Rastislav was born in early 9th century. His father may have been Wistrach and his uncle Mojmír, the Duke of Moravia. Little is known about Rastislav's youth, until 846 when Franks invaded Moravia and installed Rastislav as the Duke of Moravia. 1/10
Moravia emerged as a semi independent state in Central Europe not long after the Franks had defeated the Avars in late 8th century. Moravia was not the first power in the region though. The Slavic states of Samo and of Nitra had lasted briefly during various times as well. 2/10
Mojmír led the Moravians from the 820s, but the Franks exerted a dominant influence over the region. However, the Frankish control loosened during the Frankish civil wars after the death of the Frankish Emperor Hludowic in 840. 3/10
Mojmír attempted to free Moravia from Frankish control but was eventually forced out of power by Hludowic's son, Hludowic, who got the eastern part of the Frankish realm (Including Moravia) when the brothers made peace in 843. 4/10
Hludowic installed Rastislav as the Duke of Moravia. Rastilav worked to stabilize his control over Moravia and began to expand into the neighbouring regions. As he grew stronger, he also sought to get rid off his Frankish overlords, just like his predecessor. 5/10
Faced with a Frank-Bulgar alliance on its borders, Rastislav looked to Constantinople for an alliance. Among other things, Constantinople sent them two brothers, Constantine (Better known as Cyril) and Methodius, to spread Christianity in Moravia. 6/10
The brothers used Slavonic language and devised the Glagolitic alphabet for fulfilling their responsibilities. The alliance between Moravia and Constantinople, however, was not fruitful, since Hludowic besieged his wavering vassal and deposed him in 869. 7/10
Rastislav was captured and imprisoned, where he later died. The Franks replaced him with his nephew, Svatopluk, who had to come terms with the Franks initially. But with Frankish power weakening and Bulgars occupied with Constantinople, Svatopluk was able to expand Moravia. 8/10
After Methodius died in 885, Svatopluk expelled his disciples from Moravia. They later ended up with the Bulgars, who had by then had come to terms with Constantinople. The Glagolitic alphabet eventually evolved to become the Cyrillic alphabet used to the present day. 9/10
After Svatopluk's death, the state of Moravia collapsed with their vassals in Bohemia displacing them. The name of Moravia continued as a Margraviate within Bohemia for many centuries. 10/10
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Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck was born in 1815 to Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand von Bismarck and Wilhelmine Luise Mencken. Hailing from Schönhausen, the Bismarcks were a prominent noble family of the Kingdom of Prussia, with connections in Pomerania. 1/10
Prussia became a kingdom in 1701, but its major part was Brandenburg in the centuries old Holy Roman Empire. Invasion by the French in early 19th century led to the dissolution of this empire, with many of its regions joining Napoleon backed Confederation of the Rhine. 2/10
Camillo Benso was born in 1810 to Michele Benso, Marquis of Cavour, and Adélaïde Suzanne de Sellon. The Bensos were prominent nobility of Savoy. Camillo also had a distinguishing French connection thanks to his mother and his godmother Pauline, sister of Emperor Napoleon. 1/10
The early 18th century saw the French under Napoleon occupy Savoy. But the Bensos managed to see through it in a favourable manner eventually. Young Camilo's career prospects improved with his appointment as page to Carlo Alberto, Prince of Carignano in 1824. 2/10
Iaroslav Vladimirovich was born around 980 to Vladimir Sviatoslavich, Grand Prince of Kiev, and Rogned of Polotsk. Vladimir was initially supposed to rule only in Novgorod, but he had taken Kiev and Dereva from his brothers by 980. 1/10
Iaroslav was given an early charge of Rostov and, later, of Novgorod by 1010. But he sought Kiev and rebelled against his father, when he saw that one of his many brothers may be given Kiev. However, Vladimir died in 1015 and his domain got divided between his sons. 2/10
Birger Magnusson was born around 1210 to Magnus "Minnesköld" Bengtsson and Ingrid Ilva. Magnus was the grandson of the powerful Scandinavian noble, Folke, while Ingrid may have been a descendant of Sverker, King of Sweden in mid 12th century. 1/10
The kingdom of Sweden claimed land on the western and eastern coasts of the Baltic Sea in the 13th century. However, the crown itself was held between two dynasties since Sverker's death in 1156; by Sverker's family and that of Erik who became king after Sverker. 2/10
Bayan was born likely in early sixth century AD. He may have been part of the ruling elite of a Central Asian Khaganate known as Rouran / Juan-Juan / Jeoujen Khaganate. The Khaganate thrived between mid fourth century AD to mid sixth century AD. 1/10
In 555, the Rouran Khaganate was dismantled by the Göktürks, who formed the first Turkic Khaganate in the region. Many of the "Rouran people" were assimilated into the new khaganate, but some managed to flee elsewhere. 2/10
Tvrtko Kotromanić was born in 1338 to Vladislav Kotromanić and Jelena Šubić. Vladislav was the younger brother of Stjepan Kotromanić, Ban of Bosnia. The Kotromanić family ruled Bosnia as vassals of their neighbours, the Kings of Hungary. 1/10
One of the Slavic states of South East Europe, Bosnia had been ruled at different times by the Romans of Constantinople, the Hungarians, the Bulgars and other Slavic states like Serbia and Duklja. But after 1180, they had managed to obtain a certain degree of autonomy. 2/10