Caroline Orr Bueno, Ph.D Profile picture
Nov 15, 2022 13 tweets 4 min read Read on X
One thing that keeps me up at night right now is the possibility that Twitter’s potential death spiral will coincide with a major regional/national/global crisis. For better or worse, Twitter is a crucial disaster comms tool, and we don’t have a replacement for it. 1/
Twitter has been a vital source of information, networking, guidance, real-time updates, community mutual aid, & more during hurricanes, wildfires, wars, outbreaks, terrorist attacks, mass shootings...etc. It's not something that can be replaced by any existing platforms. 2/
If Twitter suddenly stops working or if huge swaths of the population can't access it during a crisis, the result will almost certainly be preventable suffering & death. Elon Musk needs to stop treating this like a playground, and start protecting it as vital infrastructure. 3/
This isn't just my opinion. There is an entire line of research exploring the use of Twitter for crisis- and disaster communication. For example, here's a great study about the significance of Twitter as a communications tool during Hurricane Harvey. 4/
sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
As this study notes, Twitter has been identified by some researchers as the "most useful social media tool" for communicating during disasters. Other platforms play a role, but Twitter is the central hub for journalists, govt, citizens, witnesses/survivors, & first responders. 5/ Image
One of the reasons Twitter is such an important comms tool during disasters is that the nature of crises often makes it hard for traditional media to reach the public and the disaster scene. Twitter is often the first and only source of info about unfolding crises. 6/ Image
The design of Twitter is also uniquely conducive for use during crises. Hashtags, for example, become crucial navigational tools to find relevant, up-to-date information and advisories in one central place without having to lose valuable time searching multiple websites. 7/ Image
Effective use of Twitter by government agencies can also engender trust in those agencies during crises, which is critical when you need people to follow evacuation orders or other safety protocols. It helps keep people informed, engaged, and alive. 8/ Image
Twitter can also play a crucial role in the healing process after crises. It gives people a space to build community resilience, which also helps us better prepare for future disasters. These are, quite literally, life-saving implications. 9/ Image
My colleagues and I recently wrote/presented a paper on this very topic (I will share it when it's published), and one of our findings was that Twitter actually shapes the course and outcome of crises. It can literally mean the difference between life and death. 10/ Image
I truly hope Elon Musk will see that he holds people's lives in his hands, and will start acting accordingly — because if he continues playing around with Twitter like a new toy, he *will* be responsible for deaths at some point. 11/
In the meantime, I hope you'll use this opportunity to plan ahead. Make an emergency communication plan for your family, your workplace, your neighbors, etc. Don't wait until it's too late.

Here's how to get started on that:
ready.gov/plan-form

ready.gov/sites/default/…
Here’s more reading on the use of Twitter for disaster communication if you’re interested:

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More from @RVAwonk

Jan 24
Given current events, it bears repeating that when the Trump admin spreads disinformation, they’re not doing it because they expect you to accept their lies as truth. They do it to erode the notion of truth and destroy our ability to distinguish between truth & falsehood.
The act of lying is bad enough. But selling the idea that truth doesn't matter — or doesn't even exist — is far more corrosive. Democracy rests upon a shared understanding of basic facts. We can't debate issues or hold leaders accountable w/o these agreed upon facts.
If the Trump administration can cast doubt on the very existence of an objective truth, they can also undermine the external mechanisms that we rely on to hold government officials accountable & prevent abuses of power.
Read 7 tweets
Jan 1
I wrote about Nick Shirley’s bullsh*t video and the disinformation tactics he used to make it go viral. 🧵

Link in comments below. Image
Please give it a read and consider becoming a free or paid subscriber so you can get more content like this!
weaponizedspaces.substack.com/p/nick-shirley…
You’ve probably seen Nick Shirley’s video accusing Somali-run daycares in Minnesota of fraud. Hopefully you’ve also seen some of the follow-ups showing that security footage & operating hours disprove his central claim of “no children.”

It went viral anyway. Let’s discuss why… Image
Read 11 tweets
Nov 24, 2025
X’s new “About this account” feature just accidentally revealed a vast network of covert foreign influence accounts posing as Americans but operating from overseas — the most sweeping public exposure of covert influence on a major platform since 2016. Story is linked below. Image
Some of these accounts have hundreds of thousands of followers. They present themselves as American patriots, veterans, moms, truck drivers, or lifelong Republicans. Many are explicitly MAGA. But their operators are posting from overseas while shaping U.S. political narratives.
It’s not just MAGA accounts, but mostly it is. Several large anti-Trump accounts were also revealed as foreign-run, as were public health networks. The common denominator is deception: pretending to be American participants in US politics while pushing highly divisive content.
Read 12 tweets
Oct 28, 2025
I wrote about a secret tactic shaping what you see online — one almost no one’s talking about. It’s called Moderation Sabotage, and it’s how political digital operatives overwhelm social media defenses so lies go viral before truth can catch up. Link is posted below.🧵
Imagine flooding the system so completely that moderators can’t respond in time. That’s the playbook: swamp the filters, delay enforcement, and let false or incendiary content live long enough to trend.

By the time platforms react, the damage is done.
This isn’t random chaos. It’s deliberate. Trump’s digital allies — the same architects behind Stop the Steal — have refined Moderation Sabotage into an election-year weapon. Rather than hacking the code, they’re hacking the people who keep the code honest.
Read 11 tweets
Oct 13, 2025
NEW: AI campaigns are learning to run themselves — and using our data to do it. Without stricter safeguards, we may soon see AI controlling the very governing bodies that could enforce those safeguards in the first place..

(Link in next tweet). Image
I took 2 months off due to health problems, and when I returned, I expected to see the normal disinformation playbook in action. Indeed, that was waiting for me. But so was something else: AI is now running for office & pushing humans out of the process.

weaponizedspaces.substack.com/p/ai-political…

We’ve already seen AI playing a big role in politics, including several attempts to get an AI system elected to office in order to act as the decision-maker, while humans would simply act as the body for AI’s policies and initiatives. weaponizedspaces.substack.com/p/ai-political…Image
Read 9 tweets
Aug 13, 2025
The “controversy” over Sydney Sweeney is absurd and largely fake, but there’s one thing worth paying attention to — the tried and tested formula used by the right-wing outrage machine to manufacture liberal fury and then bait the left into making it a reality.
Here’s how it works:

First, invent the outrage. This usually involves picking a neutral or mildly provocative event and finding something about it to frame as being offensive to the left. In this case, the slogan (“Sydney Sweeney has great jeans”). Image
Second, flood the zone. Carry out a social media blitz and manufacture the appearance of outrage by gaming the algorithm with repetitive content, which will then get pushed into trending feeds and recommended videos — creating the perception that people actually care about it. Image
Read 15 tweets

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