As someone who has managed 5 prisons the main thing I learnt during my career is that prisons don't reduce crime, they don't rehabilitate & they don't make the community safer.
The solutions need to be community-designed and driven, with govt support.
Australia cannot afford the social, health and economic costs of over-imprisonment. Strong, healthy & connected communities are the most effective way to prevent crime & make communities safer.
Research has found a large portion of prisoners come from and return to a small number of inadequately resourced neighbourhoods and communities.
It is well known that prisons are filled with people who are disproportionately disadvantaged and who have unmet social, health and disability-related needs.
Government funding priorities across Australia has effectively criminalised the consequences of marginalisation & failed to address the causes of offending.
Research has shown that prison does not reduce crime. It actually perpetuates cycles of poverty, disadvantage and reoffending.
Governments in Australia continue to lavish resources on incarceration despite empirical research that re-offending is better addressed by rehabilitation programs, education and vocational training, stable housing, and employment.
We have to break the cycle of poverty, unemployment and incarceration they are all linked to disadvantage. The more disadvantaged the more crime, the more people locked up it’s the revolving door syndrome.
Building more prisons for 230+ years has resulted in Australia’s First Nations People to be the most incarcerated Indigenous Community on this Planet with a life expectancy a full decade less than white 🇦🇺 Sadly #Budget2022 fails to address this Australian tragedy.
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Are there any potential disadvantages for trans women athletes?
Absolutely. Trans women have frames are now being powered by reduced muscle mass & reduced aerobic capacity this leads to disadvantages in things like quickness, recovery endurance, & other
physiologial contraindications: sexual and mental health, muscle atrophy, decrease overall physical strength, increase in subcutaneous fat levels, acclerated bone loss and premature abnormal aging, large drop in hematocrite levels,
elevated core body temperature during exercise, reduced stamina, fatigue, delayed recovery, lethargy and diabetes.
Some of the body changes from endogenous puberty result in poorer net performance for transgender women relative to cisgender women.
For example, the fact that transgender women who go through typically male puberty will tend to have larger bones than non-trans women may actually be a disadvantage.
Having larger bones without corresponding levels of testosterone and muscle mass would mean that a runner has a bigger body to propel with less power to propel it.
Caster Semenya who is a black woman has won a total of two Olympic Gold Medals & holds no world records & gets banned.
whilst
Katie Ledecky a white woman has won seven Olympic gold medals and 19 world championship gold medals & has broken multiple world records gets celebrated.
@WorldAthletics One podium does not a pattern make. There were 306 podiums at the 2016 Rio Games. Just one was composed entirely of intersex female athletes (and again, no trans women even qualified to compete).
Women were eligible for 144 of the podiums in Rio (including women-only and mixed-gender sports or categories). One podium out of 144, or 0.69%.
It’s true that research prior to the 2015 IOC policy for trans athletes was limited & remains limited on how athletes bodies change as they transition. But small studies of non athletes did exist prior to 2015 like one 2009 paper in the Journal of Clinical Densitometry
that showed hormone replacement therapy (the administration of drugs designed to align a trans person’s physical characteristics with their gender identity) in trans women resulted in testosterone rates similar to those in biological women, plus a loss of muscle mass and
This is great article well researched and written with respect. I was quoted extensively in this article. bicycling.com/culture/a25736…
My quotes
Kirsti Miller, a trans athlete from Australia who advocates for more inclusive sport, actually agreed with Fader in part, saying the lack of research hurts trans athletes.
“The biggest problem is a lack of transparency and research and science related to the development of the policies,” she said. She worries that a one-size-fits-all policy may harm the health of trans athletes over the course of their lifetimes.
I guarantee the Diamonds will dominate both on and off the netball courts in both Vic & the rest of the world for years to come.
This is marketing brilliance from Visit Victoria & @NetballAust this is about grassroots, pathways & elite competions. There are no losers here.
Gender equity in sports is a complex issue. Gender & sport are one of the most important issues in terms of gender inequality. In no other area is the inequity as large as in sport. #DiamondDan & Vic thank you for addressing this inequality so boldly ✊
The notion that men and women are naturally different has been used for many years to justify the exclusion of women from some or all sports. Many people feel that since women could never equal or surpass mens achievements, there was no apparent reason why women would be...