descendants of colonists sent there by King Arthur. Apparently four years prior an Englishman from Oxford visited their land, these accounts are how Mercator decided to depict the Arctic
5 generations is probably around ~100 years so we can safely discount the King Arthur we know as having been the patron for their expedition. This date would be a lot closer to prince Madoc's supposed voyage to the Americas, Welsh being the connection between Madoc and Arthur
Suppose Madoc's voyage was real and he sired offspring *somewhere* to the west of Europe, is it possible he had a descendant named "Arthur"? Could this Arthur have been the one to send colonists out to Greenland or something? And then they made their way to Norway?
Weirdest looking guy ever becomes Pharaoh, says there's only one God, and upon his death his capital is immediately abandoned and he's stricken from the historical record for 3,200 years
Akhenaten has to be one of the strangest men in history. Stranger still is that around the time of his death the unique Levite/Kohenim yDNA haplogroup was introduced into the Israelite population and that the Levites in Exodus have Egyptian names. Oh well, must be a coincidence
The Levites were also established as a perpetual priestly caste and had no ancestral land in Israel. That's kind of odd for a hereditary tribal society to have an established tribe with no land to inherit, I wonder how that would have gotten started