The Ottoman empire did as the Romans do and debased it's currency as it ran into trouble.
The golden age was gone and due to rapid inflation so was the age of silver.
Similar patterns exists in many empires.
Roman debasement of its currency accelerated after the end of the "five good emperors" and the start of the thirty Merda emperors.
Byzantine debasement of it's currency when they faced the Arab conquests in the 7th century.
The financial position of the Byzantine empire was already not stellar in the early 7th century.
More Byzantine debasement to fight the Turks in the 11th century.
By 1250s Byzantine coins had a bad reputation
More.
By 1453 everything must go.
After a series of civil wars Ptolemy X left Egypt to Rome in his will in 88 BC and the kingdom was under threat of Roman annexation.
The financial state of the latter Ptolemaics
Parthian debasement during the empire, also noticeably in the middle of the first century BC when they tangled with Rome. This is part of the conflict in which Crassus squared off against the Parthians.
The Sasanian were more responsible, only seriously debasing the coinage early on during the wars against Rome. In 283 the Roman emperor Carus even sacked the capital of Ctesiphon yet his campaign ended after he was struck by lightning.
Also some debasement during Yazdegerd II war against both the Huns and Romans and toward the end of empire under Yazdegerd III.
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New kingdom Egyptians imported Baboons from the 'Land of Punt', Isotope analysis of New kingdom Baboon mummies showed they came from Ethiopia and Eritrea revealing the location of Punt.
Egyptian wall carving of Queen Hatshepsut expedition to Punt shows Baboons on ship
Ancient cities of mesopotamia were built close to the persian shore and next to the rivers but over time the shore and the river moved destroying their favorable geographic location.
At Herodotus time, he tells us the Euphrates used to bisect Babylon, it now inundate part of its ruins.
This is a map of G6PDD deficiency,perhaps the most common enzyme deficiency in the world. Despite killing around 33k people yearly it has spread to 400 million people because it provides protection against malaria.
G6PDD deficiency causes the fast breakdown of red blood cells, this is why it is harmful and this is why it provides protection against malaria which infects those cells. A side effect of it is sensitivity to fava beans.
There is speculation that perhaps this is why various cults like the Pythagoreans had bans against fava beans.
During the entirety of the Roman Empire, the Romans never lost more battles than they won.
Lots of battles early on, than age of expansion and domination until maximum extant under Trajan, things pick up again in the crisis of the third century. Decline in the 4th as the western empire collapse.
To a certain extent they are picking their battles. They're not choosing to expand anymore since Trajan and abandoned some of the eastern conquest.They abandoned Dacia in the crisis of the 3th century and moved back the danube river.