Andrew Cote Profile picture
Aug 5 7 tweets 3 min read Twitter logo Read on Twitter
First video of LK-99 Full Levitation, aka flux-pinning

This video was just posted to the Chinese video-sharing site BiliBili and claims to be a highly pure synthesized sample of LK-99.

What is the physical phenomenon behind this and what does it mean?

Levitation of… https://t.co/KGRhGjtrOytwitter.com/i/web/status/1…
Here is the plot of surface resistance from a study of SRF cavities entering superconducting state with a background magnetic field. The X-axis goes from higher temperatures towards lower temperatures as it goes from left to right. The Y-axis is surface resistivity in nano-ohms.… https://t.co/by82AQlKxftwitter.com/i/web/status/1…
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For those looking to catch up on the evolving LK-99 saga here is a quick summary of posts which I have written, all of which try to explain content in a way that is approachable for a general audience while including enough depth to be interesting to a technical audience.

Three… twitter.com/i/web/status/1…
Here is a picture showing the difference between the Meissner effect and flux-pinning, also called 'quantum locking' Image
The video attached above was posted only 2 hours ago twitter.com/i/web/status/1…
@FPerez30514123 ( for other readers - the orientation of the lower magnets means that it is a dipole field, and, any diamagnetic material also produces a simple dipole field in response. So, this is a situation of two dipoles floating in free space, which is impossible via Earnshaw's theorem,… twitter.com/i/web/status/1…
Note that this orientation of magnets on the bottom produces whats called a 'dipole field', like that of a bar magnet. If the material on top was a simple diamagnetic, then it is physically impossible for it to stably levitate, especially when poked by the stick.

This is from a… twitter.com/i/web/status/1…

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More from @Andercot

Aug 1
National Lab (LBNL) results support LK-99 as a room-temperature ambient-pressure superconductor.

Simulations published 1 hour ago on arxiv support LK-99 as the holy grail of modern material science and applied physics.
()

Here's the plain-english… https://t.co/yB8cvgPuwQ https://t.co/mQNQuO4TFuarxiv.org/abs/2307.16892
twitter.com/i/web/status/1…
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If it wasn't clear why this is a big deal, if successful LK-99 would be a watershed moment for humanity easily on-par with invention of the transistor.

Here's why:


For a catch-up on the original Korean paper:
https://t.co/JzkgzFBa1P

And why I was… https://t.co/88rEjnAKj1

twitter.com/i/web/status/1…
Thank you to @pseudolad for bringing this to my attention
Read 5 tweets
Jul 31
SpaceX has reduced the cost to get to orbit by 100x.

This has quadrupled the space industry which is now on track to $1 trillion in size by 2030.

What if we could reduce this cost by another 100x, and put a kilogram in orbit for $10?

How To Get To Space: Rail-Gun Edition Image
2/
A railgun can accelerate metal projectiles to tens of kilometers per second - well within the range of velocities needed to escape a planets gravity well.

This isn't new - Robert Heinlein proposed a rail-gun on the moon for launching valuable minerals to Earth in 1966 Image
3/
Physicist Gerard K. O'Neill held the first conference on Space Manufacturing at Princeton in 1975

O'Neill reached celebrity-like status. Rail guns, he argued, would become integral to supply rotating cylindrical space cities of the future: O'Neill Cylinders.
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Read 16 tweets
Jul 29
I've worked with superconductors for the better part of a decade now in different contexts, from STM condensed matter labs, to particle accelerators, and now fusion.

Time for a deep dive on what exactly this miracle-technology unlocks for us a species: 🧵 Image
Superconductors (SC) have zero resistance from quantum-mechanical effects of how electrons pair up, and travel through a conductor crystal lattice.

It's one example of 'magical' or 'impossible' physical properties arising from QM in bulk matter

https://t.co/Rv6ZAe2udz
Image
For decades SC's found few useful industrial application because of the difficulties in achieving extremely low temperatures, 4K (-270C).

In the last decade, incredible new applications are enabled by modern High-Temperature Superconducting (HTS) tape, which operates at 77K. Image
Read 30 tweets
Jul 26
Superconducting magnet engineer chiming in.

This result could be very big news, and overnight revolutionize all of electronics and energy. It might not.

Here's a mental model for the non-expert to understand what's going on.

RTAPS: The good, the bad, and the ugly: 🧵 Image
Summary
The good: There's some plausibility here, and if so, it's game-changing
The bad: Reasonable chance this is a similar but different physical property
The ugly: Their plots, and engineering usefulness

Let me explain:
The Good:
Lee-Kim-Kwon (LKK) use familiar materials, Cuprates, and measures some key metrics of a room-temp superconductivity (SC):
- Zero-resistivity
- Critical current
- Critical magnetic field
- Meissner effect Image
Read 16 tweets
Jul 23
The Manhattan project didn't just invent the nuclear bomb, destroyer of worlds.

It forever changed the scale and scope of our collective scientific ambitions

It began what I call "Civilization-Scale Science" - and there's no greater force for progress today

Let me explain 🧵 Image
2/
Before WW2 science was a cottage industry.
The best research groups in the world were often teams of 4-5 people, or like the Curies, husband-and-wife, working with tools they made themselves, with shoestring budget

This is the room where radioactivity was discovered Image
3/
Neutron capture is the principle behind both nuclear bombs and nuclear energy.

Fermi discovered it while working in his lab in Rome, with the "via Panisperna boys" - his research team.

Here's them in a team photo, and here's Fermi working in his lab
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Read 18 tweets
Jul 19
Fusion energy is the ultimate power source, but it's a complete zoo of different reactor designs.

Here's how each one works, the companies building them, explained in chronological order 🧵 1/N Image
0.1/
What is Fusion?
When you take hydrogen (or other fuel) and compress it for sufficient density, temperature, and time, the atomic nuclei 'fuse' together to form a heavier element.

This releases energy.

Deuterium-Tritium is the easiest to 'burn', but other fuels exist
Image
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0.2/
Many devices have been designed and built to achieve nuclear fusion, all striving for the "Lawson criterion" - when the fusion reaction becomes self-sustaining

Generations of scientists and engineers and their struggles for 'confinement' of plasma, in a single plot Image
Read 34 tweets

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