It is fitting that this issues is being published soon after the passing of Dr. Marty Samuels. Among his many gifts, he was a clinical virtuoso at the intersection of medical and neurological illness. Neurocardioloy, neurohematology, neuronephrology, neurorheumatology...
In defining these fields, he brought the best out of all of us... stressing holistic patient care, collaboration, and curiosity. He imbued us with a passion for caring for conditions that fell between subspecialty cracks. I am so grateful to have learned from him...
He would have loved this issue of Continuum and no doubt would have referenced (or even argued) a nuanced point at his next Neurology Report with @Tracey1milligan . I will always treasure the complimentary email he sent me re: my first paper on his favorite topic: #Takotsubo
1/11 A few years ago, I took care of two young women (some details changed) with similar scans… a brief thread about how MRI can shape a Ddx… but first a poll: Which lesions can restrict diffusion?
2/ Yes… all of these lesions can restrict diffusion. For more info on restricted diffusion see tweets 9-18 in this wonderful tweetorial from @teachplaygrub:
3/So some brief history about the 2 pts. First patient presented to another hospital months ago with R-sided hemiparesis and dysarthria. CSF showed elevated protein but no pleocytosis. Treated several times with steroids with transient improvement but has clinically progressed.
1/ Do you take care of pts with aneurysmal SAH (aSAH)? How many of them experience vasospasm (VSP) / delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI)? A thread on pathophysiology and novel strategies
2/ Radiographic VSP complicates up to 70% of cases of aSAH and DCI occurs in 20-30% of cases of aSAH…. But… 14% develop infarctions without vasospasm… and nimodipine improves outcomes but not VSP ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/ST…
@UMDNeurosurgery's Dr. Aldrich post hoc analysis shows thick (≥ 4mm) and diffuse (≥ 3 basal cisterns) SAH independently predicts vasospasm-related morbidity and poor 12-wk outcomes. thejns.org/view/journals/…
@claassen_jan used Hijdra grade 3 (completely fills a cistern) to define "thick blood" in Fisher scale revisited paper + showed additive effect of b/l IVH. ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/hs…
Dr. Jen Frontera, using data from tirilazad RCTs, showed that thick blood and IVH predict symptomatic vasospasm, but did not have explicit definitions for thin/thick and scored IVH as simply present/absent.pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16823296/
1/ A trainee approached me re: a "hypothetical" case. A patient p/w acute weakness 90 min after onset of R arm/leg without other neuro deficits. The neurology consultant advised IV tPA after CT/CTA head and neck showed no hemorrhage (and also no LVO). The ED attending balked.
2/ Trainee's ?: Can you have a stroke with only motor involvement? Can you have a stroke that causes weakness of the arm and leg, but not the face?... a short tweetorial
3/ C. Miller Fisher described several lacunar stroke syndromes, including pure motor hemiparesis (PMH). He found the most common anatomical locations responsible for PMH (based on autopsy studies) to be the internal capsule and basis pontis. jamanetwork.com/journals/jaman…
Nice study on Thrombocytopenia and Clinical Outcomes in Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Helps further delineate risks for poor outcome after ICH among patients on antiplatelet agents. ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.11…
Over 1/2 of U.S. adults over 45 take antiplatelet agents (APA). ajpmonline.org/article/S0749-…. Studies show disparate results when investigating effect of APA on outcome. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000231842.32153.74
doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000196991.03618.31
Plt transfusion is common for APA associated ICH, but not show to improve outcomes. PATCH study actually showed worse outcomes in patients who received platelets.
We recently published our first paper sharing validity evidence for the development of neurological emergency simulations for assessment. Are you familiar with forms of validity evidence? If you are an educator, you should be! A thread… rdcu.be/ceMm3
Steven Downing wrote a fantastic review on validity as it pertains to assessment in medical education. Let’s review the highlights! pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14506816/
As Downing states, validity is the sine qua non of assessment. It is approached as a hypothesis. No assessment is “valid” or “invalid” -> assessments have scores with more or less validity evidence to support interpretations.