A new systematic review of the literature investigated how fast you should perform your reps. Their conclusions were: Image
A new systematic review of the literature investigated how fast you should perform your reps. Their conclusions were:
For strength development: 1 second concentric (upward phase typically), 2-4 second eccentric (lowering phase typically), no pauses.
For power: concentric below 2 seconds and eccentric below 8 seconds, preferably with a total rep duration below 4 seconds.
For muscle growth: the eccentric should be slower than the concentric and the total rep duration should be 4-7 seconds for trained individuals. The optimal timing is unclear though.
Their exact recommendations differ at different points in the paper though.

My take: I agree with the explosive concentric phase to maximize muscle activity and total work capacity.
I also agree with a controlled eccentric phase, as it's where your muscles can produce the most tension, so you can't neglect the stretching phases.
I'm not a fan of counting though. It's highly impractical and it detracts your focus from perfect technique. This tempo - known as Compensatory Acceleration Training - should be ideal for strength, power and size.

#sportsscience #mennohenselmans #personaltrainer

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More from @MennoHenselmans

Nov 15
Many people are under the impression that keto diets are better for fat loss but worse for muscle growth than higher-carb diets. Image
Last week I posted a review on the ketogenic diet for concurrent athletes that concluded keto diets are actually equally effective for both fat loss and muscle growth.
Now a new meta-analysis specifically on strength trainees, both male and female, concluded that keto diets are indeed equally effective to gain muscle.
Read 11 tweets
Nov 14
How close to failure should you train?

A new meta-analysis of the scientific literature sought to answer this question by looking at velocity stops. Image
During a set, your velocity gradually decreases until it reaches 0 in the biomechanical sticking point when you reach momentary muscle failure. The level of velocity loss can thus serve as an objective measure of how close to failure you are.
However, one problem with the use of velocity-based training is that the relationship between proximity to failure and velocity loss is highly individual and context-dependent. It differs per exercise, training intensity and individual.
Read 14 tweets
Sep 17
New meta-analysis says 1.5 g/kg protein is enough to maximize strength development
One of my first articles was about the myth of 1 gram protein per pound of bodyweight. I argued 0.82 g/lb was more than enough to optimize our gains based on the research, in contrast to virtually every other source in fitness at the time.
This article stood the test of time extremely well. In 2017, I participated in a meta-analysis of the literature that found 1.6 g/kg/d was the break-off point of further benefits in gains.
Read 7 tweets
Sep 15
After a single with 90% of 1RM, you can perform more reps across 4 sets of squats at 70% of 1RM. Image
That's what a new study by De Freitas et al. found. This phenomenon is called post-activation potentiation and it's one of my favorite advanced training techniques.
I use it in particular for these 2 groups of clients:
1) Powerlifters, obviously. If you're going to do heavy singles anyway, PAP(E) is a nice way to get some free extra volume for your hypertrophy work. It also helps you be explosive during the lighter sets.
Read 6 tweets
Aug 16
The researchers had 2 groups of women and 2 groups of men train to either a 20% velocity loss per set or a 40% velocity loss per set. In other words, one group trained closer to failure than the other by performing more reps per set.⁣
Overall, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups, but the magnitudes of improvement differed between groups. Women showed greater effect size gains from training closer to failure than men for 1RM strength and power.⁣
I agree with the overall conclusion of the researchers, although we need a lot more research on strength training women.
Read 11 tweets
Aug 15
Raw eggs are often listed as a poor protein source due to their poor digestibility. We digest barely half of the protein in them.

Yet somehow they stimulate just as much muscle growth as boiled eggs, according to this new study.
Anabolic signaling (mTOR) and myofibrillar muscle protein synthesis (MPS) over the 5-hour post-workout recovery period were similar after eating 30 g of protein from either raw or boiled eggs.
This finding surprised me, as well as the authors. It's plausible that raw eggs are indeed an inferior protein source, but the study was underpowered to detect the difference or that MPS hit a ceiling effect.
Read 6 tweets

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