Thread by @BhandarkarI

6 Sources of Knowledge According to Ancient Indian Philosophies

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A Brief Thread on Pramana-s (Sources or Evidence of Knowledge)

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Pratyakṣa (Perception)

This is the most direct form of knowledge, obtained through the five senses (sight, hearing, taste, smell, touch) or the mind. It's considered to be the most immediate and reliable source of knowledge. #Pratyaksha #Perception

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Anumāna (Inference):

Inference is the process of deriving conclusions based on perceived evidence or premises.

It's a critical tool for developing knowledge when direct perception isn't possible and is widely used in philosophical debates. #Anumana #Inference

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Śabda (Verbal Testimony):

Words or statements from trustworthy sources, such as scriptures or reliable individuals, are considered valid knowledge.

This pramana is crucial in preserving and transmitting knowledge across generations. #Shabda #VerbalTestimony

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Upamāna (Comparison):

This is the process of understanding or acquiring knowledge through comparison or analogy.

It's helpful in learning about the unknown by relating it to the known. #Upamana #Comparison

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Arthāpatti (Postulation):

This pramana involves drawing conclusions based on circumstances or situations that cannot be explained otherwise.

It's used to bridge gaps in knowledge when other sources don't provide a satisfactory explanation. #Arthapatti #Postulation

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Anupalabdhi (Non-apprehension):

This source of knowledge focuses on the absence or non-existence of something. It's useful in understanding the non-occurrence of an event or the non-existence of an object, which can provide valuable insights #Anupalabdhi #NonApprehension

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These 6 pramana-s serve as the foundational framework of ancient Indian philosophies i.e. Darshana-s.

They provide a dynamic and pervasive framework to make sense of the world and the society that we inhabit.

bharatvidya.in/p/fa0495

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