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Edward Nirenberg 🇺🇦 Profile picture
@ENirenberg
Aug 6 • 4 tweets • 2 min read Twitter logo Read on Twitter
New study on bivalent COVID-19 boosters using medical records:


The study is retrospective, so grain of salt- but it takes great pains to adjust for confounders and has a huge sample size. The gist of it is: the bivalent boosters look great! https://t.co/JiCUF4zDXVthelancet.com/journals/lanin…

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Bivalent boosters are associated with significant improvements in protection from SARS-CoV-2 outcomes (medically attended illness and hospitalization), whereas the monovalent booster suggested a benefit only for hospitalization from Oct 14, 2022, to Jan 31, 2023...
when XBB predominated. However, the bivalent boosters in this population were both BA.1-containing (at the beginning of the study period) and then became BA.5-containing, so a comparison of BA.1 vs BA.5 boosters is not done.
Unmeasured confounding is still possible despite adjustment.

This complements work in NEJM that also found a meaningful benefit of bivalent boosters:

A recent preprint examining Nordic countries also shows strong benefit:
https://t.co/sK8Q668T26nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NE…
medrxiv.org/content/10.110…

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More from @ENirenberg

Edward Nirenberg 🇺🇦 Profile picture
Jul 29
Hi US friends- there is a clear rise in SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater, suggesting a rise in cases and all the things that accompany that (). A reminder of some things you can (still) do to help reduce the risk of COVID:
1. Ensure you and your loved ones are... https://t.co/0XeN2VSUkibiobot.io/data/covid-19

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up-to-date on vaccination (vaccines based on XBB.1.5 spike will be available in the Fall, so it may be more practical to wait until then for low-risk individuals; questions about YOUR situation should be directed to YOUR primary care team ± specialist).
fda.gov/vaccines-blood…
2. Maximize air quality in indoor spaces you spend prolonged time in, meaning increasing circulation of the air and also ensuring relative humidity of 40-60% (including while sleeping).
3. Wear a high-quality respirator (e.g., N95) in indoor public spaces that ...
Read 5 tweets
Edward Nirenberg 🇺🇦 Profile picture
Jul 20
In other cool vaccine news, I present this paper whose results surprised me:


A thread with a primer on how mRNA vaccines actually work 🧵nature.com/articles/s4156…
There are a few aspects to our mRNA vaccines that give them such excellent immunogenicity. One of these is the use of modified RNA using N1-methylpseudouridine instead of uridine in the sequence. See:
This prevents the RNA from being recognized by TLR 7 and 8 (which sense single-stranded RNA but differ in their expression across cells), and reduces recognition by TLR3 (which senses double-stranded RNA).

https://t.co/XQB11FzMwE
https://t.co/hAlL3BxiFJ https://t.co/ZRoyWkPN1Kpubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac…
cell.com/immunity/pdf/S…
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
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Read 25 tweets
Edward Nirenberg 🇺🇦 Profile picture
Jul 5
I see that the usual suspects are misrepresenting the reasons for some countries' refusal to include varicella (VZV, chickenpox) as part of the routine childhood immunization schedule, so in this thread: febrile seizures. 🧵

First a bit of housekeeping though on VZV vaccines.
The major reason some countries don't include varicella vaccination on the schedule is because of the Hope-Simpson hypothesis, arguing that if older adults do not get boosted by exposure to VZV (from children), they are at higher risk of shingles:
https://t.co/dV2thUbeHKox.ac.uk/research/every…
As I have made clear before, while this concern does have merit, the US's 25-year-long experience with varicella vaccination in children has not substantiated what these models predicted- the feared surge in shingles has not happened.
https://t.co/rPVqr5BWe5academic.oup.com/jid/article/22…
Read 24 tweets
Edward Nirenberg 🇺🇦 Profile picture
Jun 29
For anyone who cares, I went through Kennedy's Town Hall to look at what he says about vaccines over a period of about 10 minutes. Quite literally every single thing he claimed about vaccines was either completely inaccurate or lacked key context. 🧵
Immediately Kennedy rejects being called anti-vaccine and claims it is pejorative and intended to silence him. Lest we forget:


There's also the time he sparked a measles outbreak which he tried to blame on the vaccine:
https://t.co/Lbx6kArGUO
arstechnica.com/science/2019/1…
Oh and then there's also this:


The only way you could sincerely argue that Kennedy is not anti-vaccine is if you were to invent a term that expresses an even greater opposition to vaccines than being anti-vaccine.arstechnica.com/science/2019/1…
Read 39 tweets
Edward Nirenberg 🇺🇦 Profile picture
Jun 28
I don't even know how to discuss this because the conduct is so disgusting but Alex Berenson is lying again and desecrating the memory of Grant Wahl to make his point so I guess I'll be as brief as I can about it. 🧵
Berenson is misrepresenting 2 studies alleging that there is a massive hidden death toll from mRNA vaccination and that the anti-vax propaganda of Died Suddenly has a point (it doesn't: ).

Here is the first study:
https://t.co/IPM1luoNREapnews.com/article/vaccin…
academic.oup.com/eurheartj/arti…
In it, we find that of 44 million people who got COVID-19 vaccines, 480 had some form of myocarditis (~1 in 100,000), and of these 95 cases were severe (~1 in 500,000) and there were 8-22 deaths as a result of the myocarditis (1 per 2-5.5 million).
Read 11 tweets
Edward Nirenberg 🇺🇦 Profile picture
Jun 23
The vast majority of flu vaccines used in the 2022-2023 season were thimerosal-free and you can ask for thimerosal-free vaccines if this sort of thing matters to you so this is really a moot point.

. https://t.co/YLJJXsOxKb https://t.co/WtFG9Gt8Chcdc.gov/flu/prevent/va…

Having said that, the abuse of really basic chemistry to lie to the public does grow old. Thimerosal is a preservative- it is included to prevent contamination by microbes that would occur from using multidose vials of vaccine. There is a very strong precedent for its necessity.
Before preservatives, the use of multidose vials resulted in multiple devastating infections from vaccination. A lack of preservatives in these vaccines was literally killing people.
https://t.co/WP1Z6pvfRvncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
Read 18 tweets

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