Chapri छपरी...a 🧵
I have been deliberating since last month on the Indian language term chapri छपरी which is used for "street side loafers" who follow deviant style of fashion, language and culture. 1/n
The term Chapri is specially used for young Indian tiktokers, youtubers and instagrammers who have flooded the internet with their unique but sometimes cringe videos. 2/n
The word gained momentum in the summer of 2023 when the movie Adipurish 🎬 was released. This film was criticized for its low quality dialogues comparing them to the language used by Chapris.
3/n
Some people have wrongly characterized the term Chapri as a casteist slur connecting it to the community of roof makers and menders. Although there are many casteist slurs used in Indian languages, we will find that this term Chapri isn't so.
4/n
The word Chapri has its origin in the word capaṛ-qanatī चपड़-क़नाती which in Hindi /Urdu means small-minded man, a flatterer or a sycophant. In Punjabi ਚਪਰਕਨਾਤੀਆ capar kanātīā where it means a knave person, a scoundrel, a rascal. 5/n
This term has an interesting history, the first element is coming from Turkish 🇹🇷 Chapar which means 'to gallop' on horse 🐎. Chapar entered the Persian in the 16th century where it was initially used for a horse rider who delivered post, and later meant a runner,...6/n
mounted messenger, or courier in the postal system📮. The Persian term Chapar-Khaneh was used for a relay station for these runners in the postal service system of Persia. 7/n
The second element qanāti is of Arabic origin word qanāt which means cloth screen, the walls of a tent with which an enclosure is formed. So Chapar qanati would literally mean a runner within the enclosure i.e. a side man, an errand man and thereby a sycophant, flatterer. 8/n
Eventually the longer term capaṛ-qanatī was shortened to Capri चपरी or Chapri छपरी.
Therefore one can say the term chapri has Persian-Turkish-Arabic origin, and it's been with us for a long long time. 9/end
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A language saved lives🧵
As we are hearing the inspiring story of human resilience from Colombia where four children aged 13, 9, 4 years and 11 months) survived their 40 days ordeal in Amazon jungle, a much ignored topic is how their indigenous language helped them survive. 1/n
The 4 children who were travelling in that ill fated airplane were raised by their grandmother, Fatima Valencia, with whom they spoke in a variety of Witoto. Witoto/Uitoto is a family of Amazonian languages which are spoken by indigenous people in Colombia, Peru & Brazil. 2/n
The kids especially the eldest one 13 year old Lesly Mucutuy learned jungle survival skills like fishing, recognizing edible fruits and nuts from her grandmother, and used this indigenous knowledge to protect and sustain her siblings in a wild and dangerous environment. 3/n
History of mosquito 🦟 nets in India
One of the earliest non-violent methods used by humans to prevent biting insects and thereby vector borne diseases, is the use of mosquito screens, nettings and curtains. 1/n
Contrary to popular perception of mosquito curtains or nettings being modern day innovations, mosquito screens/curtains have been in use in Egypt, China and India since time immemorial. 2/n
Greek historian Herodotus (484 – 425 BCE) had famously described the use of mosquito nets (infused with fish odor) and sleeping on lofty towers to avoid mosquito bites in the marshy lands of ancient Egypt. 3/n
जयंती vs पुण्यतिथि jayaṁtī vs puṇyatithi
In Sanskrit Jayantī जयंती ( < जयंत) carries the sense of victorious, flag, Durga etc. It didn't have the birth anniversary (jubilee) sense in its original meaning. 1/5
The 8th day of the dark half of Śrāvaṇa month when
lord Kṛṣṇa कृष्ण was born came to be known as śrīkr̥ṣṇa jayantī श्रीकृष्ण जयन्ती. This later was extended to the birth celebrations of all noted personalities. 2/5
Now in modern Indian languages, the word jayantī जयंती is used for the birth anniversary of an individual or an institution or a deity. With individuals Jayantī जयंती is always celebrated for someone who is no longer alive. 3/5
Two important markers of Hindi spoken by Indian Sindhis of older generation are:
💠 Frequent pronunciation of र r as ड़ ṛ as in karegā > kaṛegā
💠 Frequent use of negative particle nī नी as a tag question marker or a emphatic marker as in 'nayā contract bhī sign kar lo nī' 1/2
The example video above is from 'Hum Hain Rahi Pyar Ke' (1993), where a Sindhi businessman Bijlani (played by Dilip Tahil) has been shown as manipulative & cunning man, but this is a typical stereotype of Sindhis who are peaceful, hardworking, hospitable, open-minded community2/2