Achaemenid Royal Audience Scene, inside shield of Persian soldier on so-called 'Alexander Sarcophagus'
4th C BCE, from Sidon, @ Istanbul Archaeology Museums, Photos: Fluorescent UV & Reconstruction
⤵️
An older drawing without some of the details (1);
There are parallels, precedents to #Achaemenid royal scenes in Assyrian, Elamite, other Near Eastern art. Drawing in photo 2 for example is likely of an older, Elamite seal which continued to be used in Achaemenid court
⤵️
We see examples of this royal audience scene @ Persepolis, here reconstructed from the fuller image @ Apadana, and another modern recreation @ Zinat al-Molk House
⤵️
A more condensed version is also @ door jambs of the 100 Column Hall, Persepolis
Also see: Le roi imaginaire; An Audience with the Achaemenid King (2005), by Dr. Lindsay Allen @vastarchive among other papers on this subject
⤵️
The audience scene, in its more formal manner & also more informal, was used on seals & other media across the Achaemenid empire
See these examples, 4 now @ Buffalo
⤵️
al Thani Collection unprovenanced object with a similar scene (cropped)
⤵️
Seal from Daskyleion, inscribed "Artaxerxes"
⤵️
The unprovenanced seal now @ Louvre shares some of the features and is of a royal woman in an "audience scene"
⤵️
And the lower part of "funerary stele of Djedherbes from Saggara", now @ Cairo also shares some of the features, albeit in the less formal, banquet context and not the v formal royal audience scene.
• • •
Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to
force a refresh
Treatment of dogs was very different in ancient Iran. They were considered beneficial, helpful animals and were to be treated well.
Photo: Persian hound or Saluki, 16th C CE
⤵️🧵
I started this research to show Simurgh should not be called the "dog-bird". Along the way, I found ancient & modern breeds across the Near East and Central Asia regions, with a lot of continuity
For example see these Assyrian (1-3) & old Babylonian examples (@britishmuseum)
likely hounds and the last one in the last tweet being an older type of mastiff
Some references from Parthian era: we can certainly assume the colours did not change in Sasanian era, and like many other ways, the same colours were used later on as well
Ref 1: Parthian era textile with colours like purple