1/ What better way to end off a week of pacemakers and ICDs than recapping and revisiting our #12LeadThursday series!
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2/ Which patients get pacemakers?
Think of 2 big buckets: conduction disease and heart failure
3/ Let’s start with conduction disease!
Refresh your memory with this past byte - 80 y/o M with hx of CABG…what's the rhythm? bit.ly/40cAry0
4/ One way to think about Class I indications for pacemakers is by their relation to the AV node
5/ Now onto heart failure!
Remember this byte?! 60 y/o M with symptomatic heart failure on guideline-directed medical therapy comes into your office… bit.ly/3o7vfOz
6/ There’s three indications for CRT! Test your knowledge with this slide
7/ Let’s review! What are the PPM indications for dual chamber pacemakers?
What about BiV pacemakers?
8/ Where are the leads located for single chamber, dual chamber, and BiV pacemakers?!
9/ You can use EKGs to determine where leads are located!
Remember this byte?! New patients being admitted for heart failure… bit.ly/3UwyT0i
10/ Use this graphic to review how lead placements will show up on an EKG!
For example, if the lead is in the RV apex, the EKG will result in a LBBB-like morphology
11/ What does the following look like ECG?
- V-paced
- A-paced
- A-sensed and V-paced
- A-paced and V-paced
12/ What about monitoring?
Remember this byte? Your patient presents for routine follow up in cardiology clinic! What’s the rhythm? bit.ly/3KWgS8H
13/ Atrial activity should be assessed in all patients! Regardless of the presence of a pacemaker.
If they have an atrial arrhythmia, remember to evaluate for anticoagulation!
14/ What a packed week of pacemakers! Let’s review what we talked about:
- Pacemakers indications
- Using EKGs to determine lead location and sensing
- Monitoring patients with pacemakers
15/ Check out our latest podcast on all things pacemakers and ICDs for more information! Shoutout to @SamuelMaidman and Vorada Sakulsaengprapha for this awesome byte!
When clinicians are:
☀️ Stopped from taking what they believe to be ethically appropriate actions
☀️ Forced to take actions that are ethically inappropriate based on their professional obligations
Results in a sense of complicity & wrongdoing
3/ Moral distress occurs at:
☀️Patient or family level
☀️Unit or team level
☀️System level