In 1987, the CIA partnered with the legendary 160th Special Operations Aviation Group, or "Night Stalkers", to steal a Soviet Mi-25 Hind-D helicopter to determine whether a direct counter or competitor needed to be developed. It was dubbed "Operation Mount Hope III".
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An opportunity presented itself during the Chadian-Libyan war, when it was discovered that a Mi-25 with Libyan markings had been left behind on Chad's territory, stranded in Ouadi Doum alongside a "trove" of artillery, vehicles, and weapons.
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With the support of France, which was backing the Chadian government at the time, the US hatched a plan - they would steal the Mi-25 in the middle of the night, using CH-47 Chinook helicopters. Libyan forces were still active in the area, necessitating secrecy of the op.
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On June 11th 1987, the day after their helicopters were unloaded from the C-5 Galaxy that had transported them, Night Stalker pilots flew 500 miles to their target through the night - while being escorted by French Mirage F.1 fighter jets & supported with a C-130 for fueling.
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The 160th arrived on site, and Chalk 1 (one of the two Chinooks) secured the site & their prize Hind for extraction, while Chalk 2 hovered above to maintain awareness & await the sling-load to complete.
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En route back to base with Hind in tow, the pilots encountered a vicious sandstorm and flew through near-zero visibility. They reportedly flew at speeds less than 50 MPH and within visual sight of each other, all while managing their sling-loaded prize.
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Regardless of the conditions, they arrived safely at their destination. After a 20 minute pause for the weather to pass, they began loading everything into 2 waiting C-5 aircraft. Both C-5's were back in the United States within 36 hours.
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In total, the American force spent less than 70 hours in Chad before returning to the United States. Mount Hope III was one of the first (if not THE first) major operations for the 160th using Chinooks, which proves it's worth to this day.
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I suspect many are aware of this story, but it's still a fascinating one! I tried to condense this complicated operation into a few tweets, so please feel free to add in any other details you find interesting or I missed.
Fort Benning was named after Confederate general Henry Benning.
He bitterly opposed the emancipation of slaves, once saying he'd rather be stricken with pestilence and famine than see slaves become citizens.
He & his troops surrendered at Appomattox Court House in 1865.
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It's name was changed to Fort Moore in honor of Lieutenant General Harold "Hal" Moore and his wife, Julia Compton Moore.
He was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross for "extraordinary heroism" at the Battle of la Drag Valley.
Julia was "instrumental in the creation of the casualty notification team, having accompanied the telegrams that were normally delivered to households alerting family members of casualty."
Very interesting read on Soviet combat engineering & river crossing tactics. A few things stuck out to me based on casual observations of the war in Ukraine.
Some of the more recent pontoon bridging examples seen in Kursk & elsewhere did not seem to follow their own established doctrines - many of these attempts appeared extraordinarily hasty but also completely unsupported. Is this indicative of an atrophy in engineer training?
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This could also simply be a side effect of Ukraine achieving surprise. From the Russian point of view, a few hastily assembled pontoons sent to the bottom are a suitable tradeoff for evacuating armor & men from encirclement - assuming they make their escape.
What has sometimes been described "largest shipwreck in the Western Hemisphere" is in the United States, but perhaps not where you think.
It is not off the coast of the Carolinas, or Florida, though. It instead sits roughly 30 miles south of Washington D.C.
It is the "Ghost Fleet of the Potomac" at Mallows Bay.
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By the year 1917, Europe was still fully engaged in the First World War. At the time, the Germans were sinking over 200 ships a month - or one out of every four leaving England.
U.S. President Woodrow Wilson, having just declared war on Germany, decided one of his first acts would be to embark on a massively ambitious shipbuilding program - 1000 steamships in just 18 months.
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This was no limited effort: nearly 200 companies in over 20 states took part in the efforts, competing against each other to see who could build the most in the shortest period of time.
One ship, the 290ft/88m "Aberdeen", was built and put to sea just 17.5 days after construction began.
In the spring of 1864, General Ulysses S Grant began his "Overland Campaign", an ambitious attempt to end the war by destroying the Army of Northern Virginia, led by Robert E Lee, and take the Confederate capital of Richmond. By June, however, Union assaults and attempts to outmaneuver Lee's forces had failed, resulting in a stalemate.
Grant decided on another ambitious plan: Union Army engineers would conduct one of the most consequential bridging operations in early modern military history.
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In order to starve out the entrenched Confederate forces defending Richmond, Grant set his sights on the city of Petersburg, Virginia - 20 miles south of Richmond. Petersburg served as a vital commercial and transportation hub for the Confederate military.
In order to achieve this, however, Grant would have to cross the James River - all the while masking his true intentions.
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Fortunately, the Engineers of the Union Army were experienced. Since the beginning of the campaign, they had already built 38 separate pontoon bridges, with an aggregate length of 6,458 feet.
Major Nathaniel Michler, acting chief engineer of the Army of the Potomac, later commented:
“The facility, ease and promptness with which a thoroughly trained body of engineer troops can accomplish such important duties, also bear testimony to the zeal, energy, and ability displayed by both officers and men, and to the important services rendered by this arm of the service, not only during the weary marches of a long and trying campaign, but also in the preparation and execution of the more tedious [later] operations of the siege [of Petersburg].”