Ungrading isn’t a word for all alternative grading practices. It’s a set of conversations (drawing together teachers and students) that push against and ask hard questions of grading and standardized/quantitative assessment. There are lots of entry points to those conversations.
The word “Ungrading” has use value right now, which is why I’ve used it and why I’ve worked to catalyze conversations about #ungrading. But the conversations aren’t new. We have to look back in order to look forward.
The first step toward #ungrading is a series of conversations about the failures of standardized assessment, the harm letter grades do to already marginalized students, and the harm they do to relationships between teachers, between students, and between teachers and students.
I’ve said before, we need to stop having conversations about the future of education without students in the room. This means students have to be drivers of the conversations we have in education about assessment, grades, and #ungrading.
The next step toward #ungrading is to knock down the barriers that keep teachers and students from working together to actively reimagine how we do assessment in education. There’s lots of ways to begin this work, but there are a few glaring barriers that get in the way.
We need to start by trusting students. Every dollar we invest in proctoring software, plagiarism detection tools, and other policing technologies needs to be reinvested in student support and faculty development.
We need to start by trusting teachers. Institutions and administrators should not be making critical pedagogical decisions for teachers. Institutions should not universally adopt technologies or models (like Quality Matters) that make critical pedagogical decisions for teachers.
Less than half of higher education teachers get meaningful or significant preparation for the work of teaching as graduate students or as new faculty. This is a fatal structural flaw.
Collaboration between teachers is actively discouraged. Most institutions have no strategies or policies in place to support collaborative teaching. This is a fatal structural flaw.
70% of faculty in higher education are contingent or adjunct. This is a fatal structural flaw.
How do we support struggling students if the bulk of faculty have little structural power to do or advocate for that work?
The conversation around ChatGPT isn't a particularly new conversation. People have been talking about how technology will transform or dismantle education for decades, even centuries. (a thread)
The fear that students will use technology to cheat is also not new. There has been headline after headline about the rise in cheating in the wake of the internet, in the wake of online paper mills, in the wake of online learning during the pandemic, etc.
Even the chalkboard (when it first started appearing in classrooms) was singled out as a potentially dangerous technology. It's important for us to look back even as we look forward — to think about what motivates these conversations.
Gatekeeping is the single most harmful feature of academia.
When ideas congeal into a “movement,” “club,” or an exclusive “community,” lines too often get drawn, people bully each other for status, and already marginalized people end up further marginalized, which is one reason I’ve stepped back significantly from academic Twitter.
At this point, what’s important to me is the work — teachers and students collaborating to support, defend, and (where necessary) transform education. This isn’t “big tent” work. At this point, it’s “humongous tent” work.
I’m increasingly frustrated when I see ungrading or a critique of grades associated with a lack of structure. One big problem of traditional grades is that they structure much of education. Removing grades, though, doesn’t remove structure, just one kind of problematic structure.
Adding flexibility for students and teachers also doesn’t remove structure. I’m disabled, neurodiverse, and need both flexibility and structure to succeed. Flexibility and structure are not at odds. Care and structure are not at odds.
There are lots of mechanisms better than grades at providing structure for learners: a clear schedule, concise descriptions of class activities, clear ways to ask for help or feedback, community architecture that makes it easy for students to connect with each other.
10 quotes (in no particular order) from almost 200 years that have informed my thinking about grades and ungrading:
“When the how’s of assessment preoccupy us, they tend to chase the why’s back into the shadows.” ~ Alfie Kohn
“Grading tends to undermine the climate for teaching and learning. Once we start grading their work, students are tempted to study or work for the grade rather than for learning.” ~ Peter Elbow
“The classroom remains the most radical space of possibility in the academy.” ~ bell hooks
hooks advocates for “continual self-evaluation” both of a student by the student and of a teacher by the teacher.
“Ungrading is a philosophy and not a practice, one bent on turning the tables in the classroom so that students can intervene in their own education.”
As @slamteacher points out, ungrading is not a “plug-and-play best practice.”
Nodding to Paulo Freire’s notion of the “student-teacher”, @slamteacher writes, “Ungrading is about rearranging the room, placing the teacher among the students and requiring steady engagement with one another. Teachers and students share both roles; they should learn together.”
The digging in of heels reminds me of the time I wrote an anti-student-shaming piece and got barraged with attacks (for weeks) that I just didn’t get the joke teachers were making … about students. 😞
It’s simple: you don’t get to control when or how students sit in chairs.
And I can’t believe it needs to be said: you don’t get to use the ADA as an excuse to control when or how students sit in chairs.