HIV-1 (the most common type of human immunodeficiency virus) and SARS-CoV-2 "target the respective endothelial and hematopoietic stem-progenitor cells to thrive upon the relevant host cellular surrounded stromal microenvironments by adopting reciprocally-driven mechanistic routes..
HIV-1 utilizes the CD4+ T-lymphocyte receptor thereby advancing pathogenesis indirectly to the CD34+ HSPC (hematopoietic stem-progenitor cells).
SARS-CoV-2 directly targets the CD133+ ESPC (endothelial stem-progenitor cells) via ACE2 receptor causing cytokine storms of the CD4+ T-lymphocytes.
In this manner, these two viruses cause and extend their damage to the other cellular sub/types coexisting in the host cellular microenvironments..
putative miRNA molecules may be involved in the SARS-CoV-2-induced pathogenesis of the CD133+ ESPC in an epigenetic regulatory mechanism of the miRNA-targeted messenger RNAs (mRNA) of the T- or B-lymphocytes..
These cells, in turn, produce not only excessively impaired immune responses but also cause potentially lethal or long-lasting heart and lung damage in virus-infected individuals or patients."
SARS-CoV-2 is a gentle-looking cousin of HIV.
'Contrasting mechanistic susceptibilities of hematopoietic and endothelial stem-progenitor cells in respective pathogeneses of HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 infections'
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@PaulRoundy1 No, Paul. I see that the neurologic complications in children is becoming more prevalent since last year (i.e., after the appearance of the Omicron strain).
@PaulRoundy1 FYI, in Japan, among the officially reported COVID deaths of children from Jan. to Sep., 2022, the major endogenous cause was central nervous system symptoms (19/50; 38%), which is much higher than circulatory (18%) & respiratory (8%) ones.
@PaulRoundy1 I should note that, as a feature of deaths due to the central nervous system abnormalities, the durations from onset to death of those children were quite short: 3.0 days in median with 0-2 days: 46%, 3-6 days: 29% & 7 days or more: 25%).
Let me note below the failures that we experienced in international cooperation for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic: 1) the lack of timely notification of the initial outbreak of COVID-19;
...
(1/6)
2) costly delays in acknowledging the crucial airborne exposure pathway of the virus, and in implementing measures; 3) the lack of coordination among countries regarding suppression strategies;
(2/6)
4) the failure of governments to examine evidence and adopt best practices for controlling the pandemic; 5) the shortfall of global funding for low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs);
(3/6)
1/11
The National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), the authority on infectious disease issues in Japan, published a report on 30 June 2022 entitled "Acute hepatitis of unknown etiology in children in Japan (1st report)".
2/11
The report revealed details of pathogen testings regarding the children's acute hepatitis for different age groups based on of a survey performed by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan (& NIID) for the period from 1 October 2021 to 23 June 2022.
3/11
Among 62 children (male: 34, female: 28, median age: 5 yo) with the acute hepatitis of unknown etiology,
- 57 of 61 cases (93%) were detected in the week of 14 February 2022 or later.
- 12 of 55 cases (22%) were at least once vaccinated;
2/3 The 62 cases met the following criteria:
-Period: From October 1, 2021 to June 23, 2022;
-Patient: Hospitalized children of 16 y/o or younger;
-Symptoms: Acute hepatitis with AST or ALT exceeding 500 IU/L without involvement of hepatitis A to E viruses.
3/3 Among the 62 cases,
- adenovirus positive: 5 cases (type 1 & 2: 2 cases and type unknown: 3 cases);
- SARS-CoV-2 positive:5 cases;
- these PCR tests were performed when their symptoms were recognized;
- liver transplant: 0;
- 7 cases are still under complete checkup.