The Rational Walk Profile picture
May 6, 2023 13 tweets 5 min read Read on X
1) The avg cost of auto insurance is now >$2K/year. Median earnings of full time workers is $1,100/week. It's a big expense.

GEICO and Progressive have been fierce competitors for decades and are now tied in the #2 position behind State Farm.

$BRKA $BRKB $PGR #Berkshire2023 Image
2) Progressive has recently picked up market share and was 2nd in terms of written premiums while GEICO was 2nd in earned premiums in 2022 according to the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. Image
3) Both Progressive and GEICO have posted excellent long term financial results, with GEICO only posting two years of underwriting losses since 2001 and Progressive never posting an annual loss over 22 years. Impressive to say the least. Image
4) GEICO consistently runs at a lower expense ratio and a higher loss ratio than Progressive.

In 2020, loss ratios plummeted industrywide as the pandemic reduced miles driven. However, expense ratios were boosted by rebates to drivers.
5) In 2021 and 2022, inflation became a major issue. The cost of repairs increased and used car prices skyrocketed. This chart is from an article I wrote in August 2022. rationalwalk.substack.com/p/the-automobi… Image
6) Starting in Q3 2021, GEICO began posting underwriting losses as the loss ratio skyrocketed, partly offset by a declining expense ratio. This is from an article on Berkshire's Q3 results. rationalwalk.substack.com/p/a-closer-loo… Image
7) Progressive has performed better over the past year. They report monthly results and the table below shows the past year. Image
8) Conventional wisdom is that Progressive's use of telematics (most notably in-car technology that measures risk) has allowed management to do a better job of matching rate to risk.

Ajit Jain agreed about PGR's lead in telematics at last year's Berkshire Annual Meeting. Image
9) However, Progressive's recent results indicate some trouble on rates. The company posted adverse prior year development of $621.2 million in Q1 boosting combined ratio to 99%. The CEO cited inflation as a primary factor in the Q3 earnings call. Image
10) Progressive significantly boosted policies in force during Q1 along with advertising spending.

But they might have overshot on customer acquisition while letting rates fall behind inflation.

Progressive plans to curtail ad spend in the coming months. Image
11) Progressive's CEO CEO went on to say that they would take aggressive action on rate increases. Image
12) Ajit Jain and Warren Buffett will no doubt get questions about GEICO at the Berkshire Hathaway annual meeting today.

For more thoughts on the GEICO/Progressive rivalry, please read my article posted yesterday:
rationalwalk.substack.com/p/progressive-…
13) If you are particularly interested in Progressive, I wrote a lengthy report (PDF/Excel downloads) in December 2022 which is free to read.
rationalwalk.substack.com/p/the-progress…

/end

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More from @rationalwalk

Jun 28, 2024
It is very uncommon to reach old age without some cognitive decline. Buffett and Munger are extreme exceptions because they started at a high baseline and remained so active.

Millions of Americans have seen in their own families what we all saw in the very sad debate last night.
And anyone who reacted with glee rather than sadness, at both a human level and much more so for our country, needs to engage in some serious self examination. This is a terrible and very dangerous state of affairs. For the good of the country, the President should step aside.
This situation was cruel and avoidable. How did Biden’s family allow it to happen?

I suspect that the early debate was accepted knowing that it would permit a pretext for a switch. Six months ago, the people could have chosen the D nominee. Now it will be a backroom deal.
Read 5 tweets
May 9, 2024
The word “ideology” is vilified but the reality is that when a politician has no ideology other than his desire to stay in power, we get situations like we have today. Almost all modern politicians are power hungry but many still are ready to lose rather than dishonor themselves.
Politicians who have no core principles, and this is prevalent on both sides of our political chasm, will commit all sorts of sins to cling to power above all else. For what purpose? Their insatiable pride, their ego, their hatred of others, often desire to ultimately cash in.
Our current politics attracts the worst of the worst of society because the country itself has been corrupted, not quickly but slowly over decades. The entire post WWII period has been a slow descent and today we see the ultimate result of that descent over 80 years.
Read 4 tweets
May 5, 2024
Do people realize how remarkable it is for a 93 year old man to sit on a stage in front of thousands of people and speak about complex topics for 5 hours? Most 63 year old men could not do this. Part of Buffett's health is due to never retiring. You have to stay mentally active.
If you are retired, especially if you are in the "FIRE" community (as I am) and left regular employment decades before 65, you MUST find something to engage your intellect or you will lose it.

This is a critical health issue. Both mental and physical health depend on activity.
I would NOT advise most people to retire early. I left regular employment at age 35. Through writing I have remained mentally active, although there were periods in the mid '10s when I barely wrote. The topic does not matter as much as doing something that is of genuine interest.
Read 5 tweets
Jan 19, 2024
There are several "mini-Berkshires". The key question for each one of them is whether they are likely to compound wealth at a faster rate than the original Berkshire. I question whether this is true even without considering the question of risk and internal diversification.
I've owned two companies often thought to be mini-Berkshires. $L for several years in the early '10s and $MKL from 2011-23. It's not easy to beat $BRKB. Image
Markel did better for the first several years I owned it and then badly underperformed for various reasons, many of them legitimate lapses in the insurance business. I sold the last of my shares in early 2023. Like and respect management, but why should I own it rather than BRK?
Read 4 tweets
Jan 5, 2024
A Man For All Markets

I first read Ed Thorp's autobiography in early 2017 and it made a huge impression at the time so I wrote down my thoughts. I recently revisited my notes. Here are some key take-aways from the book:

1) Thorp's early experiences in Las Vegas were crazy. In 1963, he was part of a team of six that pretended not to know each other and sat down at the baccarat tables at the Dunes Casino. He ended up doing so well that the pit boss drugged his coffee! Later, the brakes on his car mysteriously failed. Wild stuff!

2) Thorp gained an edge in blackjack with a card counting method. He proved the theory through hands-on methods in Reno and published his findings in a book, Beat the Dealer, which is still read by gamblers today.

3) Roulette was a bigger challenge. To gain an edge, Thorp collaborated with Claude Shannon to build the first wearable computer. It was intended to provide the user with an edge in roulette. The computer was conceived in 1955 and tested in Las Vegas in 1961. Some technical problems prevented serious betting but it was a success and unveiled to the public in 1961.

4) Thorp turned his attention to a bigger casino: Wall Street. At least on Wall Street, no one would doctor his drinks or mess with his car's braking system. Thorp read Graham and Dodd but also immersed himself in technical analysis. Early forays were not satisfactory but he kept at it and eventually struck gold ...

5) Common stock warrants proved to be fertile ground for Thorp. He came up with a mathematical model to detect mispricing of warrants relative to the underlying common stock. By purchasing the relatively underpriced security and shorting the relatively overvalued security, he scored profits. Thorp wrote another book, Beat the Market, to explain his strategy.

6) Thorp came up with the math behind the Black-Scholes model before Black and Scholes who were partly motivated by reading Beat the Market. Thorp was, at heart, a mathematician and academic and shared his ideas, perhaps a bit too freely. Otherwise, the Black-Scholes option pricing model may today be known as the Thorp-Black-Scholes model.

7) Meeting Warren Buffett. Thorp met Warren Buffett in 1969 when a dean at U.C. Irvine asked Warren Buffett to vet Thorp. The dean was receiving a distribution from the liquidation of the Buffett Partnership and wanted to know what Buffett thought of Thorp's warrant strategy. Buffett must have been impressed enough because the dean invested additional funds with Thorp.

8) Princeton Newport Partners. Thorp remained an academic through the 1970s but his income from investments eventually grew larger than his salary. Princeton Newport was Thorp's investment vehicle and he eventually gave up academia and devoted all his time to investing in the early 1980s. From November 1, 1969 through 1988, Princeton Newport returned 19.1% before fees and 15.1% after fees compared to 10.2% for the S&P 500. Importantly, this was accomplished with far lower volatility than the S&P 500.

9) Thorp and Madoff. In the early 1990s, Thorp was asked to evaluate Madoff's fund for a client. He was stonewalled by the Madoffs, but eventually discovered that the returns claimed by Madoff were impossible and that the trades reported by Madoff could not have possibly happened since they exceeded the volume for the market for certain securities. Thorp made it known that Madoff was a fraud but the establishment simply ignored his warnings.

10) Personal Finance. The book ends with a section on personal finance because Thorp felt strongly that lack of education in this area is a major problem for society. This was an unusual ending to an autobiography, but one that I think can be helpful for many readers.

A few years ago, I saw an interview of Ed Thorp who was in his late 80s at the time but appeared to be a man in his 60s. Thorp seems to have cracked the code of how to live a good life. His autobiography is essential reading for investors but also for anyone with a sense curiosity regarding a fascinating and well-lived life. Ed Thorp is now 91 years old.Image
This is the interview I mentioned:

I would also recommend this episode of @FoundersPodcast which is a discussion of the autobiography:

founders.simplecast.com/episodes/my-pe…
Read 4 tweets
Jan 1, 2024
I have questioned the wisdom of a 4% withdrawal rate for early retirees (FIRE) and recommended 3% or less, especially for retirees in their 30s or 40s. At fifty, my projected withdrawal rate for 2024 is only 1.6% of liquid assets, on a trajectory to be less than 1% by my sixties.
Some might say that I'm underspending my potential. All I can say is that, given my current life circumstances, I cannot spend more money in a way that will add meaningful utility. It would only be a waste. I live modestly and like it that way.
I also know all too well the problems that can come with old age. My priority is to preserve health and well being as long as possible (using Peter Attia's blueprint) but if the day comes when 24/7 care is needed, it'll be at home, not in any institution. The money will be there.
Read 4 tweets

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