⚙️ Unlike M2 Bradley, there are no desert storage depots for the in-development Tracked Boxer.
There are, however, 5 production lines for the wheeled Boxer MRAV and a pooled supply chain run through OCCAR:
2 lines in Germany
1 in the Netherlands
2 in the UK
~1 in Australia also
⚙️ Why the sudden thought experiments surrounding medium tracked vehicles for the UK? Yesterday's thread covers part. But to expand there is still a land war ongoing in Europe, grumblings about budgets and I have a fear of knee-jerk UOR procurements.
⚙️ Unveiled at Eurosatory 2022 but in development for some time before that, Tracked Boxer displayed two important features to an audience in the know:
➡️ A full recoil 120mm smoothbore uncrewed turret module; and
➡️ A Tracked Drive Module able to accept ANY Boxer Mission Module
⚙️ This is the USP. Any Mission Module developed for a given Role and carried by Boxer MRAV can now also be deployed by Tracked vehicle where the mobility/manoeuvre consideration favours it.
⚙️ This is not a new concept, the Anglo-Swedish SEP was briefly considered after the UK pulled out of MRAV initially also considered this approach but never cracked the implementation before cancellation.
⚙️ Tracked Boxer is also not a "sticking tracks on a Boxer" like the aborted Stryker-Tr.
⚙️ Instead this is a specially designed Tracked Drive Module that resolves issues with length vs width ratios. It comes in overall *smaller* than a Lynx or Redback (!).
Note additional width available for armour packs or storage.
Also note 8 dismounts under the 120mm turret...
⚙️ Similar to the Boxer Drive Module, it has also been designed to use the additional layers as protection. Spaced armour and layers built in, before armour packs are added. I was also guilty of misperceiving this as parasitic until very knowledgeable folks explained the system.
⚙️ Industrially, the UK is scaling to manufacture the majority of a Boxer, Drive and Mission Modules, right now. The British Army are also leveraging OCCAR and the other Production Lines to accelerate initial purchases built to an identical, common, spec.
⚙️ Horstman suspension and angled gearboxes with technology transfer from RENK, Rolls-Royce manufacturing Series 199 engines at East Grinstead where they manufacture Series 1600engines for Hitachi trains (made in the North East).
⚙️ Critically, Boxer is the heaviest weight armoured steel hull construction going on in the UK. It is not an easy line to ramp up. Maintaining armoured steel integrity through bending and welding is skilled, represented by certification that takes time and hard work to earn.
⚙️ Into this existing chain of hull welding Tracked Boxer would be dropped. Leveraging controls, electronics, cabling, lights, periscopes from the Boxer MRAV supply chain. Add in Horstman suspension and transmission, Soucy CRT or William Cook tracks...
⚙️ The prototype presented at Eurosatory has an MTU 880 series engine as KMW had one to hand, however a move to a 199 Series, preferably the TE20 if possible, would allow engine swaps with Boxer MRAV. TE21 commonality with Ajax. A Cummins VTA-903 is also possible (see M2 thread).
⚙️ How does the Army acquire Tracked Boxer immediately?
It doesn't.
Boxer MRAV delivery is accelerated instead, along with development of the Mission Modules.
As Tracked Boxer arrives, Mission Modules are moved off, shared or rotated between MRAV or Tracked Drive Modules.
⚙️ The Army stays on target delivering fully fleshed out and supported Mechanised Manoeuvre Units and pivots on these as the backbone until Tracked Boxer is ready. Units gain "Deep Expertise" with the systems. Production Lines mature and carries that skill to the Tracked version.
⚙️ By fully fleshed out, we mean moving beyond the IOC capability of APC's to turreted, fires, recce, SHORAD and beyond.
⚙️ These now-matured or maturing Mission Modules are then moved over from the MRAV Drive Module to the Tracked Drive Module as desired.
⚙️ The beauty of the "accelerating Boxer" approach to delivering a medium tracked vehicle is the low risk and lack of upsetting apple carts. Warrior carries on until EOL, no decision on Ajax needs to be forced. 1,000's of personnel do not have to change direction radically.
⚙️ Measured. Steady. Hold the line.
The backing of 5 production lines and redundant supply chains. No need for a UOR splurge here beyond funding further supply line acceleration and Mission Module procurement.
Leaves the UK with one hell of an IP held, exportable AFV industry.
⚙️ Accelerating Boxer also provides the UK with options surrounding Warrior and Ajax should the Army and MOD choose to exercise them. Takes the pressure off.
⚙️ Please read @thinkdefence's piece on what other components of an AFV can be new-built in the UK here, many already supplying the Boxer MRAV programme:
⚙️ M2 Bradley and the UK
---
A thought experiment exploring M2 Bradley's introduction to the British Army. How, why and what next.
⚙️ At time of writing the British Army's medium tracked fleets are not in a great shape. The Warrior IFV upgrade programme has been cancelled with the fleet now in sunset years and the Ajax programme is struggling to deliver, and won't provide an IFV even if it does.
⚙️ The adaptable Boxer programme is delivering, providing a much needed dual-role platform in the Expeditionary/Response role, and as a "Heavy Stryker" in the Cav and Dismount Delivery role for Follow On Forces. It has not yet had a turreted variant approved for Fire Support.
People forget that all Challenger 2 tanks in service or in storage use a still-classified armour called Dorchester (see Chobham). This family of armour was kindly shared with NATO allies and can also be seen on the M1A2, albeit with a different mix.
1/
Chobham/Dorchester, alongside the puissant skill at arms of its crews and employment by its Generals, is one of the reasons for the Challengers formidable reputation to survive and keep on coming.
2/
Chobham and Dorchester is an applied armour package attached to the rolled armoured hull of the base vehicle. It is not exclusive to Challenger or Abrams, nor must it be permanently affixed, per this Warrior IFV Chobham package hit by an anti-tank warhead.
1. Ukrainian Antonov An-225 Mriya/ Dream. NATO reporting name Cossack.
Until the last aircraft was destroyed by a Russian attack on its home airport it was the largest conventional load aircraft in service.
Note the six Progress D-18T turbofan / gas turbine engines.
2. Progress D-18T turbofans are a gas turbine engine that were designed and manufactured at the Motor Sich plant in Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine, and develop around 51,000lbs of thrust each.
3. The same engines are used on the surviving fleet of An-124 heavy lift aircraft.
Just before Christmas, it was reported that 18/18 Puma's working up for NATO deployment has suffered "total failure" (Der Spiegel) and that Marder IFV's would cover the next deployment instead (good Janes follow up article).
1/
In to the new year and we now know the full detail:
One Puma suffered a genuine issue: A cable fire. This is serious and rightly being treated as such by Rheinmetall and KMW. The fire was detected and extinguished quickly by the crew and onboard systems (Tageschau).
2/
Electrical/cable fires are an unfortunate and serious hazard in any vehicle with electrical cables. A quick google reveals incidents in the last couple of years with M1 Abrams, a RN vessel, a French helicopter... you get the idea. Scary stuff that crews need to train for.
3/
There are at least four significant factors to consider here:
1️⃣ Reducing density;
2️⃣ Expansion of NATO;
3️⃣ Overseas Territories and SLOCs;
4️⃣ Force composition.
2/
1️⃣ As the density of our armed forces reduces (via headcount reduction or deliberate formation structure*) situational awareness of a wider area must improve as does the ability to reach those areas via range or mobility.