Share this page!

Enter URL or ID to Unroll

You can paste full URL like: https://x.com/threadreaderapp/status/1644127596119195649
or just the ID like: 1644127596119195649

How to get URL link on X (Twitter) App

  1. On the Twitter thread, click on or icon on the bottom
  2. Click again on or Share Via icon
  3. Click on Copy Link to Tweet
  4. Paste it above and click "Unroll Thread"!
  5. More info at Twitter Help
Ancient Iran Profile picture
@PersiaAntiqua
Mar 12, 2023 • 27 tweets • 16 min read • Read on X
Scrolly
Shapur II, the Great (𐭱𐭧𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭩; شاپور دوم), tenth Sasanian King of Kings (Shahanshah) of Iran

Longest-reigning monarch in Iranian history (309–379 CE). One of longest reigning monarchs in world history

Known illustrations of Shapur II: bulla/sealing

⤵️🧵 Image
Details of published sealing

⤵️ ImageImageImage
2) Bishapur Relief

⤵️ ImageImage
3) Naghshe Rostam, Damaged Relief

⤵️ Image
4) Taqe Bostan, Likely Shapur II

⤵️ ImageImage
5) Taqe Bostan, Shapur II on right

⤵️ ImageImageImage
6) Bas-relief in Haft-Tanan Museum of Shiraz

Shapur II (or Shapur I), see: researchgate.net/publication/36…

⤵️ ImageImage
7) (Possible) excavated bust, Kish, Iraq

see: …lections-anthropology.fieldmuseum.org/catalogue/1390…

@rasoulipour : maybe some of these excavated pieces can be used in a future recreation :)

⤵️ ImageImageImage
8) Medium-sized bust, Hajiabad excavations

⤵️ ImageImage
9) Large size bust, Hajiabad

⤵️ ImageImageImage
10) Excavated/ found plate of Shapur II, now @hermitage_eng , from Turushev

⤵️ ImageImage
11) Excavated, found plate of Shapur II, now @hermitage_eng , from Pereshchepina

⤵️ Image
12) Detail of plate excavated @ Mes Aynak, Afghanistan

⤵️ Image
13) Some gold coins of Shapur II

1-2: @britishmuseum , 1: Merv
3-4: also MRWY

⤵️ ImageImageImageImage
14) Other examples of coins of Shapur II, among many others

1: Begram, @britishmuseum

⤵️ ImageImage
15) Gold coins of Shapur II @ Saeedi Collection

⤵️ ImageImage
16) Plate @britishmuseum

⤵️ Image
17) Plate @ Sackler, U.S.

⤵️ ImageImage
18) Plate @ al Thani Collection, possible forgery

⤵️ Image
19) Plate from northern Iran

⤵️ Image
20) Bust @metmuseum

see: metmuseum.org/art/collection…

Also see this link for more info on plate @ Russia: depts.washington.edu/silkroad/museu…

⤵️ Image
21) Likely fake seal, @ Oliver Hoare

⤵️ Image
22) Possible fake plate

see: hermann-historica.de/en/auctions/lo…

⤵️ ImageImage
23) Modern forgery, @LACMA

⤵️ Image
24) Likely forgery, could be Shapur I and misidentified in any event

see: phoenixancientart.com/work-of-art/sa…

⤵️ ImageImage
25) Two likely fake, and/or misidentified pieces

I do not have any source which shows Shapur II had a crescent in his crown. If not fakes, these are likely misidentified

see: maynardsfineart.com/auction-lot/a-…

nationalgeographic.com/history/histor…

⤵️ ImageImageImageImage
Modern Recreations by @rasoulipour

eranshahr.com/shahs/shapur-ii

Photo 1 is likely not correct for crown of Shapur II based on excavated examples & coins

In any event, we have a large number of Excavated, reliable depictions of Shapur II, the great #Sasanian king of Iran. ImageImage

• • •

Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to force a refresh
　

Keep Current with Ancient Iran

Ancient Iran Profile picture

Stay in touch and get notified when new unrolls are available from this author!

Read all threads

This Thread may be Removed Anytime!

PDF

Twitter may remove this content at anytime! Save it as PDF for later use!

Try unrolling a thread yourself!

how to unroll video
  1. Follow @ThreadReaderApp to mention us!

  2. From a Twitter thread mention us with a keyword "unroll"
@threadreaderapp unroll

Practice here first or read more on our help page!

More from @PersiaAntiqua

Ancient Iran Profile picture
Mar 30
PERSEPOLIS through time / پارسه در گذر زمان

A. Daulier-Deslandes, 1664 ⤵️🧵 Image
J. Grelot's drawing for A. Bembo in 1674 Image
Cornelis de Bruijn, 1714 ⤵️ Image
Image
Read 13 tweets
Ancient Iran Profile picture
Sep 15, 2024
Origin of the Sasanians?

Please forgive me, but I'm getting excited here... I may have connected some dots that were left unconnected before... Image
1: In "Ardashir and the Sasanians' Rise to Power" by Dr. @tourajdaryaee & "ReOrienting the Sasanians" by Dr. @sasanianshah I did not see these connections.

2: For some reason various sources note the name of a "Indo-Parthian" ruler as "Sasan", for example ...
Image
Image
in "Problems of Chronology in Gandhāran Art":

and "The interrelation between Indo-Parthian and Kushan chronology", 1992. This second article seems to provide some clues:

3: if the chronology @ Taxila is accepted, we in fact have an interesting... cvaonline.org/PublicFiles/me…

Image
Image
Read 9 tweets
Ancient Iran Profile picture
Sep 14, 2024
Detailed Study: Let's talk about this important motif & standard in ancient Iran 🧵⤵️ Image
Here's the deal: 1: various Iranian groups, like others in Eurasia, used various standards or banners in war

2: like others in Eurasia, Indo-European or not, Iranians valued various types of crosses for thousands of years, including the "swastika" ... 4000-3500 BCE, Susa, Louvre
3: In ancient Iran, various clans, parts of the army etc. had their own standards & symbols. But we can perhaps say 3 stand out:

1: largely in Achaemenid period; 2: with a long history
3: dragon standard: largely among eastern-northern Iranians (Sarmatians, Parthians, etc.) ...

Image
Image
Image
Read 35 tweets
Ancient Iran Profile picture
Mar 30, 2024
Rhytons are rather rare in Sasanian Iran. But one known shape shared with others in Central Asia as well is the compact horn & gazelle's head protome

This one only entered the Smithsonian in the 80s, though it was known since the 60s ... ⤵️ https://asia.si.edu/explore-art-culture/collections/search/edanmdm:fsg_S1987.33/
Based on the analysis in "Ancient Iranian metalwork in the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery and the Freer Gallery of Art" it's likely early Sasanian

In any event, similar ones were used for centuries in West & Central Asia

Partho-Sasanian rhyton, excavated @ Babylon ... Image
Rhyton in private collection, Russia ... Image
Read 7 tweets
Ancient Iran Profile picture
Jan 7, 2024
Achaemenid amphora & amphora-rhytons

Depiction: Armenian delegation, Persepolis

⤵️🧵 Image
Other depictions @ Persepolis:

1: Armenian
2: Lydian
4: Medes


Image
Image
Image
Image
Amphora with griffin handles, Karaburun ...
Image
Image
Read 15 tweets
Ancient Iran Profile picture
Sep 13, 2023
Some additional notes on Sasanian instruments, from the MP text Khosrow and Ridak:

A) This instrument is the barbat (with later changes called oud (photo 3)), not "win"/ ون, I made detailed notes on it in multiple threads



Image
Image
Image
Image
B) Some sources note "win" and "win-kenār" are types of harp, e.g.,

بررسی ابزار موسیقی دوره ی ساسانی بر پایه ی متن پهلوی خسرو قبادان و ریدگ

Although some sources note these could be instruments from India

Azarnouche translates the first 3 to French as... Image
"Le joueur de (petite) harpe, le joueur de harpe (droite?), le joueur de lyre"

C) An interesting consideration is this: could we use the maxim of interpretation/ construction Noscitur a Sociis: “know a thing by its associates”?

It would make sense for tambur and barbat Image
Read 7 tweets

Did Thread Reader help you today?

Support us! We are indie developers!

This site is made by just two indie developers on a laptop doing marketing, support and development! Read more about the story.

Become a Premium Member ($3/month or $30/year) and get exclusive features!

Become Premium

Don't want to be a Premium member but still want to support us?

Make a small donation by buying us coffee ($5) or help with server cost ($10)

Donate via Paypal

Or Donate anonymously using crypto!

Ethereum

0xfe58350B80634f60Fa6Dc149a72b4DFbc17D341E copy

Bitcoin

3ATGMxNzCUFzxpMCHL5sWSt4DVtS8UqXpi copy

Thank you for your support!

Follow Us!

Send Email!

:(