2/ What is WASM?
WebAssembly (WASM) is a widely adopted virtual machine that revolutionizes web development. Its exceptional efficiency, portability, and compatibility with popular programming languages have endeared it to developers worldwide.
3/ It was developed collaboratively by Google, Mozilla, Microsoft, and Apple and has become a popular technology for building high-performance web applications. By compiling and directly executing on hardware, WASM offers remarkable performance enhancements
4/ ZKWasm is an innovative technology that empowers developers to craft zero-knowledge applications using their preferred programming language and deploy them across WebAssembly (wasm) supported environments
5/ ZKWasm enables developers to verify the correctness of executed computations without the need for re-execution. By leveraging ZKWasm, developers gain the flexibility to build ZKP applications using a wide range of programming languages
6/ These applications can then be seamlessly executed in web browsers. zkWASM offers diverse use cases such as oracles, off-chain computation, automation, bridging Web2 and Web3, and generating proofs for machine learning and data processing
7/ As adoption grows, zkWASM will scale the possibilities of Web3 and welcome Web2 developers into this transformative landscape
8/ @DelphinusLab is leading an open source ZKWasm implementation. They provide a WASM ZK virtual machine as a seamless replacement for current WASM runtime for generic applications
9/ With Delphinus Lab's ZKWasm implementation, developers can leverage the power of zero-knowledge proofs to enhance the security and privacy of their applications, paving the way for a more trustworthy and decentralized digital landscape
10/ Delphinuslab zkWASM is so far the only fully implemented and open sourced WASM zkVM that supports WASM bytecode. V1 is released on github.com/DelphinusLab/z…
11/ Their refined arithmetic design for zkWASM in halo2 with previous explanation at
12/ There are already several teams are using ZKWasm to build innovative applications. For example, @HyperOracle is using it to build a programmable zkOracle network
13/ During #ZKSummit9, the founder of @DelphinusLab@sinka2022 shared about how to bring together ZK VMs and WASM for innovative web3 applications, such as on-chain gaming
14/ @zkwasm is a new L2 that leverages a zkWASM Virtual Machine to provide a trustworthy, generic multichain execution layer for all chains. It replicates the WASM environment as a rollup and allows developers to build on it as they would on EVM chains medium.com/@0xwasm/wasm0-…
15/ Challenges lie ahead for ZKWasm despite its promise. One key hurdle is performance, as ZKP schemes must be optimized for client-side apps. By enhancing efficiency, ZKWasm can become a practical choice for developers
16/ @icme_app is trying to optimize performance challenges in ZKWasm. They're exploring alternative ZKP schemes like SuperNova, a folding ZKP scheme, to boost efficiency. Their founder @wyatt_benno wrote a great thread to explain folding scheme
17/ @icme_app also dives into recursive ZKP schemes and CPU-friendly fields, like Plonky2 with FRI, to make ZKWasm efficient enough for client-side applications
18/ In summary, zkWASM is a possible technology innovation to lead the charge in blockchain mass adoption by building high-performance, interoperable applications that open Web3 to a new world. Let's unlock a new era of possibilities together!
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1/ The Fundamental Introduction of Proof Aggregation:
What is proof aggregation?
2/ When we evaluate zk-SNARKs, there are three different metrics to compare,
- Prover time
- Verifier time
- Proof length
To optimize zk-SNARKs on blockchain, capability of proof aggregation is another important thing to evaluate. So why is proof aggregation so important?
3/
- Multiple proofs are combined by creating a new proof.The resulting proof can then be verified in a single step. This can reduce the computational burden caused by multiscalar multiplications (MSM) and elliptic curve pairings on the verifier.