From initial "proof of concept" demo in 2020 with first gen #Leonidas High Power Microwave system to fully developing & demonstrating a rugged, deployable #HPM CUAS solution (gen3), Epirus has leaped past established defense primes in supplying operational #HPM systems to the DOD
Epirus leveraged its smart power management experience to focus on Solid State #GaN#HPM which was a deviation from what its competitors delivered. While they missed out on initial competitions, their core tech has far ⬆️ capability & flexibility.
With its #Leonidas solution having evolved from a technology proof of concept system to a ruggedized, higher perf system that was ready for user evaluations, Leonidas was showcased to the US Army's Joint Counter-small Unmanned Aircraft Systems Office during live demonstrations.
Earlier this year, the US Army selected Epirus's Gallium Nitride powered #Leonidas solution over six other #HPM systems it evaluated for its Indirect Fire Protection Capability's HPM layer. The $66 MM contract funds the first four systems which to be delivered this year.
The inherent scalability of the #Leonidas design allows it to be adapted across multiple applications. Epirus has leveraged its basic LRAM building blocks to build a pod mounted Leonidas solution, and has integrated its Leonidas array on the Stryker to support maneuver forces.
While Leonidas is directed towards the Counter small UAS mission, the scalability of the design allows for it to grow in size, power and performance. Presently, the USAF's #CHIMERA is the only known program focusing on longer ranged #HPM engagements of more stressing threats.
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In the coming months, the US Army will receive an initial batch of 16 Indirect Fire Protection Capability INC 2 #EnduringShield launchers & AIM-9X II missiles. These organically IBCS compatible launchers will be the Cruise Missile Defense component of Army's IAMD system.
Once fielded, they will be on the Army's Integrated Fire Control Network, using relays to extend coverage area. Together with PATRIOT launchers, #LTAMDS & Sentinel A4 radars, they will be part of a broader layered missile defense architecture operating on a shared C2 & network.
Enduring Shield kinetic launchers will be networked with the Directed Energy components of IFPC. Currently, the Army is fabricating the first 4 300kW High Energy Laser systems to support CRAM, UAS, and Cruise Missile missions. IFPC-HPM is adding a High Power Microwave DE layer.
I often see PAC3 CRI & the PAC3 MSE being used interchangeably. They are very different. The MSE introduces a higher performance, dual pulse, 11-inch SRM, improved LE, more responsive control surfaces, & guidance upg. Overall, it's more agile, faster, with ⬆️ engagement envelope.
These enhancements 👆are significant enough that MSE's performance agains TBM's is presently limited by the capability of the current #PATRIOT RS. That's why the Army has delivered the THAAD-MSE capability allowing MSE to maximize its envelope. #LTAMDS allow's the same to AIAMD.
The larger MSE missile reduces the launcher magazine size from 16 CRI PAC-3 rounds to 12 PAC-3 MSE missiles. This will likely change once the PATRIOT launcher is replaced but but the current launcher allows for a mix MSE and CRI loadout of 14 missiles 👇
“Minimal”damage to an undisclosed element of the system given the threat that presented last night would be a truly remarkable achievement if true. This after Russia has publicly stated that it targeted the AD systems specifically with Kinzhal, cruise missiles and drones.
This is the cost imposition they I expected Patriot to allow during my previous threads (old account). While Ukraine will never have enough Air Defense, this diverts precious Russian resources to overcoming them vs being used elsewhere.
This also (re) validates the US Army’s insistence of large loaded magazines for its fixed / semi-fixed air defense needs. For both Cruise Missile Defense / C-UAS and Ballistic Missile Defense. PATRIOT, THAAD and soon IFPC meet or exceed this attribute relative to their peers.
The 🇺🇸 Army is presently in the middle of its phased approach to reconstituting its maneuver SHORAD capability. This consists fielding 3 MSHORAD Increments. 🧵👇
Inc 1 focuses on kinetic (30 mm Prox + Stinger missiles) low-altitude air threats to include FW, RW, & G-3 UAS.
Increment 2, is currently being put through its paces with the US Army's 4-60ADAR fielding the system. It consists of a 50kw High Energy Laser combined with EO/IR and RF sensors. Inc 2 focuses on G-1, 2 and 3 UAS, RW & RAM threats
The Increment 3 effort is presently focused on upgrading the kinetic Inc. 1 system with more capable weapons, sensor enhancements, and 2nd gen 30 mm multi-mode prox munition.
The Palletized Field Artillery launcher #PFAL seems perfect for NATO and particularly 🇺🇸🇬🇧 🇩🇪collaboration. This could be something rapidly pursued and fielded as the US Army has already done initial design, prototype production & initial testing.
(Notional art via US Army)
I had a few 🧵about #PFALS on my previous a/c. The launcher consists of an erectable palletized mechanical structure, FCS , Power Management System. and is capable of firing all current Multiple Launch Rocket System Family of Munitions & missiles including GMLRS/ER & PrSM.
One big advantage of PFALS is its cost effectiveness & scalability. It being compatible with the Palletized Load System means that there are endless possibilities with pre-positioned stockpiles & turning PLS into field artillery launchers as needed. It also complicates targeting.
This is an important point. While attention is usually focused on a new interceptor, its performance & potential, what often gets overlooked is the incremental enhancements made to the overall system to prepare for the new missile, or to keep pace with the threat. See 📸👇
👆was published in the mid 1990s just as PATRIOT was preparing to introduce the PAC-3. As included in the paper, at the time, one of the biggest gains was the ability to emplace launchers up to 30 km from the RS. The Army's IAMD-BCS #IBCS extends that to 150 km via IFCN relays.
Wish I could share some of my past threads on this capability. Here's a snippet of what this capability (IBCS / IFCN relays) does to Army's Air and Missile Defense capability. A-IAMD is essentially fully replacing PATRIOT. I'll post more below.