What is unusual, and unique to the Tanchuma-Yelammedenu literature, is labeling the circumcision a mystery. This labeling did not originate in rabbinic culture.
"(...)the Tanchuma-Yelammedenu literature could have borrowed from Sefer Yetzirah. This is not a rabbinic book in any way; it is a sapiential text written in Hebrew (...)
The book tells about how God created the world using basic units of letters and numbers."
After that our father Abraham had seen and pondered over, investigated and understood these things, he designed, engraved and composed them, and received them into his hands
(...)
God ordained a covenant between the toes of his feet, that of circumcisionsefaria.org/Sefer_Yetzirah…
(Deut. 1:5f.): < MOSES UNDERTOOK TO EXPOUND > THIS TORAH
(in 70 languages - "sod" secret =70)
Ergo (in Ps. 25:4): THE SECRET OF THE LORD IS FOR THOSE WHO FEAR HIM. He said to him: It is enough for a slave to be equal to his owner.sefaria.org/Midrash_Tanchu…
" (...) when God said that the slave (i.e. Abraham) to be like his master (i.e. God), he meant that the circumcised Abraham will be like Him, i.e. God. This entails that God is circumcised, and this is the mystery of the circumcision"parabelproject.nl/the-mystery-of…
κατὰ τὸ ῥῆμά σου
also in Luke 1:38
εἶπεν δὲ Μαριάμ, Ἰδοὺ ἡ δούλη κυρίου· γένοιτό μοι κατὰ τὸ ῥῆμά σου. καὶ ἀπῆλθεν ἀπ' αὐτῆς ὁ ἄγγελος. esv.org/Luke+1/
and I bet it builds on Deuteronomy 8 cited in Matthew 4:4,
ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπεν, Γέγραπται, Οὐκ ἐπ' ἄρτῳ μόνῳ ζήσεται ὁ ἄνθρωπος, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ παντὶ ῥήματι ἐκπορευομένῳ διὰ στόματος θεοῦ.
Verily I say unto you, This generation shall not pass, till all these things be fulfilled. Heaven and earth shall pass away, but my words shall not pass away.
John 1:15,
Ἰωάννης μαρτυρεῖ περὶ αὐτοῦ (= the word that became flesh)
καὶ κέκραγεν λέγων, Οὗτος ἦν ὃν εἶπον, Ὁ ὀπίσω μου ἐρχόμενος ἔμπροσθέν μου γέγονεν, ὅτι πρῶτός μου ἦν
Οὗτος ἦν also in John 1:2,
οὗτος ἦν ἐν ἀρχῇ πρὸς τὸν θεόν
cf. Rashi on Genesis 1:1
in the beginning it was his intention to create it with the standard of justice, but he perceived that the world would not endure; so he preceded it with the standard of mercy, allying it with the standard of justice