1/9 Short🧵
Whenever my good friend Klem @Zarelepotec tweets an #urbanwarfare video/photo he always accompanies them with questions to drive home teaching points.
After watching this 37-minute video (at the end of this🧵) of the urban fighting in Bakhmut I pictured Klem asking:
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1. Do our urban operations training areas simulate this kind of collateral damage (while maintaining safety standards) to make urban warfare training realistic?
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2. Urban operations means very small unit fighting will occur: have individual soldiers been trained to use their initiative like these troops? 3. Are uniforms marked so soldiers can easily identify friend from foe? These soldiers are using green/blue tape, for example;
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4. Is there a symbiotic relationship of protection between armoured fighting vehicles (AFV) & dismounted soldiers when they are fighting together in the urban environment? Note the destroyed AFV at 10:54;
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5. Are soldiers properly trained to use anti-armour weapons against dismounted enemy positions/AFVs in the urban environment? 6. Are we giving our soldiers enough ammunition (anti-armour rockets, grenades & bullets) due to the high ammunition consumption in urban warfare?
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7. Have we trained our soldiers so that they can properly identify enemy locations in an urban environment? It's not that easy; 8. Are we equipping our soldiers so they "fight light"? We cannot weigh them down with too much equipment in the urban environment;
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9. Are our soldiers using appropriate cover or are they exposing themselves needlessly? Enemy marksmen/snipers can easily hide themselves in the urban environment. Note what occurs at 20:44;
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10. Are all of our soldiers properly trained in casualty combat care? Urban warfare generates more casualties due to the high ammunition usage, shrapnel, & because concrete/stone/steel/wood/brick/glass is a lot less unforgiving on the human body than dirt;
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11. Are all of our soldiers trained in casualty evacuation (CASEVAC)? All of that collateral damage makes CASEVAC physically/mentally exhausting.
With thanks to @DrPaulyDeSantis for the video find.
Urban combat footage is from 08:40 to 29:40:
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Given it is the first anniversary of Russia's invasion of Ukraine today, I thought this passage from "The Conduct of War: 1789-1961," by British Major-General J.F.C. Fuller was apt. Interpret it as you wish:
2/6 "Never in war shackle yourself to the absolute. Never bind yourself with irrevocable compacts or decisions. Like a game of chance, war has no predetermined end. Throughout, action should always be adapted to circumstances, & circumstances are always fluid.
3/6 Brutality in war seldom pays, this is a truism with few exceptions. Another is, never drive your enemy to despair, for although it may win you the war, it will almost certainly prolong it to your disadvantage.
Throughout the history of war it is noticeable how frequently...
During the Allied assault across Germany's Rhine River 24 February 1945 (78 years ago today) in the Second World War (1939-1945), an American soldier from F Coy, 320th Infantry Regiment, 35th (Santa Fe) Infantry Division, U.S. Army...
🇺🇸 2/4 ...stumbled into a minefield.
The soldier had had one leg blown off and the other badly shattered with the foot pointing in the opposite direction.
Alone in the centre of the minefield the soldier applied a tourniquet to his stump and crudely bandaged his other wounds.
🇺🇸 3/4 To avoid the German machine gun fire, the soldier crawled over to another American who had been killed in action, scooped out a shallow trench beside his comrade, and laid in the cold and rain far into the night while combat engineers slowly worked their way out to him.
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Long, complex🧵
Today’s lesson: small mortars as a critical weapons system in urban warfare.
Thanks to @Stu_Lyle & @Zarelepotec for the retweet below. 1. I do support the use of artillery in urban operations but they do have some challenges when used in urban warfare.
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If there is a lack of precision guided munitions, large artillery shells, rockets, bombs & missiles are not entirely accurate & can cause extensive collateral damage. Of course, the Russians have demonstrated this time & again in the Russo-Ukrainian War:
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They are effective in the direct fire role as seen by zee Germans in Stalingrad (1942-1943) & Filipino soldiers in Marawi (2017) but then they need to have a ring of protection from the accompanying infantry, engineers & tanks so the enemy cannot sneak up & destroy them.
The 13-minute video included in this🧵has a very intimate urban warfare close quarter combat action that occurred recently in the town of Petropavlivka, Ukraine.
The video's producer also provides a visual word narrative to give further information/context.
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Some of the key takeaways that I observed while watching the video: 1. The challenges of approaching an enemy-occupied house through an open area; covered approaches are best as open areas in the urban environment are often sited as killing zones. If soldiers have to...
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...run through open areas they need lots of fire going down range to keep the enemy from firing at them (that means lots of ammunition). Even then, all it takes is one enemy soldier with a weapon to poke it out of a window & fire on full automatic to create casualties.
"Claude Weaver III. His Brother David was Killed Iwo Jima 5.3.45, Age 20 Years."
– The statement written on the tombstone by the family of Pilot Officer Claude Weaver III, DFC, DFM & Bar, Royal Canadian Air Force, Killed in Action 28 January 1944 (78 years...
🇺🇸🇨🇦 2/4 ...ago today), age 19 during the Second World War (1939-1945).
Pilot Officer Weaver was one of 9,000 Americans who enrolled in the RCAF during the conflict, a majority of whom (approximately 6,000) enlisted between the beginning of the war (01 September 1939) to the...
🇨🇦🇺🇸 3/4 ...Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour (07 December 1941). Over half would remain in the RCAF after the United States joined the war.
Claude's brother Corporal David Weaver was a United States Marine who was killed in action at the Battle of Iwo Jima in the Pacific theatre.
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Short🧵
For those of you who do not know how thermobaric weapons work or how truly & horribly destructive they are (especially in urban operations), please read the remainder of this🧵.
With thanks to my urban operations brother @Stu_Lyle for the retweet.
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"In the Second Chechen War, the Russians introduced the use of quantities of fuel-air or thermobaric weapons during the fight for Grozny from December 1999 to March 2000.
Fuel-air weapons work by initially detonating a scattering charge within a warhead.
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The warhead contents (volatile gases, liquids, or finely powdered explosives) form an aerosol cloud. This cloud is then ignited and the subsequent fireball sears the surrounding area while consuming the oxygen.