50+ Linux networking commands every Linux user or sysadmin should know (worth bookmarking) π§Άβ
β’ arp - see your arp table.
β’ aria2 β downloading just about everything. Torrents included.
β’ arpwatch β Ethernet Activity Monitor.
β’ bmon β bandwidth monitor and rate estimator.
β’ bwm-ng β live network bandwidth monitor.
β’ curl β transferring data with URLs.(or try httpie)
β’ darkstat β captures network traffic, usage statistics.
β’ dhclient β Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Client
β’ dig β query DNS servers for information.
β’ dstat β replacement for vmstat, iostat, mpstat, netstat and ifstat
β’ ethtool β utility for controlling network drivers and hardware.
β’ gated β gateway routing daemon.
β’ host β DNS lookup utility.
β’ hping β TCP/IP packet assembler/analyzer.
β’ ibmonitor β shows bandwidth and total data transferred.
β’ ifstat β report network interfaces bandwidth.
β’ iftop β display bandwidth usage.
β’ ip β a command with more features than ifconfig.
β’ iperf3 β network bandwidth measurement tool.
β’ iproute2 β collection of utilities for controlling TCP/IP.
β’ iptables β take control of network traffic.
β’ IPTraf β An IP Network Monitor.
β’ iputils β set of small useful utilities for Linux networking.
β’ iw β a new nl80211 based CLI configuration utility β for wireless devices.
β’ jwhois (whois) β client for the whois service.
β’ lsof -i β reveal information about your network sockets.
β’ mtr β network diagnostic tool.
β’ net-tools β utilities include: arp, hostname, ifconfig, netstat, rarp, route, plipconfig, slattach, mii-tool, iptunnel and ipmaddr.
β’ ncat β improved re-implementation of the venerable netcat.
β’ netcat β networking utility for reading/writing network connections.
β’ nethogs β a small βnet topβ tool.
β’ Netperf β Network bandwidth Testing.
β’ netplan β Netplan is a utility for easily configuring
β’ networking on a linux system.
β’ netsniff-ng β Swiss army knife for daily Linux network plumbing.
β’ netwatch β monitoring Network Connections.
β’ ngrep β grep applied to the network layer.
β’ nload β display network usage.
β’ nmap β network discovery and security auditing.
β’ nmcli β a command-line tool for controlling NetworkManager and reporting network status.
β’ nmtui β provides a text interface to configure networking by controlling NetworkManager.
β’ nslookup β query Internet name servers interactively.
β’ ping β send icmp echo_request to network hosts to test connectivity.
β’ route β show/manipulate the IP routing table.
β’ slurm β network load monitor.
β’ snort β Network Intrusion Detection and Prevention System.
β’ smokeping β keeps track of your network latency.
β’ socat β establishes two bidirectional byte streams and transfers data between them.
β’ speedometer β Measure and display the rate of data across a network.
β’ speedtest-cli β test internet bandwidth using
β’ ss β utility to investigate sockets.speedtest.net
β’ ssh β secure system administration and file transfers over insecure networks.
β’ tcpdump β command-line packet analyzer.
β’ tcptrack β Displays information about tcp connections on a network interface.
β’ telnet β user interface to the TELNET protocol.
β’ tracepath β very similar function to traceroute.
β’ traceroute β print the route packets trace to the network host.
β’ vnStat β network traffic monitor.
β’ websocat β Connection forwarder from/to web sockets to/from usual sockets, in the style of socat.
β’ wget β retrieving files using HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, and FTPS.
β’ Wireless Tools for Linux β includes iwconfig, iwlist, iwspy, iwpriv and ifrename.
β’ Wireshark β network protocol analyzer.
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Learn these 23 Git commands because you'll be using them 99% of the time:
1. git add
Used to add files to the staging area. Before a file is available to commit to a repository, the file needs to be added to the staging area also known as git index:
$ git add < file or directory>
To add all unstaged files use:
$ git add .
This allows you to prepare a snapshot before committing it to the official history.
Linux boot process explained (a detailed thread)π§Άβ
When you turn on your Linux computer, it goes through a series of phases before presenting a login screen that prompts you for your username or password.
Every Linux distribution goes through four distinct stages during the boot-up process.
The booting process consists of four steps, which we will go over in this thread:
β’ BIOS and UEFI Integrity check (POST)
β’ Loading of the Boot loader (GRUB2)
β’ Kernel initialization
β’ Starting systemd, the parent of all processes
90+ Linux commands that Linux Sysadmins regularly use, with an explanation π§Άβ
1. cut - allows you to cut out sections of a specified file or piped data and print the result to standard output. 2. sort - used to sort files 3. uniq - used to extract uniq occurrences 4. tr - utility for translating or deleting characters.
5 grep - searches a file for a pattern of characters and displays all lines that match. 6. awk - a scripting language used for text processing. 7. sed - stream editor used to perform lots of functions on files, like searching, finding and replacing, insertion, or deletion.