This result could be very big news, and overnight revolutionize all of electronics and energy. It might not.
Here's a mental model for the non-expert to understand what's going on.
RTAPS: The good, the bad, and the ugly: 🧵
Summary
The good: There's some plausibility here, and if so, it's game-changing
The bad: Reasonable chance this is a similar but different physical property
The ugly: Their plots, and engineering usefulness
Let me explain:
The Good:
Lee-Kim-Kwon (LKK) use familiar materials, Cuprates, and measures some key metrics of a room-temp superconductivity (SC):
- Zero-resistivity
- Critical current
- Critical magnetic field
- Meissner effect
For context, past progress was measured by successively higher temperatures using new kinds of materials. LKK result does fit the rough trend of increasing temperatures, but, they do it at ambient pressure.
The highest-temperature results before were at >1 million atmospheres
To understand, think of electrons normally bouncing off everything as they fall, plinko-style; in SC they glide smoothly. To make electrons glide, either you cool them down a lot, or squeeze them together.
Therefore you can sort of just trade pressure for temperature
The key difference in LKK paper is this: the channel for letting electrons glide doesn't come from low temp, or by squeezing together.
It comes from an internal tension that forms as the material forms, just like the tempered glass of a car windshield.
LKK hypothesis that copper atoms are percolating into the crystal and replacing lead atoms, and this creates a structural shrinkage of ~0.5% and produces internal strains, creating this smooth-electron-channel
Good: Plausible materials, fits an overall trend, easy to reproduce
The bad:
Normally the superconducting transition temperature is predicted by measuring heat capacity versus temperature. This is the Debye Temp.
TKK say they can't measure this, because the usual theories of SC don't explain their sample: a lil bit sus
There's two two papers published, which present results in different ways, using different scalings. One result seems almost unphysical altogether.
Normally SC's perfectly repel magnetic field, or have a diamagnetism of -1. These guys report it as -154
A 'super diamagnetic' could also weakly levitate itself above a large permanent magnet, like what the authors video shows.
There's some reason for caution here, but this could also boil down to non-standard presentation of results and genuine impurities in the sample
The ugly:
Some of their plots.
More seriously, there's really three numbers that are relevant for superconductors in engineering practice:
Current density, magnetic field, and temperature.
You can think of it as your 'magnet budget' that you get to spend on either high current density, high magnetic fields, or high temperature. There are limits too - you need to stay well below Tc, and, pushing the limits will burn out your magnets by 'quenching' them
If you want to design a magnetic confinement fusion reactor, you need a balance of all three: magnets that can withstand their own high field, be compact, and not require too much cooling
LKK haven't put out a full set of numbers on critical current density, just total current, so its hard to compare. However, magnets for fusion have to withstand fields of ~10 Tesla or more, or about 300x the fields that kill off SC in their samples
That being said, the temperatures these operate at are enormous by comparison. In Fusion, the magnet-killer is the neutron heat flux that escapes through the reactor walls and heats up your coils.
Heat-resistant coils would still make my job 10x easier
The net-net:
No champagne yet, but watch closely - this would be a serious game changer in things like power transmission, energy storage, and future-tech like quantum computers, fusion energy, mag-lev trains.
The greatest crime against humanity in history was committed in broad daylight.
+ Seven million dead
+ 70% of the world population injected
+ Civil liberties suspended
+ 13 trillion $ printed
+ Inflation and economic destruction
+ Intentional cover-up
Send them to the Hague
This is more spending than all major wars the US was involved in, combined. A death toll greater than the Holocaust.
Is this a conspiracy theory? No. An 8-month investigation CONCLUDED that Echo-Health Alliance engaged in gain-of-function research in Wuhan, China
Some of the first people to get sick with COVID? US-funded scientists working at the Wuhan Institute of Virology, you know, the place they were conducting gain-of-function research on coronaviruses.
A neat coincidence is how the Earth has naturally resonant frequencies if you think of the ionosphere as an electric 'drum', and this frequency range corresponds to the brains frequency of operation while meditating
Whats weirder is how solar activity might affect how you feel
There are some theories of consciousness that posit it inherently depends on the synchronization and resonance of electromagnetic fields across the body, so, not just neuronal firings but the fields those firings produce, across the somatic nervous system, vagus nerve, etc
What's known for sure is that brain wave patterns are very consistently tied to different kinds of cognitive activities, with higher frequencies associated with more excited states of alertness, concentration, creativity, etc
- There is a single objective reality
- Things outside your future light cone can't affect you
Yet quantum mechanics breaks at least one of these
Here's why Wigner's Friend thought exp. shows reality is stranger than we think 🧵
The setup is simple:
One person is in a lab making a measurement of a particle either spin up or spin down
Someone outside is waiting to hear the result. To the person outside, the lab is one big quantum system in superposition of two states
In 2009 Rachiger and Renner published an article that extended this simple thought experiment to involve many labs performing similar measurements in succession.
They reached the profoundly shocking conclusion that "Quantum theory cannot consistently describe the use of itself"
This is the most interesting physics paper I've ever read.
Maxwell's original equations have been greatly simplified to leave out an important part: Scalar Waves.
But the CIA already knew this.
If you want to know how electro-gravitic drone propulsion works, this is it: 🧵
Maxwell originally wrote out 20 equations in quaternion form which were then simplified into the familiar vector equations we all learn in undergrad physics that look like this.
The equations are the basics of all modern electronics, telecoms, power, energy, etc.
The hypothesis here is simple: what if instead of modeling electromagnetism with vector equations we stuck with the original quaternion form?
Quaternions are like imaginary numbers but with 4-components: three are vector components, one is a scalar.
"Stigma" is how a small minority can persuade a large majority to not pursue the truth when it would be inconvenient to that minority.
There are many topics that are now too-stigmatized to discuss openly even when that discussion would be in everyones long-term benefit. 🧵
This is especially true when it come to the origins of crime and inequality in society. There are many explanations for the observed outcomes that are not investigated scientifically because they are politically untenable or deemed too offensive.
Another is in interpretations of modern day military conflicts or political events. There are many cases where there are a multitude of possible interpretations yet the branches of discussion are pruned ahead of time for us. Why?