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#QuitIndiaMovement ; Mahatma Gandhi or Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose , whose influence was closer to it's programmes , concepts, events and it's executions ( 🧵)
Quit India Movement is popularly known as Gandhi's last and most daring movement among all he launched.
Until very recently it was being credited with the last of big events that got India freedom.Obviously since real truth of INA & RIN have descended on public memory, this(1/n)
Until very recently it was being credited with the last of big events that got India freedom.Obviously since real truth of INA & RIN have descended on public memory, this(1/n)
very carefully constructed myth has been largely busted.
And now scholars & historians are openly asking the right questions for which some of the Gandhi's great opponents like Savarkar, Ambedkar or Rajgopalachari etc had opposed it's initiation itself by Gandhi. (2/n)
And now scholars & historians are openly asking the right questions for which some of the Gandhi's great opponents like Savarkar, Ambedkar or Rajgopalachari etc had opposed it's initiation itself by Gandhi. (2/n)
But they all agree that it was great movement on several account like unprecedented mass activities, unforseen sacrifices & unlike previous any movement of Gandhi total open rebellion at huge scale.
Also truth remains irrespective of the fact that it could not get the goal..3/n
Also truth remains irrespective of the fact that it could not get the goal..3/n
...of freedom, it had created great psychological effects, revolutionary spirit among masses & panic among British authorities like never before any Gandhian movement had offered.
All these are usually recounted perspectives by both it's critical & sympathetic scholars ..4/n
All these are usually recounted perspectives by both it's critical & sympathetic scholars ..4/n
Now, I am going to present one seldom told perspective that it's wrong to even say QIM was Gandhian Movement or to so closely associate it with Gandhi.
Rather my propositions are that it was closer to Bose in it's letter & spirit, in it's concept & execution...5/n
Rather my propositions are that it was closer to Bose in it's letter & spirit, in it's concept & execution...5/n
These are some broad headings i will deal with throughout my thread .
1. Why Quit India Movement was started.... Gandhi or Bose who was more responsible for that?
2. How QIM unfolded it's programmes etc... Gandhi or Bose who was closer to that?
3. Unique features of it who...6/n
1. Why Quit India Movement was started.... Gandhi or Bose who was more responsible for that?
2. How QIM unfolded it's programmes etc... Gandhi or Bose who was closer to that?
3. Unique features of it who...6/n
... comes impeccably closer to it in letter & spirit Gandhi or Bose?
4. And finally it's greatest leaders and ground workers who were they more closer to ... Gandhi or Bose?
Before I begin let me clear it ,this comparison is fully valid cz both Gandhi &Bose were absent from.7/n
4. And finally it's greatest leaders and ground workers who were they more closer to ... Gandhi or Bose?
Before I begin let me clear it ,this comparison is fully valid cz both Gandhi &Bose were absent from.7/n
the scene. So this would be naive argument to say since Bose was in Germany at the time how come he inspired the moment cz Gandhi himself was cut off from the movement since day one to the last phase of movement except of his fasts & other interventions..8/n
1. Why was QIM launched by Gandhi?
Before the direct answer, a little background is needed to fully absorb this great but inorganic & hastefully launched movement and why .
One key feature of entire freedom movement proceedings at the background of WW2 was that unlike in 42..9/n
Before the direct answer, a little background is needed to fully absorb this great but inorganic & hastefully launched movement and why .
One key feature of entire freedom movement proceedings at the background of WW2 was that unlike in 42..9/n
.. Gandhi was vehemently opposed to any sort of QIM like large scale civil resistance before.
Bose was goading Gandhi & congress to give ultimatum of 6 months & in case they refuse launch the most powerful civil resistance possible & break the spirit of Britz to rule India.10/n
Bose was goading Gandhi & congress to give ultimatum of 6 months & in case they refuse launch the most powerful civil resistance possible & break the spirit of Britz to rule India.10/n
And when Germany invaded Poland officially kicking off the WW2 , Bose told Gandhi it was one in millenium opportunity to start the struggle, Gandhi rejected.
1. Gandhi wished to offer unconditional support to British.
2. He became disconsolate & broke down as he visualised.11/n
1. Gandhi wished to offer unconditional support to British.
2. He became disconsolate & broke down as he visualised.11/n
.destruction of Westminster Abbey & parliament of Britain.
3. He outrightly expressed that "i don't want anarchy... independence will never come through it".
4."I wholly endorse Subhas Babu's charge that i am eager to have a compromise..i haven't lost the faith in Britain"..12/n
3. He outrightly expressed that "i don't want anarchy... independence will never come through it".
4."I wholly endorse Subhas Babu's charge that i am eager to have a compromise..i haven't lost the faith in Britain"..12/n
To summarise the excuses given by Gandhi in 1939 regarding not launch of Quit India like movement;
1. Country was not non violence enough. Non violence was above independence in his own recorded words.
2. He didn't want to embarrass British & allies against fascist Axis ..13/n
1. Country was not non violence enough. Non violence was above independence in his own recorded words.
2. He didn't want to embarrass British & allies against fascist Axis ..13/n
3. Time was not opportune enough for launching resistance.
4. Congress organisation was not solid enough.
These all suggests as though Gandhi was very attentive for perfect time, strategy, organisation as well as fully trained workers on his principles to launch movement..14/n
4. Congress organisation was not solid enough.
These all suggests as though Gandhi was very attentive for perfect time, strategy, organisation as well as fully trained workers on his principles to launch movement..14/n
And then to astonishment of all, on 8 Aug 1942 Gandhi launched what was most ill timed, disorganised, ill planned movement of modern India, putting aside all those above mentioned cherished reservations.
Account of his contemporaries both opponents & confidants shows ..15/n
Account of his contemporaries both opponents & confidants shows ..15/n
There was no plan, strategy or prepration at all. Both Nehru & M Azad recorded same astonishment .
Accounts of all those contemporaries & honest historians agree that Gandhi had done it in surprising haste brainlesssly as though he was compelled to do something ..16/n
Accounts of all those contemporaries & honest historians agree that Gandhi had done it in surprising haste brainlesssly as though he was compelled to do something ..16/n
Given this background one natural and most pertinent question would be WHAT REALLY COMPELLED GANDHI SO MUCH THAT MADE HIM TO BRUSH ASIDE WAT HE WAS HOLDING SO DEARLY FROM 1939 TO 1942?
MOST DEFINITIVE ANSWER WOULD BE....... "NETAJI SUBHAS CHANDRA BOSE" 17/n
MOST DEFINITIVE ANSWER WOULD BE....... "NETAJI SUBHAS CHANDRA BOSE" 17/n
Evidences in favour of assertion that Subhas Bose was most formidable reason that forced Gandhi to launch Quit India Movement ;
1.
Most decisive answer comes from Maulana Azad who was looking at the events with his keen eyes &was most active negotiator 2nd only to Nehru ..18/n
1.
Most decisive answer comes from Maulana Azad who was looking at the events with his keen eyes &was most active negotiator 2nd only to Nehru ..18/n
Azad notes;
"I also saw that Subhas Bose's escape to Germany has made a great impression on Gandhiji.
He had not formerly approved many of Bose's actions,BOT NOW I FOUND A CHANGE IN HIS OUTLOOK.
Many of his remarks convinced me that he admired the courage & resourcefulness..19/n
"I also saw that Subhas Bose's escape to Germany has made a great impression on Gandhiji.
He had not formerly approved many of Bose's actions,BOT NOW I FOUND A CHANGE IN HIS OUTLOOK.
Many of his remarks convinced me that he admired the courage & resourcefulness..19/n
.. Subhas Bose had displayed in making his escape from India.
HIS ADMINISTRATION FOR SUBHAS BOSE UNCONSCIOUSLY CLOUDED HIS VIEW ABOUT THE WHOLE WAR SITUATION.
THIS ADMIRATION WAS ALSO ONE OF THE FACTORS WHICH CLOUDED THE DISCUSSIONS DURING THE CRIPPS MISSION TO INDIA..20/n
HIS ADMINISTRATION FOR SUBHAS BOSE UNCONSCIOUSLY CLOUDED HIS VIEW ABOUT THE WHOLE WAR SITUATION.
THIS ADMIRATION WAS ALSO ONE OF THE FACTORS WHICH CLOUDED THE DISCUSSIONS DURING THE CRIPPS MISSION TO INDIA..20/n
What M Azad is telling becomes more crucial & mythbuster when one reads usually told most reason behind the QIM.
All the routine history books says IT WAS FAILURE OF CRIPS MISSION THAT MADE GANDHI START HIS MOVEMENT.
Whereas Azad noted Gandhi was already enchanted by Bose.. 21/n
All the routine history books says IT WAS FAILURE OF CRIPS MISSION THAT MADE GANDHI START HIS MOVEMENT.
Whereas Azad noted Gandhi was already enchanted by Bose.. 21/n
And more importantly he clearly stated that GANDHI'S DECISIONS RELATED TO CRIPPS MISSION WERE ALREADY CLOUDED BY INFLUENCE OF SUBHAS BOSE.
In other word, Gandhi's decision related to Cripps Mission and it's fallouts were decided with Subhas Bose's activities in his mind 22/n
In other word, Gandhi's decision related to Cripps Mission and it's fallouts were decided with Subhas Bose's activities in his mind 22/n
2.
American authors Clare and Harris Wofford jr gives similar observation made by M Azad in his book India Afire .
"The fact that Indian opinion ran with Subhas probably played a major role in deciding Gandhi to launch QIM" ..23/n
American authors Clare and Harris Wofford jr gives similar observation made by M Azad in his book India Afire .
"The fact that Indian opinion ran with Subhas probably played a major role in deciding Gandhi to launch QIM" ..23/n
3.
Similar observations were made by American council which came to review India's WW2 related policies, when Gandhi had launched Quit India Movement.
It reported to Secretary of State that "GANDHI WAS WORRIED OVER SUBHAS Bose's GROWING IMPACT" . ..24/n
(......continued ...)
Similar observations were made by American council which came to review India's WW2 related policies, when Gandhi had launched Quit India Movement.
It reported to Secretary of State that "GANDHI WAS WORRIED OVER SUBHAS Bose's GROWING IMPACT" . ..24/n
(......continued ...)
4...
Arthur Herman, a noted American historian too noted similarly ...
Many perhaps most Indian intellectuals, were openly pro- axis.
"THE BOMBAY AND CALCUTTA STUDENTS WHO JOINED IN THE RIOTS LOOKED TO SUBHAS CHANDRA BOSE, NOT GANDHI,AS THEIR ROLE MODEL AND INSPIRATION"..25/n
Arthur Herman, a noted American historian too noted similarly ...
Many perhaps most Indian intellectuals, were openly pro- axis.
"THE BOMBAY AND CALCUTTA STUDENTS WHO JOINED IN THE RIOTS LOOKED TO SUBHAS CHANDRA BOSE, NOT GANDHI,AS THEIR ROLE MODEL AND INSPIRATION"..25/n
5..
Reports from Bihar and Bengal government too noted huge impact of Subhash Bose's activities and his broadcasts on Indian mind ( as above mentioned that shaped Gandhi's thinking and actions).
Reports from Bihar and Bengal government too noted huge impact of Subhash Bose's activities and his broadcasts on Indian mind ( as above mentioned that shaped Gandhi's thinking and actions).
6.
And similar reports were made by Government of Assam and deputy IG of Bihar suggesting yet again same story of how Subhas Bose was casting his impact on quit India Movement, shaping it's direction... 27/n
And similar reports were made by Government of Assam and deputy IG of Bihar suggesting yet again same story of how Subhas Bose was casting his impact on quit India Movement, shaping it's direction... 27/n
Similar more and more primary evidences make unambiguous suggestions as to how Gandhi was forced to launch his Quit India Movement.
And therefore, answer to first question regarding who was responsible for QIM is undoubtedly Subhas Chandra Bose.....28/n
And therefore, answer to first question regarding who was responsible for QIM is undoubtedly Subhas Chandra Bose.....28/n
And now let's deal with second important question that is ;
Who was more closer to the programs and methods adopted during movement; Whether it was Gandhian in nature or closer to Subhas Bose?
Most common methods throughout QIM remained ..
1. Sabotage to telephone ..29/n
Who was more closer to the programs and methods adopted during movement; Whether it was Gandhian in nature or closer to Subhas Bose?
Most common methods throughout QIM remained ..
1. Sabotage to telephone ..29/n
... and telegraph lines.
Over 425 cases of such sabotages happened.
2. 119 post offices were destroyed or severely damaged, 32 post office and Telegraph departments were attacked.
3. Large number of gov buildings were attacked.
4. More than 250 + Railway stations damaged..30/n
Over 425 cases of such sabotages happened.
2. 119 post offices were destroyed or severely damaged, 32 post office and Telegraph departments were attacked.
3. Large number of gov buildings were attacked.
4. More than 250 + Railway stations damaged..30/n
... setting police stations on , violent riots and most importantly violent guerrilla techniques were being employed at unprecedented scale.
Needless to say,all these methods were absolutely abhorrent to most fundamental principles of Gandhi
But what about Subhas Bose?
.31/n
Needless to say,all these methods were absolutely abhorrent to most fundamental principles of Gandhi
But what about Subhas Bose?
.31/n
....
When we look at Netaji's broadcast from Berlin on 17 August 1942 addressed to QIM protesters , we get startling similarity between what Bose adviced activists to follow and what they actually did, it seems as if they were working on Bose's advice itself...32/n
When we look at Netaji's broadcast from Berlin on 17 August 1942 addressed to QIM protesters , we get startling similarity between what Bose adviced activists to follow and what they actually did, it seems as if they were working on Bose's advice itself...32/n
...so , we can say not just Bose's activities forced Gandhi to kick off the QIM, but even the methods derived by 'masses' were impeccably closer to Netaji and in most fiercely un-Gandhian to say the least...33/n
Quit India Movement had never before seen unique features in it the movement was totally different from any of Gandhi's previous movements like NCM & CDM.
And therefore it's extremely crucial to analyse those in light of our Gandhi VS Bose proposition..34/n
And therefore it's extremely crucial to analyse those in light of our Gandhi VS Bose proposition..34/n
...
These unique features were;
1. Quit India witnessed unprecedented violence at massive scale,as we already discussed ( nothing like this happened in previous movements).
2. Secret societies and underground work strategy came into effect on huge scale (like never before) 35/n
These unique features were;
1. Quit India witnessed unprecedented violence at massive scale,as we already discussed ( nothing like this happened in previous movements).
2. Secret societies and underground work strategy came into effect on huge scale (like never before) 35/n
...
3 Leaders like Usha Mehta & Sucheta kriplani, while remaining hidden underground,tried to lead the movement with use of Congress radio.
4. And most importantly alternative government were established by native leaders in Bihar Maharashtra etc..36/n
3 Leaders like Usha Mehta & Sucheta kriplani, while remaining hidden underground,tried to lead the movement with use of Congress radio.
4. And most importantly alternative government were established by native leaders in Bihar Maharashtra etc..36/n
....
These unique features are some of the most important reasons QIM is looked upon in highest esteem by historians and scholars, and also is reason behind it's romanticization, and rightly so.
But to whom it was ideologically closer to Bose or Gandhi...37/n
These unique features are some of the most important reasons QIM is looked upon in highest esteem by historians and scholars, and also is reason behind it's romanticization, and rightly so.
But to whom it was ideologically closer to Bose or Gandhi...37/n
....
1. Violence at unprecedented scale;
Needless to say Gandhi was/is projected as prophet of non violence, so even having any discussion would be almost blasphemous to Gandhians.
Whereas Netaji had by then became greatest cult icon of violent struggle for freedom..38/n
1. Violence at unprecedented scale;
Needless to say Gandhi was/is projected as prophet of non violence, so even having any discussion would be almost blasphemous to Gandhians.
Whereas Netaji had by then became greatest cult icon of violent struggle for freedom..38/n
...
2.
Secret Societies: Gandhi VS Bose.
Like his penchant for non violence, Gandhi used to abhor any sort of secret society formation or secret activities which he called was against principal of 'Truth'
And his followers from the day one ensured it was strictly followed..39/n
2.
Secret Societies: Gandhi VS Bose.
Like his penchant for non violence, Gandhi used to abhor any sort of secret society formation or secret activities which he called was against principal of 'Truth'
And his followers from the day one ensured it was strictly followed..39/n
...
For instance , Sardar Patel pointedly told in a public meeting to congress workers
" Let me me emphasis there should be no underground activity. There should be no secret movement".
And the day one before the movement started Gandhi warned " IT IS A SIN".
40/n
For instance , Sardar Patel pointedly told in a public meeting to congress workers
" Let me me emphasis there should be no underground activity. There should be no secret movement".
And the day one before the movement started Gandhi warned " IT IS A SIN".
40/n
...
Contrary to this absurd antipathy to secret movements Subhas Bose's most of the great activities were in other words " secretive" ... from his early revolutionary contacts to his great escape.
And most notable is his formation of M Organisation, an secret organisation..41/n
Contrary to this absurd antipathy to secret movements Subhas Bose's most of the great activities were in other words " secretive" ... from his early revolutionary contacts to his great escape.
And most notable is his formation of M Organisation, an secret organisation..41/n
....
3 .
Congress Radio was yet another unique feature that emerged during QIM and it remains subject of much of discussions among scholars and pop culture.
And like other themes , this too was never heard of in any of previous Gandhian movements ..42/n
3 .
Congress Radio was yet another unique feature that emerged during QIM and it remains subject of much of discussions among scholars and pop culture.
And like other themes , this too was never heard of in any of previous Gandhian movements ..42/n
...
Having said that,curious question would be;
Had he been there ,Gandhi would have allowed atleast this one if not to others?
Answer must be negative. Cz this medium of radio was used for secret underground activities.
On the other hand Azad Hind radio was potent force..43/n
Having said that,curious question would be;
Had he been there ,Gandhi would have allowed atleast this one if not to others?
Answer must be negative. Cz this medium of radio was used for secret underground activities.
On the other hand Azad Hind radio was potent force..43/n
of anti colonial movement, brilliantly used by Netaji that significantly contributed in shaping directions of freedom movement from INA in Japan to Quit India in India as we have just seen briefly.
Was congress radio direct inspiration from AHR must be subjected of research.44/n
Was congress radio direct inspiration from AHR must be subjected of research.44/n
4.
Now , the most important and glorified unique feature of Quit India Movement that is ESTABLISHMENT OF PARALLEL GOVERNMENTS BY NATIVE LEADERS in SATARA , MIDNAPUR ETC .
What about these glorious revolutionary efforts? Were they Gandhian or Closer to Netaji?? ...45/n
Now , the most important and glorified unique feature of Quit India Movement that is ESTABLISHMENT OF PARALLEL GOVERNMENTS BY NATIVE LEADERS in SATARA , MIDNAPUR ETC .
What about these glorious revolutionary efforts? Were they Gandhian or Closer to Netaji?? ...45/n
...
We get definitive answer from something almost a decade year of Quit India, that is, during CDM days.
"Subhas chandra bose put forth a resolution stating that CONGRESS'S AIM SHOULD BE THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A PARALLEL GOVERNMENTS IN THE COUNTRY WITH THE HELP OF WORKERS..46/n
We get definitive answer from something almost a decade year of Quit India, that is, during CDM days.
"Subhas chandra bose put forth a resolution stating that CONGRESS'S AIM SHOULD BE THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A PARALLEL GOVERNMENTS IN THE COUNTRY WITH THE HELP OF WORKERS..46/n
...PEASENTS AND YOUTHS".
At the end as usual Gandhi and Congress thought it too radical to adopt and instead salt tax was chosen as issue of central importance to launch CDM.
But by the QIM period we yet again see country resorting to Netaji method & not if Gandhi's..47/n
At the end as usual Gandhi and Congress thought it too radical to adopt and instead salt tax was chosen as issue of central importance to launch CDM.
But by the QIM period we yet again see country resorting to Netaji method & not if Gandhi's..47/n
So far i have dealt with;
why QIM was started, whose program was adopted by masses and some of the most important & unique features of QIM in the light of Gandhi VS Bose, while justifying all of these were definitively in accordance with latter's than former's ...48/n
why QIM was started, whose program was adopted by masses and some of the most important & unique features of QIM in the light of Gandhi VS Bose, while justifying all of these were definitively in accordance with latter's than former's ...48/n
Now I will deal with the last but not least or should I say most important question.
Who were the leaders or the most important leader of QIM and to whom they/ he were/was closer to between Gandhi and Bose?
But before that ans to who was the most important leader of QIM..49/n
Who were the leaders or the most important leader of QIM and to whom they/ he were/was closer to between Gandhi and Bose?
But before that ans to who was the most important leader of QIM..49/n
Biggest mainstream propaganda with QIM is obsessively associate Gandhi with it at the cost of others whereas fact is Gandhi had done nothing but given the call for movement and within just one day he along with top rung of Congress were thrown into jail..they remained ..50/n
...confined there till the last phase of the movement.
In the meantime, various leaders emerged who were almost unknown before like ; Rammanohar Lohiya, Achyut patvardhan , Usha Mehta & various local leaders like Chittu Pandey of Baliya, YB Chavan etc ...51/n
In the meantime, various leaders emerged who were almost unknown before like ; Rammanohar Lohiya, Achyut patvardhan , Usha Mehta & various local leaders like Chittu Pandey of Baliya, YB Chavan etc ...51/n
But THE Most IMPORTANT ALL INDIA LEADER that quit India movement witnessed to rise was- JAIPRAKASH NARAYAN.
He was the leader who secretly mobilised movement from one corner of country to another, formed all india society & lead the movement most fiercely among all..52/n
He was the leader who secretly mobilised movement from one corner of country to another, formed all india society & lead the movement most fiercely among all..52/n
So pertinent would be to see who JP was following between Mahatma Gandhi and Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose.
Conclusive answer we get about JP on Gandhi during Quit India in his own trend breaking speech.
JP clearly said " If this( his policies) doesn't accord with Gandhi...53/n
Conclusive answer we get about JP on Gandhi during Quit India in his own trend breaking speech.
JP clearly said " If this( his policies) doesn't accord with Gandhi...53/n
... principles, that is not my fault".
( Source RC Majumdar third volume on Indian National Movement).
Majumdar too concluded JP's policies & programmes were complete break up from Gandhian principles. And unlike leaders till then he clearly admitted in public of same ...54/n
( Source RC Majumdar third volume on Indian National Movement).
Majumdar too concluded JP's policies & programmes were complete break up from Gandhian principles. And unlike leaders till then he clearly admitted in public of same ...54/n
...
What about JP and Subhas Bose?
Last public interaction between Bose and JP happened during what is known as tripuri crisis & relation seems to have soured.
That was not exactly end point there.
Instead, Bose and JP's clandestine equation was much deeper than known.55/n
What about JP and Subhas Bose?
Last public interaction between Bose and JP happened during what is known as tripuri crisis & relation seems to have soured.
That was not exactly end point there.
Instead, Bose and JP's clandestine equation was much deeper than known.55/n
Impact of Netaji on Jayprakash Narayan, the most important leader of Quit India Movement;
1. When he was about to leave India, Netaji got a letter written by JP, content of which shows he was wishing to work under Bose after what happened in 1939.
1. When he was about to leave India, Netaji got a letter written by JP, content of which shows he was wishing to work under Bose after what happened in 1939.
2.
Subhas Bose, M Organisation and Jayprakash Narayan; A secret collaboration.
@ProfKapilKumar discloses an amazing secret history of Bose's clandestine activities, the formation of M org(revealed by CIA report) that Bose formed in 1941 &
JP WAS ONE OF IT'S 200 MEMBERS..57/n
Subhas Bose, M Organisation and Jayprakash Narayan; A secret collaboration.
@ProfKapilKumar discloses an amazing secret history of Bose's clandestine activities, the formation of M org(revealed by CIA report) that Bose formed in 1941 &
JP WAS ONE OF IT'S 200 MEMBERS..57/n
@ProfKapilKumar 3.
Similarly astounding is statement of British lackey communist leader CP Joshi who predicted that
" WHEN DESH GAURAV SUBHAS BABU COMES WITH JAPANESE ARMY JAYPRAKASH AND OTHERS OF CONGRESS SOCIALIST WILL EMERGE FROM THEIR HIDEOUTS TO MEET HIM"..
58/n
Similarly astounding is statement of British lackey communist leader CP Joshi who predicted that
" WHEN DESH GAURAV SUBHAS BABU COMES WITH JAPANESE ARMY JAYPRAKASH AND OTHERS OF CONGRESS SOCIALIST WILL EMERGE FROM THEIR HIDEOUTS TO MEET HIM"..
58/n
@ProfKapilKumar 4.
Joshi's prediction was not ill founded. Though we couldn't witness this historical meeting up of two great leaders due to obvious reasons, we find something of similar line nevertheless.
RC Majumdar notes JP TRIED TO MAKE CONTACT WITH INA DURING LAST PHASE OF QIM. 59/n
Joshi's prediction was not ill founded. Though we couldn't witness this historical meeting up of two great leaders due to obvious reasons, we find something of similar line nevertheless.
RC Majumdar notes JP TRIED TO MAKE CONTACT WITH INA DURING LAST PHASE OF QIM. 59/n
Hence we decisively find the most important leader of QIM completely divorcing the movement from Gandhi ,whereas not just following everything what Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose stood for all his life, BUT ALAO TRYING HIS BEST TO ASSIMILATE QIM WITH INA OF NETAJI.. 60/n
...
Forward Block and QIM;
Before I end this thread last comment on impact of forward block of Netaji on quit India movement must be included here, that was Netaji's direct brainchild and was directly working on ground for the movement....61/n
Forward Block and QIM;
Before I end this thread last comment on impact of forward block of Netaji on quit India movement must be included here, that was Netaji's direct brainchild and was directly working on ground for the movement....61/n
1.
Bose , speaking from Germany, had urged his followers to provide all support to Gandhi.
He also said that Gandhi was influenced by propaganda work of forward block.
62/n
Bose , speaking from Germany, had urged his followers to provide all support to Gandhi.
He also said that Gandhi was influenced by propaganda work of forward block.
62/n
2.
Similarly,in yet another broadcast Netaji had proclaimed that "50000 AGENTS AND NUMEROUS OTHER FIFTH COLUMNISTS" INSIDE INDIA WERE RECEIVING HIS ORDERS OVER THE RADIO IN SECRET CODE AND THAT THEY WOULD STRIKE AT THE OPPORTUNE MOVEMENT.
63/n
Similarly,in yet another broadcast Netaji had proclaimed that "50000 AGENTS AND NUMEROUS OTHER FIFTH COLUMNISTS" INSIDE INDIA WERE RECEIVING HIS ORDERS OVER THE RADIO IN SECRET CODE AND THAT THEY WOULD STRIKE AT THE OPPORTUNE MOVEMENT.
63/n
3.
People's war the communist mouthpiece that was working as pawn of British and was especially against Netaji had noted ;
THE ACTUAL PRGM OF THIS UPSURGE , SABOTAGE OF NATION'S DEFENCE HAD BROUGHT OUT OF THEIR WRETCHED HOLES THE ENTIRE FORWARD BLOCKIST GANG..64/n
People's war the communist mouthpiece that was working as pawn of British and was especially against Netaji had noted ;
THE ACTUAL PRGM OF THIS UPSURGE , SABOTAGE OF NATION'S DEFENCE HAD BROUGHT OUT OF THEIR WRETCHED HOLES THE ENTIRE FORWARD BLOCKIST GANG..64/n
..... FROM BERLIN THEIR MASTER BOSE GIVES THE CALL.
EVERYWHERE, WHEN THIS MOVEMENT IS WIDESPREAD, WE FIND THE FORWARD BLOCKIST TRAITORS IN THE LEAD TO DO THE DIRTY JOB OF THEIR FOREIGN MASTERS".
65/n
EVERYWHERE, WHEN THIS MOVEMENT IS WIDESPREAD, WE FIND THE FORWARD BLOCKIST TRAITORS IN THE LEAD TO DO THE DIRTY JOB OF THEIR FOREIGN MASTERS".
65/n
4.
Similarly , even routine books of history admits that Forward Block was one of the few most important forces actually working on ground.
Though obviously like other aspects related to revolutionaries in general & Netaji in specific it's not that much researched area. 66/n
Similarly , even routine books of history admits that Forward Block was one of the few most important forces actually working on ground.
Though obviously like other aspects related to revolutionaries in general & Netaji in specific it's not that much researched area. 66/n
Now to conclude my thread, i have tried to justify with primary or cited works of authentic scholars that ;
1. QIM WAS LAUNCHED BY GANDHI DUE TO INFLUENCE & IMPACT,IF NOT FEAR OF NETAJI'S INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES.
2. PROGRAMS OF QIM WERE IMPECCABLY IN THE LINE OF...67/n
1. QIM WAS LAUNCHED BY GANDHI DUE TO INFLUENCE & IMPACT,IF NOT FEAR OF NETAJI'S INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES.
2. PROGRAMS OF QIM WERE IMPECCABLY IN THE LINE OF...67/n
... NETAJI'S BERLIN BROADCASTS.
3. THE MOST IMPORTANT AND UNIQUE FEATURES OF QIM LIKE
A .UNPRECEDENTED SCALE OF VIOLENCE.
B. SECRET SOCIETIES AND UNDERGROUND ACTIVITIES.
C. CONGRESS RADIO ACTIVITIES AND MOST IMPORTANTLY
D. Parallel GOVERNMENT FORMATION WERE ALL WHAT..68/n
3. THE MOST IMPORTANT AND UNIQUE FEATURES OF QIM LIKE
A .UNPRECEDENTED SCALE OF VIOLENCE.
B. SECRET SOCIETIES AND UNDERGROUND ACTIVITIES.
C. CONGRESS RADIO ACTIVITIES AND MOST IMPORTANTLY
D. Parallel GOVERNMENT FORMATION WERE ALL WHAT..68/n
...
NO ONE ELSE IN ENTIRE FREEDOM STRUGGLE BUT NETAJI STOOD FOR AND SYMBOLISED.
4. THE MOST IMPORTANT LEADER OF QIM THAT WAS JAIPRAKASH NARAYAN WAS IN ESSENCE NETAJI'S MAN WHO TRIED TO LINK QIM WITH INA AND HAD OPENLY ADMITTED TO HAVE DIVORCED FROM GANDHISM...69/n
NO ONE ELSE IN ENTIRE FREEDOM STRUGGLE BUT NETAJI STOOD FOR AND SYMBOLISED.
4. THE MOST IMPORTANT LEADER OF QIM THAT WAS JAIPRAKASH NARAYAN WAS IN ESSENCE NETAJI'S MAN WHO TRIED TO LINK QIM WITH INA AND HAD OPENLY ADMITTED TO HAVE DIVORCED FROM GANDHISM...69/n
And finally.
5.
NETAJI'S OWN ORGANISATION FORWARD BLOCK WAS MOST ACTIVE GROUND FORCE IN QIM.
so given all these it won't be incorrect to conclude, that GANDHI HAD JUST STARTED THE MOVEMENT & REMAINED ALOOF WHILE NETAJI WAS BEHIND EVERYTHING SAVE LAUNCHING QIM.
70/n
5.
NETAJI'S OWN ORGANISATION FORWARD BLOCK WAS MOST ACTIVE GROUND FORCE IN QIM.
so given all these it won't be incorrect to conclude, that GANDHI HAD JUST STARTED THE MOVEMENT & REMAINED ALOOF WHILE NETAJI WAS BEHIND EVERYTHING SAVE LAUNCHING QIM.
70/n
......The End.... 71/n
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