On 4.3.1941, #OpClaymore was launched against targets in the Lofoten Islands with troops from 3 & 4 Commando. Mission: destroy oil installations & enemy shipping, take German prisoners & Quislings, & recruit Norwegian volunteers #Lofoten41 1/8
Force Rebel comprised HMS Nelson, George V, Bedouin, Eskimo (which had been blown up in the Battle of Narvik but miraculously rebuilt), Legion, Somali, Tartar, submarine HMS Sunfish & transports HMS Princess Beatrix & Queen Emma #Lofoten41 2/8
500 commandos were on board, plus 52 Norwegians (including former actor and resistance hero Capt Martin Linge) & 52 Royal Engineer demolition experts #Lofoten41 3/8
3 Commando, under the command of John Durnford Slater, were to attack the fishing ports of STAMSUND & HENNINGSVAER. 4 Commando, under Major LISTER, were sent to SVOLVAER & BRETTESNES ~ #Lofoten41 4/8
For the British, the raids were a huge success. For the Norwegians, many of whom lost their livelihoods & businesses that day, the implications were horrific. The Gestapo burned houses in retaliation & arrested 64 men, who were taken to the Grini concentration camp in Oslo 6/8
314 Lofoten Islanders, including 8 women, left their homes and families and travelled back with the British that morning. Nearly all went on to serve with Norwegian & British forces – Army, Navy, Air Force, Merchant Navy. Many lost their lives #Lofoten41 7/8
Among the many accounts of the raids (a further raid would take place on 26.12.41) in British military history, the aftermath - from the Norwegian perspective- is one which rarely gets told in any detail. I aim to change that… #Lofoten41 /ends
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ALAAARRMM!! One for @WeHaveWaysPod . This is very, very exciting. I've just received an original Kriegsdagebuch from German minesweeper M1803 (Commandant Kapitänleutnant Witting), covering July 1940 to January 1941. Some of it typed, most of it handwritten ➡️
The entries include the capture and scuttling of RN submarine HMS Shark on 6 July 1943 off Stavanger . Incredibly there's a photo of this incident in the IWM archives ➡️
M1803 was part of the 18th Minesweeping Flotilla which took part in the invasion of Norway. From July to late 1940, Witting & his crew swept up and down the Norwegian coast, intercepting & sometimes seizing Norwegian vessels. ➡️
Writing about ‘the Channel Dash’ today. Scharnhorst, Gneisenau & Prinz Eugen had been holed up in Brest on the French Atlantic coast for months, where they were regularly attacked by the RAF. They couldn’t be sunk though as they were either in dry dock or shallow water ➡️
Kriegsmarine decided to try to get the 3 back to the main Naval base at Kiel for repair; they slipped out of Brest in the early hours of 12/2/42. Bomber Command, sneaky buggers, had heavily mined the area around the Frisian Islands, through which they had to pass ➡️
Scharnhorst hit a mine mid afternoon - didn’t do much damage (probably a naval mine as it wasn’t in a Bomber Command ‘garden’) Gneisenau & Scharnhorst then each hit air-laid mines later that day. Gneisenau not badly damaged, but the 2nd mine did a lot of damage to Scharnhorst ➡️
🧵Friends, I have a treat for you. I’ve been loaned a set of original photos/news clippings which belonged to Eric Kirkland, an RAF Navigator on 254 Sqn Coastal Command. Eric flew on Beaufighters, attacking enemy shipping in the North Sea/Dutch/German coastal areas 1/10
Most (if not all) of these photos were taken by Eric himself. He was based at RAF North Cotes, Lincs. The photos were all taken April/June 43 - significant dates for those of you who’ve read #AboveUsTheStars
Eric’s Beaufighter attacked the Strasburg on 13.6.43. The incident made all the papers. This from the Times: