46 years ago today, the BBC aired its latest science fiction series. Dark, violent and dystopian it pitted a group of criminals against a neo-fascist Federation in a doomed battle for survival and freedom.
This is the story of Blakes 7...
Blakes 7 (no apostrophe) was unique. Created by Terry Nation, it was more George Orwell than George Lucas. Story arcs were long, morals were hazy, lead characters were gruesomely tortured or killed off. Cynicism, ruthlessness and paranoia were always present.
Blakes 7 tells the story of political dissident Roj Blake. Brainwashed and used as bait to trap other dissidents he is then tried on false charges and deported to die on a penal colony.
But on the way to prison Blake and fellow convicts Jenna and Avon are sent to salvage a drifting alien spacecraft - The Liberator. Instead they steal it, and rescue Vila and Gan from the sadistic religious cult that runs the prison world - which of course is run by Brian Blessed.
Alien telepath Cally is recruited during Blake's first mission to destroy a Federation communications complex at Saurian Major. Finally, the crew is completed by the sarcastic Orac - a supercomputer too clever to be bothered by human requests.
The Federation is of course determined to find and kill Blake and his crew. The wonderfully evil Supreme Commander Servalan, aided by the cynical war veteran Space Commander Travis, begin to hatch their plans...
In Blakes 7 Earth and its colonies across space are under the jackboot of The Federation. Mass surveillance, mind control and drug pacification are used to deal with dissent.
But Blake's crew are hardly trustworthy. Cynical computer fraudster Avon despises Blake, but depends on him to stay out of the Federation's clutches. Light relief of a sort comes from cowardly thief Vila: he and Avon often scheme heists together.
By the end of 1978 Blakes 7 was drawing audiences of 10 million. It had a sly humour that offset the drama: thieves together with jostling egos looking to steal as well as liberate. It helped that Terry Nation wrote the entire first series with a solid narrative arc.
Series 2 of Blakes 7 saw many changes. New writers such as Chris Boucher and Robert Holmes brought new ideas. Brian Croucher replaced Stephen Greif as Travis as his character turned outlaw. Gan was killed off, Blake became egotistical, and an interstellar war loomed...
By the start of series 3 The Federation was in dissaray after the war with Andromeda. Blake was missing and Avon was now in charge. Two new characters also joined the Liberator: arrogant pilot Del Tarrant and weapons expert Dayna.
By the start of series 3 The Federation was in dissaray after the war with Andromeda. Blake was missing and Avon was now in charge. Two new characters also joined the Liberator: arrogant pilot Del Tarrant and weapons expert Dayna.
Tanith Lee wrote the exceptional series 3 episode 'Sarcophagus': a ghost-like spirit takes over Cally and tried to enslave the crew. Blakes 7 could clearly handle fantasy themes as well as traditional sci-fi.
Series 3 ends with Servalan trapped on the exploding Liberator, whilst Avon and crew are abandoned on the planet Terminal. It feels like a fitting end to the show after three years.
But then...
To everyone's surprise a fourth series of Blakes 7 was commissioned for 1981. Bill Cotton, BBC Head of Television, had watched Terminal and enjoyed it greatly. He demanded it continue for 13 more episodes.
Jan Chappell didn't want to return to Blakes 7: her character was killed off and Glynis Barber joined as professional gunfighter Soolin. The show had a new ship, a new producer, a new look and new titles.
Series 4 of Blakes 7 was truly ruthless. Avon didn't care who died: in the episode 'Orbit' he even tried to kill Vila to ensure his own survival. Servalan too is hunted, changing her name to Sleer as she schemes to regain power in The Federation.
The series ends in carnage. Avon finally tracks down Blake to Gauda Prime, where he finds he is a bounty hunter. Scorpio crashes, almost killing Tarrant. The whole thing is a Federation set-up, with Blake possibly complicit in it.
In the end Avon shots Blake dead, unsure if he has been betrayed. Federation troops rush in and one-by-one gun down Avon's crew.
Only Avon is left, standing over Blake's corpse. He smiles, raises his gun, and the scene fades to the sound of gunshots...
Blakes 7 is of its time, which is good: slower plots give more time for the actors to shine and leave space for more complex, political storylines. Remade today it would be too frantic, too clever. It's space opera: overblown sometimes, but still captivating.
Let's leave the last word on Blakes 7 to Avon, as he describes Blake: "They will follow him and he will fight, to the last drop of their blood. Idealism is a wonderful thing, all you need is someone rational to put it to proper use."
More stories another time...
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It was the biggest manhunt in Britain: police, the press, aeroplanes, psychics all tried to solve the disappearance. In the end nobody really knew what happened. It was a mystery without a solution.
This is the story of Agatha Christie's 11 lost days...
By 1926 Agatha Christie's reputation as a writer was starting to grow. Her sixth novel - The Murder of Roger Ackroyd - had been well-received and she and her husband Archie had recently concluded a world tour. But all was not well with the marriage.
In April 1926 Agatha Christie’s mother died. Christie was very close to her: she had been home-schooled and believed her mother was clairvoyant. The shock of her sudden death hit the author hard.
Many readers have asked me over the years what my definition of pulp is. I've thought about it a lot, and the definition I keep coming back to... well it may surprise you.
Let me try and set it out.
There are lots of definitions of pulp out there: in books, in academic papers and on the web. And most circle back to the same three points: the medium, the story type and the method of writing.
Pulp is of course a type of cheap, coarse paper stock. Its use in magazine production from the 1890s onwards led to it becoming a shorthand term for the kind of fiction found in low cost story magazines.
let's take a look at the extraordinary work of Victorian illustrator and cat lover Louis Wain!
Louis Wain was born in London in 1860. Although he is best known for his drawings of cats he started out as a Victorian press illustrator. His work is highly collectable.
Wain had a very difficult life; born with a cleft lip he was not allowed to attend school. His freelance drawing work supported his mother and sisters after his father died. Aged 23 he married his sisters' governess, Emily Richardson, 10 years his senior.
Over the years a number of people have asked me if I have a favourite pulp film. Well I do. It's this one.
This is the story of Alphaville...
Alphaville: une étrange aventure de Lemmy Caution (1965) was Jean-Luc Godard’s ninth feature film. A heady mix of spy noir, science fiction and the Nouvelle Vague at its heart is a poetic conflict between a hard-boiled secret agent and a supercomputer’s brave new world.
British writer Peter Cheyney had created the fictitious American investigator Lemmy Caution in 1936. As well as appearing in 10 novels Caution featured in over a dozen post-war French films, mostly played by singer Eddie Constantine whom Godard was keen to work with.
Al Hartley may have been famous for his work on Archie Comics, but in the 1970s he was drawn to a very different scene: God.
Today in pulp I look back at Hartley's work for Spire Christian Comics - a publisher that set out to spread the groovy gospel...
Spire Christian Comics was an offshoot of Spire Books, a mass-market religious paperback line launched in 1963 by the Fleming H. Revell company. The point of Spire Books was to get religious novels into secular stores, so a move into comic books in 1972 seemed a logical choice.
The idea was to create comic book versions of popular Spire Books like The Cross and the Switchblade; David Wilkinson's autobiographical tale of being a pastor in 1960s New York. It had already been turned into a film, but who could make it into a comic?