The drive down U.S. 17 along South Carolina and Georgia is beautiful—the lush grasses of the salt marsh seem to go on forever. This part of the country didn’t look like this before enslaved Africans were brought to the American colonies.
Rice plantations shaped and reshaped the lowcountry geography and economy, making Charleston one of the richest cities in the world and SC the richest colony—but it was a wealth built primarily on the knowledge, skills, and labor of enslaved Africans.
With rough tools, the enslaved cleared immense wooded swamps. Then they constructed massive hydrological systems—dams, dikes, and floodgates— used to irrigate rice fields where they sowed and weeded the grain.
The transformation of the landscape is an engineering marvel that demonstrates their knowledge, skill, and capacity. Despite brutal conditions, generations of enslaved rice growers continued West African traditions in the Americas.
These aerial images by photographer David Soliday show the remnants of the rice fields from NC to to GA. They highlight the extreme impact of this fields on the natural environment. Source: nmaahc.si.edu/rice-fields-lo…
Gullah Museum co-founder Vermelle Rodrigues may no longer be with us, but she was interviewed numerous times for oral histories of the Gullah Geechee people and what it was like growing up in Georgetown, SC.
She liked to be called by her “basket name,” which was “Bunny.” In these interviews, she would often bring up the West African practice of basket names, a type of nickname. When she was a baby, one of her sisters said she moved like a bunny and that became her basket name.
Enslaved Africans brought this naming practice with them to the countries they were brought to. During slavery, it was common to have a given name (given by the slave owner) and a name by the community, family, or the village.
Sweetgrass baskets are vessels of memory. This traditional Gullah Geechees craft has been handed down from generation to generation for more than 300 years--the functional baskets made here for use in the field and home are virtually indistinguishable from those made in Africa.
Think of it--this style of basket making survives to this day because our Gullah Geechee ancestors survived being torn from everything they knew, the horrors of the Middle Passage, and permanent, generational enslavement in a strange new world.
Wide winnowing baskets, known as fanners, were the earliest and most important type of coiled basketry made by Gullah Geechees. From the introduction of rice in the late 1600s to well into the 20th century, fanner baskets were used to separate rice grains from husks.
Pugilism, or boxing, was the height of fashion in the Great Britain of 18OOs, mixing and matching all classes and it staged possibly the first international sporting contest between a Brit and his upstart American opponent—a Gullah Geechee man named Tom Molineaux.
TomMolineaux, who had formerly been enslaved on a plantation In Georgetown, South Carolina, made the voyage across the Atlantic to seek glory in the fighting ring. Some of the first professional sportswriters were on hand to record it. theguardian.com/sport/blog/201…
Some consider Tom Molineaux America’s first internationals sports celebrity. He was a great star in his day and his international achievements were immense. But how did he gain his freedom?
U.S. history is full of myths like Columbus discovered North America, Thomas Edison invented the light bulb, and Slavery just happened in the South. So let’s talk about where the first insurrection of enslaved Africans in North America may have occurred — San Miguel de Gualdape.
Founded in September 1526 by Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón, San Miguel de Gualdape was the first Spanish town in the territory of what is now the southeastern U.S. But there is a disagreement between whether the rebellion took place in present day Georgia or South Carolina.
Since Vázquez de Ayllón, the first European colonizer of what is now South Carolina, also died in the Palmetto state, we’re leaning toward the uprising of enslaved Africans and indigenous people having happened near Winyah Bay in what is now Georgetown SC.
Did y’all know the official State Historical Song of Georgia is the Gullah Geechee spiritual “Kumbaya?” The song is also known by other titles such as “Kum Ba Yah,” “Come By Yuh,” and “Come By Here.”
Griffin Lotson, a member of the Gullah Geechee Cultural Heritage Commission, led the successful effort to get the song recognized as the official State Historical Song of Georgia. The Georgia Senate passed a resolution in February 2017.
Kumbaya,” once one of the most popular songs in the folk revival of the 20th century, has more recently become the subject of misplaced scorn. In its heyday, from the 1950s through the 1990s, the song was recorded by a who’s who of folk singers, including the iconic Odetta.
American’s first Muslims were enslaved African men, women, and children — and some of their religious and cultural traditions and language live on in their Gullah Geechee ancestors. For example, the ring shout or in Arabic “sha’wt” or “sh’aut.” gpb.org/news/2020/04/2…
In the @SmithsonianACM exhibit “Word, Shout, Song: Lorenzo Dow Turner — Connecting Communities Through Language, the curator wrote that the ring shout was directly inherited from enslaved Black Muslims. It is a recreation of the tawf of Muslim pilgrims around the Ka’bah in Mecca.
Scholars estimate that about one-third of enslaved Africans brought to the Americas were Muslim. While the exact number of enslaved Muslims is unknown, many of them came from predominantly Muslim parts of West Africa. gpb.org/news/2020/04/2…