Until wage growth normalizes inflation will not durably return to the Fed's mandate.
So far scanning through the data wage growth still looks too high, particularly for those income segments with a higher propensity to spend. Let's start with Atlanta Fed Wage Tracker at 5-6%.
It is particularly useful because it a) uses matched person wages and b) covers income cohorts *below* 150k spend with much higher propensity to spend.
The monthly figures suggest a stabilization at that 5-6% annual pace the last few months.
Another similar tracker that is even more skewed to lower-income workers is the new Square income growth tracker which uses a similar methodology.
Suggests AHE roughly in the 5-6% as well, but no signs of stabilizing yet.
ADP pay insights is another good measure highlighting that pay increases for the youngest employees (typically earning less) is growing at a relatively rapid pace. Will be notable to see if that 16-24 figure continues to stabilize at these levels ahead.
Of course today all eyes will be on average hourly earnings, which is generally a worse measure than the ones above.
Thats because it is more comprehensive in terms of the income covered, which means changes in things like options and bonuses can make an impact here.
There was a lot of rejoicing last month that inflation was dead as AHE ticked down to 3% after several months closer to 5% annualized.
Whether this trend continues will probably be the most important data in the report today for the markets.
Most wage growth measures remain too high for the Fed to gain comfort that inflation durably beat.
Wages for the lowest income cohorts are growing at 5-6% for high propensity spenders and annualized productivity growth remains close to zero (even with an implausible 2Q print).
Before you believe the 2q productivity numbers as truth, note that such strength implies an implausible collapse in hours worked. It is most likely to be revised, eventually.
Inflation has to be on a clear path to durably get back to 2% for the Fed to even start to consider easing measures for the economy. This elevated wage growth in context will continue to give the Fed pause that inflation is really beat even if the measured numbers are improving.
It is important reason why we may see an 'air pocket' in policy over the next 6-9m where growth may slow but the Fed isnt immediately responsive to the weakness. And that delay makes the risk of a harder landing much more likely than is currently priced in.
• • •
Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to
force a refresh
For years the housing market has almost levitated despite drags from high rates and high prices thanks to limited supply and other assets financing demand. But in recent months that's started to flip.
The housing market has been much more resilient in recent years than most had expected in the face of very high rates. The biggest reason for that was that while buying demand dried up following the post-covid surge in rates, so too did supply.
In the last 6 months or so both have shifted to be more negative for prices. Inventory of new and existing homes have picked up while the slowing of asset prices combined with still high mortgage rates has caused buying demand to hit new lows.
The Fed has no reason to cut based on the data that matters.
The risk of inflationary pressures ahead from both tariffs and rising oil prices due to the Mideast conflict will only further solidify their desire to keep rates steady for longer than most expect.
Thread.
While many folks are calling for immediate substantial cuts, the data that the Fed cares about just doesn’t support any move at all. Take the UE rate. It’s remained low with any context and been flat for almost a year, suggesting current policy is roughly neutral.
Payroll growth has slowed substantially particularly if you include the likely revisions to the data that will eventually come. But the Fed isn’t in the business of making bets on QCEW revisions quarters from now to make monetary policy today.
There are broad signs inflation is picking up across the economy.
Despite surveys and timely price measures showing signs of increasing price growth, markets remain complacent. Unless tariffs reverse soon, higher inflation will quickly become a reality.
Thread.
Today's measured inflation figures is the first to reflect the real impact of the tariffs (given the previous survey happened just after Liberation Day). Most economists are expecting a pickup in the CPI numbers for the first time in awhile, with core approaching % y/y again.
But measured inflation is just one view of many on how price growth is going in the economy. A broad set of triangulation shows price growth rising.
Take ISM services prices which is clearly rising in recent months:
The new admin has collected trillions in promises for new investment in the US from companies and foreign countries.
While these announcements make for splashy headlines, the actual economic impact is likely to be much more limited.
Thread.
It’s no surprise that a hoped for surge in business investment has become a real focus of many after it bailed out what would have otherwise been a pretty weak read on final demand in the 1Q25 GDP report back to highs of the cycle.
Many folks have pointed to the surge in announced new projects by the new admin as a key lever that can keep the expansion going even with some moderation in HH demand. Projects have totaled near 7tln. h/t @RMDiLillo for pointing me to this data!
Despite US tariffs on Chinese running at 30%, recent data shows little indication of a slowdown in the Chinese economy.
As a new round of trade talks start today, the stable economic conditions suggest little urgency for the Chinese to make a disadvantageous deal.
Thread.
For much of the last couple months the Chinese faced embargo level tariffs, which fell to a mere 30% about a month ago which is still very elevated compared to the roughly ~10% effective duty rate coming into the year. h/t @JosephPolitano
Despite the elevated tariffs, there aren't many signs of a significant slowing of overall exports, with data printing overnight that suggests still a decent growth rate that is not noticeably weaker than the rate seen prior to the new admin.
A broad look at US labor market data shows continued cooling.
That’s a concerning development for an economy reliant on an income-driven expansion, but probably not rapid enough to get the Fed to quicken cuts given tariff uncertainty.
Thread.
The timeliest data pretty clearly shows a slowdown in the labor market. ADP, which covers a substantial portion of the private sector, has shown clear cooling since last summer.
There are also some signs of cooling in the tax receipts data. The nominal y/y growth a bit softer than it's been in some time.