Patrick Wardle Profile picture
Apr 16 โ€ข 5 tweets โ€ข 3 min read Twitter logo Read on Twitter
New Blog Post:
"The LockBit ransomware (kinda) comes for macOS": objective-see.org/blog/blog_0x75โ€ฆ ๐ŸŽ๐Ÿ”

Includes full technical analysis of LockBit's macOS arm64 variant ("locker_Apple_M1_64") + sample for download + heuristic methods of detection ๐Ÿ”ฅ

H/T @malwrhunterteam @vxunderground
First, (can't stress this enough), this variant though *compiled* for macOS is not specifically designed for macOS.

It's buggy (crashes), has an invalid signature, nor takes into account as of macOS's file-system security mechanisms.

So, impact to macOS users (for now): 0 Image
Still as noted by others, the fact that a large ransomware gang (LockBit) has apparently set its sights on macOS, should give us all pause for concern.

So, wise to dig into this (test?) sample & gain a throughout understanding of its capabilities and approaches ๐Ÿ‘พ๐Ÿ”ฌ๐Ÿ‘ฉ๐Ÿผโ€๐Ÿซ
And what about detection/protection?

Back in 2016 I published a blog titled "Towards Generic Ransomware Detection": objective-see.org/blog/blog_0x0Fโ€ฆ

...musing that maybe we could generically detect ransomware by observing the rapid creation of encrypted files by untrusted processed ๐Ÿค”
I implemented this approach in a free open-source tool called "RansomWhere?" (objective-see.org/products/ransoโ€ฆ)

And though its a bit dated (+needs some TLC), the tool had no problem generically detecting & stopping LockBit's ransomware ...even with no a priori knowledge of this threat ๐Ÿฅฐ Image

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More from @patrickwardle

Mar 30
RE: The 3CX VOIP supply chain attack, vendors have stated that macOS was also targeted - but I couldn't find any specific technical details (yet) ๐ŸŽ๐Ÿ›โ˜ ๏ธ

One vendor stated, "we cannot confirm that the Mac installer is similarly trojanized"

...let's dive in! 1/n ๐Ÿงต
We'll start with 3CXDesktopApp-18.12.416.dmg
(SHA 1: 3DC840D32CE86CEBF657B17CEF62814646BA8E98)

It contains a *notarized* app ("3CX Desktop App.app") ...meaning Apple checked it for malware "and none was detected" ๐Ÿ˜œโ˜ ๏ธ 2/n
This app is massive - 381mb ๐Ÿคฏ
...let's focus on libffmpeg.dylib
found in the App's /Contents/Frameworks/Electron\ Framework.framework/Versions/A/Libraries directory

(SHA 1: 769383fc65d1386dd141c960c9970114547da0c2)

It was submitted to VT today:
virustotal.com/gui/file/a64faโ€ฆ 3/n
Read 33 tweets
Mar 29
Ever wondered what it's like writing security tools for macOS? ๐Ÿค”

As Apple provides no official way to detect what app is using the webcam/mic, OverSight simply monitored the system log.

This was (independently) reported to Apple, who decided to assign it a CVE/patch it ๐Ÿฅฒ๐Ÿคฆ๐Ÿปโ€โ™‚๏ธ
Unfortunately this means OverSight is now broken on macOS 13.3

Apple still doesn't provide a method for security tools to determine what app is accessing the mic/camera, even after years of requesting (begging) for this capability ๐Ÿ˜ญ
There are other log msgs that can still be used (even on macOS 13.3+) to determine what App is using the mic/camera

...but I'm reluctant to update OverSight if they will just be reported and given CVEs ๐Ÿ˜‘
Read 5 tweets
Oct 10, 2022
I've just posted slides from my #OBTS v5 talk: "Making oRAT, Go" ๐ŸŽ๐Ÿ€

speakerdeck.com/patrickwardle/โ€ฆ

After creating a custom C&C server, we can uncover the malwareโ€™s full capabilities - simply by asking (tasking) the right questions! ๐Ÿคญ
1๏ธโƒฃ First, we must understand how the malware figures out how to find its C&C server - so we can coerce it to talk to our C&C instead!

As this (encrypted) info is embedded within the malware, we can write a simple decryptor/encryptor to (re)configure the malware ๐Ÿ‘พ๐Ÿ”“โœ๐Ÿผ๐Ÿ”’ โ†’ ๐Ÿ–ฅโœ…
2๏ธโƒฃ Second, we need to understand its protocol, so we can task the malware to reveal its capabilities.

A brief triage of the malware's binary shows us it sets up a local server and registers various "routes" - taskable via requests from a remote C&C server.
Read 7 tweets
Sep 21, 2021
โš ๏ธ Latest macOS 0day (credit: Park Minchan)
...bypasses File Quarantine, Gatekeeper, etc.

Advisory:
๐Ÿ“ "macOS Finder RCE" ssd-disclosure.com/ssd-advisory-mโ€ฆ

๐Ÿ˜… Confirmed Big Sur & Monterey are vulnerable

๐Ÿงฎ I've posted Park's PoC (pops Calc) if you'd like to play: objective-see.com/downloads/PoCsโ€ฆ
The PoC once downloaded still has to be manually executed by the user.

macOS should, via File Quarantine/Gatekeeper, alert/warn/block as this is an 'executable' item from the Internet.

Apple attempted to patch (blocking file:// prefix), but File:// or fIle:// still work ๐Ÿคฃ๐Ÿคฃ๐Ÿคฃ Image
โ„น๏ธ The initial patch, will as noted, block items that attempt to abuse the "file://" prefix: (but not "File://" etc.): Image
Read 4 tweets

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