Kostas Moros Profile picture
Apr 20, 2023 17 tweets 6 min read Read on X
Alright, let's talk about some of this ruling, and what it got right and wrong. Spoiler: it got most of the key questions wrong.

I am going to skip the factual and legal background sections (which tend to be the same in every such ruling) and jump right to the analysis.
What the judge did get right was that magazine are indeed arms under the Second Amendment. The idea that magazines are somehow not "arms" is something every state that bans magazines is trying to argue. I'm happy even this clearly hostile judge didn't buy this argument at least. Image
Notice the sleight of hand here. He starts with "whether the prohibited weapons are ‘typically possessed . . . for lawful purposes.” That's the correct standard for 2A protection.

But then he narrows that to JUST self-defense, which is not the only lawful purpose. Image
This seems like a dodge by the court to me, but if it is true that the Plaintiffs conceded this point too easily, they should argue it differently on summary judgment. Image
This is such ahistorical nonsense. Just look at my thread on the 19th century commentary - military small arms are MOST protected by the Second Amendment. This is a point SCOTUS will have to clarify soon, because it will keep being abused. Image
A common trend with bad-faith analyses by antigun judges is to basically sneak in barely-veiled interest balancing under the guise of a plain text analysis.

Here, this is just him saying the burden of a mag cap law is light. That's interest balancing. Image
It's also straight up nonsense because even if the test were only about self-defense, the fact remains that many popular semiauto pistols today come standard with mags over ten rounds. Thus, they are commonly *owned* for self defense, which is the test.
Wow, now he's not even trying to hide the policymaking in his ruling. Police maintaining their advantage is NOT part of the Second Amendment analysis. Maybe this judge should run for congress and write bills with police exemptions if this is what he wants to do. Image
And now, after he spent all that time magically switching the standard to commonly USED for self defense, he switches back and declares they are not typically POSSESSED for self defense. Image
This is a straight up lie. The Winchester Model 1866 was absolutely sold to civilians, and sold pretty well too.

Regardless, the model 1873 was an even bigger hit, and since the state wants to use historical analogues as laste as the 20th century, that's relevant too. Image
So? They were still a huge jump in capacity compared to the single-shot weapons that prevailed before. You could now fire as many as 16 shots before reloading. And not one state restricted these guns, nor the 5-6 shot revolvers that replaced flintlock pistols. Image
We looked at the exact same laws in Duncan. Most only applied to machine guns, and most were repealed not too long after. Image
The judge also pretended the DC law was representative, when it in fact was the outlier among these state-level machine gun capacity laws. This is from our Duncan briefing: Image
So even if 20th century history was relevant here, and it isn't, the judge is relying on a single outlier and pretending it's a historical tradition. Even TODAY the vast majority of states do not restrict magazine capacity. How can there be any historical tradition?
Repeating arms became common in the 1850s for handguns and the 1860s for rifles. Yet firearm capacity was not regulated at all until the 1930s, and even most of those laws were repealed and only applied to machine guns. There is no historical tradition of regulating capacity. Image
This is dumb. There were several more states by the 1930s compared to 1868. Six states is not a sufficient amount of states, even if the 20th century history were relevant. Image
All in all, a very disappointing ruling loaded with bad faith analysis. An antigun judge knew exactly what he was going to do before he read a single brief.

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More from @MorosKostas

Dec 30, 2025
As a bit of a sneak preview of an upcoming amicus brief, let's take a look at how much more it costs to buy a handgun in California compared to most of the rest of the country using a compact Walther PDP as an example. Image
As you can see above, a standard one with a 15 round magazine goes for $530 on Bass Pro's website.

But that website also lets you select the California-compliant model instead, which comes with the state-mandated loaded chamber indicator, magazine disconnect mechanism, and 10 round magazines. Those unwanted but required "features" turn a $530 gun into a $649 gun.Image
But we are only just getting started!

California also required a background check for every gun purchase. In most other states, that background check is free. But California charges a $31.19 Dealer Record of Sale fee, a $1 Firearms Safety Act Fee, and a $5 Safety and Enforcement fee. $37.19 in total for the background check.
Read 7 tweets
Nov 21, 2025
The Supreme Court requested a response last week in a pro se petition filed by an extremely sympathetic petitioner caught up in an interstate carry mess.

I had not heard of this case before (pro se petitions are usually DOA), but given they called for a response, I will be considering an amicus brief in this case.Image
The questions presented, if granted, would obviously be narrowed. Image
The facts. Image
Read 7 tweets
Nov 9, 2025
This article is misleading and also a masterclass in how to lie by omission. Let's break it down. Image
Two bits of background information you should know beforehand:

1. "Stand Your Ground" does one thing, and one thing only: it gets rid of any duty to retreat before lawful self-defense. Every other element of self-defense must still be present before you resort to lethal force, or you are going to prison. It mainly serves to stop asshole prosecutors from second-guessing whether you "could have run away instead" in a life-or-death situation.

2. Stand Your Ground is the law in most of the country, including many Democrat states like California and Colorado. Varying levels of duty to retreat basically only exist in the Northeast at this point, plus Minnesota. Wisconsin and Nebraska have their own hybrids too. The rest of the country has Stand Your Ground either by statute or via common law.Image
The article begins with a double-lie:

"In 30 states, it often requires only a claim you killed while protecting yourself or others."

First of all, it's not 30 states, it's more like 40. But we can already see where they are going: trying to obfuscate about the blue states that also have SYG via common law, to make this about the "bad" progun red states.

Second, it's not true that it only requires a "claim", you must have all the elements of self-defense. Sure, sometimes the facts can be murky, especially if the only other witness is dead, but that's the case with any self-defense claim.
Read 16 tweets
Nov 8, 2025
This bit right here is completely outrageous to me. It is absolutely preposterous for a judge to redirect federal spending against what congress appropriated it for.

Why even have a separation of powers? Hell, the judge may as well order Congress to end the shutdown on his precise terms. What would be the difference? He is already taking over the power of the purse with this order.Image
I don't even think it was right for the judge to order the spending of the very limited contingency funds, as judges should not get to decide how money designated for an emergency gets spent.

However, at least that point was arguable. The further step he took was baseless and constitution-torching.
I hope the Supreme Court intervenes on this. I wish @AGPamBondi and team the best of luck.

Shutdowns are a high-stakes political game. If you are going to keep the government shutdown, it can't be the case that you get to run to courts and have your priorities ordered to be funded.

Congress has not appropriated more money for SNAP. The program basically doesn't exist until they do. Federal judges should not get to order it back into existence.

As the left likes to say, NO KINGS!
Read 6 tweets
Oct 20, 2025
California just filed its opposition to the cert petition in Duncan, let's see what they argue. A thread on the brief.Image
"May acquire as many approved firearms as they want" is a funny point, because it has only been true for a few months since California lost in Nguyen. California was trying to limit us to one gun per month.Image
As is always the case, antigunners want very expansive definitions of mass shootings EXCEPT when arguing to uphold AWBs and mag limits, then all of a sudden they want to limit it to the worst (and most rare) mass shootings. The GVA definition goes out the window immediately. Image
Read 15 tweets
Oct 1, 2025
This local news segment is funny because Sheriff Luna ADMITS they have been making people wait too long, while in their official PR statements, they are denying that.

He says:

"I wish we didn't have to make people wait too long, but we've got to do it right, I don't want to be issuing CCWs to people who shouldn't have them."Image
Also, his point is nonsense.

He could simply require a livescan and a training course, and skip the rest. That's what every other state does (some don't even have the training course) and yet they have no issue with people with CCW permits committing lots of crimes. In fact, they rarely ever do.
Read 4 tweets

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