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Feb 8 • 5 tweets • 3 min read
You've heard of Kent State (1970) & maybe Jackson State (1970). Did you know #tdih 1968, 28 students were injured and three killed (one a HS student) — most shot in the back by state police while involved in a peaceful protest in Orangeburg, SC? 🧵Read ⬇️
zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/oran…
The three young men murdered were Henry Smith and Samuel Hammond Jr., both SCSU students, and Delano Middleton, a local student at Wilkinson HS on his way home.

Listen to this @StoryCorps interview with Hammond Jr.’s sisters. #TeachOutsideTextbook
npr.org/templates/stor…
SNCC organizer Cleveland Sellers was arrested for inciting a riot & sentenced to a year in prison. He'd been minimally involved and was the only person to serve time for the massacre. (Later served as president of Voorhees College.)

Read: snccdigital.org/people/clevela… at @snccdigital Four men, two with glasses. Cleveland Sellers, with Stokely
"This doc should be shown in every schoolroom in America." -- Howard Zinn on "Scarred Justice: The Orangeburg Massacre 1968" (Calif. Newsreel), prod by Bestor Cram & SNCC vet/Eyes on the Prize prod. Judy Richardson. Great intro to Black Power movement. ⬇️
zinnedproject.org/materials/scar…
We offer free lessons for teachers on SNCC, policing, & more.

Defend teachers right to teach this history. And the right of students to critically examine textbooks. To ask why they learn about Kent State but not Orangeburg, two years earlier. Read ⬇️
zinnedproject.org/news/teaching-…

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More from @ZinnEdProject

Zinn Ed Project Profile picture
Feb 9
#tdih 1950 Wisc. Senator Joseph McCarthy delivered a speech in WV; he claimed to hold list of known communists (“enemies from within”) in U.S. State Dep't.

Ask students: What was impact of McCarthyism on labor, civil rights, & anti-colonial movements? 🧵zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/mcca…
"The textbook periodization of anti-communist repression, which posits

-- the Red Scare in years following WWI, &
-- the 2nd Red Scare in late 1940s & early 1950s,

ERASES the continuity & pervasiveness of anti-communist politics & policies. . ." -- ⬇️
zinnedproject.org/if-we-knew-our…
"Whenever organizers challenged the status quo — racism, sexism, capitalism, militarism, & colonialism — its defenders screamed 'communism.' [Yet] . . .it has always been about a lot more than Russian spies, a blustering senator from Wisconsin, and a blacklist in Hollywood."
Read 6 tweets
Zinn Ed Project Profile picture
Feb 7
"This crusade is much more important than the anti-lynching movement, because there would be no lynching if it did not start in the schoolroom." — Carter G. Woodson

#tdih 1926, Woodson initiated Negro History Week which led to Black History Month. 🧵⬇️
zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/cart…
Carter Woodson pressed for schools to use Negro History Week to demonstrate what students learned ALL year.

Woodson co-founded the "Association for the Study of African American Life and History" @ASALH which continues with an annual theme.

See asalh.org/black-history-… logo and 2023 Black History...
"I could not move, because history had me glued to the seat. . . It felt like Sojourner Truth’s hands were pushing me down on one shoulder & Harriet Tubman’s hands. . .on another." — Claudette Colvin 3/2/1955 (days after Black History Month at her school)
zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/clau…
Read 8 tweets
Zinn Ed Project Profile picture
Feb 1
#tdih 1960, four African-American NC A&T students began a sit-in (planned at Bennett College) at a Woolworth’s lunch counter in Greensboro.

While not first sit-in of modern CRM, it triggered wave of direct action U.S. & founding of SNCC. 🧵#TeachTruth
zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/gree…
"The Greensboro sit-ins inspired mass movement across the South. By April 1960, 70 southern cities had sit-ins of their own. Direct-action sit-ins made public what Jim Crow wanted to hide – Black resistance to segregation." via youth-led @snccdigital⬇️
snccdigital.org/events/sit-ins…
Read about earlier sit-ins: 1943 with Pauli Murray & other @HowardU students; 1958 with high school teacher Clara Luper & NAACP Youth Council in Oklahoma; 1958 with students Ron Walters and members of the @NAACP Youth Council in Wichita, Kansas, & more.
zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/katz…
Read 8 tweets
Zinn Ed Project Profile picture
Jan 31
WWII vet Louis Allen was murdered #tdih 1964. Why?

Allen was willing to testify about murder he had witnessed of African American @NAACP member & SNCC supporter Herbert Lee by a white state legislator.

FBI refused protection. #TeachVotingRights🧵
zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/wwii…
Allen knew his life was in danger in Amite County, Miss. He stayed because his mother was elderly & needed care.

When his mother died, Allen made plans to move to Milwaukee. (Great Migration continues.)

The night before Allen was to leave, he was murdered. #terrorism
Traditional Civil Rights Movement narratives ignore that fight for civil, voting, & human rights was frequently met with terrorist violence, as exemplified by story of Louis Allen and countless others. #TeachOutsideTextbook

See more in @snccdigital ➡️
snccdigital.org/events/louis-a… Gravestone, outdoors, with ...
Read 7 tweets
Zinn Ed Project Profile picture
Jan 25
"Our will can create a new America in 1972, one where there’s freedom from violence & war at home & abroad. Where there’s freedom from poverty and discrimination."

#tdih 1972 Shirley Chisholm opened campaign for U.S. President. #TeachOutsideTextbook 🧵
zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/shir…
Teach story of Shirley Chisholm in context of long and ongoing history of fight for voting rights & democracy in U.S. by Black women.

Read "Vanguard: How Black Women Broke Barriers, Won the Vote, & Insisted on Equality for All" by @marthasjones_
zinnedproject.org/materials/vang…
Free lesson ⬇️for gr. 7+, an interactive activity with excerpts from @marthasjones_' book for students to learn about leading role of Black women in fight for voting rights throughout U.S. history. Includes Mary McLeod Bethune in Florida #AllorNothingAP
zinnedproject.org/materials/teac…
Read 4 tweets
Zinn Ed Project Profile picture
Jan 23
#tdih 1964, Amendment ratified to eradicate poll tax in federal elections. Read ⬇️

Two yrs later, Vernon Dahmer killed for offering to pay poll taxes in Miss. (See 🧵)

#tdih is also birthday of SNCC vet & voting rights organizer Bob Moses (1935 - 2021).
zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/24th…
Jan. 1966: Vernon Dahmer said on radio he'd pay Miss. poll tax for anyone who couldn't afford to register to vote.

Next day, Klan firebombed his home, killing Dahmer. His sons, in U.S. military to "defend democracy" overseas, returned home for funeral.
zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/vern…
In March 1966, SCOTUS banned poll taxes for state & local elections in 1963 lawsuit initiated by Joseph Jordan Jr., a Norfolk attorney on behalf of Evelyn T. Butts. (Virginia poll tax had been made law in 1902, to reverse Reconstruction era gains.) See ⬇️
zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/harp…
Read 5 tweets

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