Afrocentrism is probably unique amongst ethnocentric ideologies for its claims that basically every nation and people everywhere on earth were originally black. A thread:
At this point most people are familiar with this line - that the first Europeans were black.
But this goes all the way. The Anglo-Saxons were black, as were many royals and important figures in English history.
The Celts and Vikings were also black, the evidence is in.
We can also add most other Iron Age and pre-medieval peoples as well. All black.
Classical civilisation has long been fought over by Afrocentrists and their allies.
Less well known are the black Magyars, the black Uralics, and black continuity from the Neolithic Vinca culture onwards between Crete and the Carpathians.
Expanding outwards we have black Arabs, the Middle East was originally black.
Heading east we find that China was also an og black nation, we even have DNA evidence apparently.
China is one thing, but I bet you didn't know about the Old Africans of Japan?!
Australia naturally gets a look in, and Melanesia seems to be a fringe case with some claims for their Africanness.
The Maori and other Polynesians are unsurprisingly black as well, the Niger-Congo languages of New Zealand are well documented.
A full blown claim of African origin hasn't been made for the Inuit yet, but it's definitely coming. We have a Nunavut Black History society and a reflective essay on what George Floyd meant to this Inuk-Jamaican woman.
The idea that the first Native Americans were black has been around for a while.
As has the claim that the Aztecs and other Mesoamericans were from Africa.
"by 12,500 BC Africans were already living in Chile"
So there you have it, the whole world was once populated by black Africans. The real question is, what happened?
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A new paper interpreting the East Anglian Anglo-Saxon site of Sutton Hoo and similar graves has hypothesised that the magnificent burials belonged to warriors who fought for the Byzantine Empire and returned home as heroes.
Let's take a look 🧵
The article, from the English Historical Review, proposed:
"it is likely that the men buried in the princely burials at Prittlewell and Sutton Hoo served as cavalry soldiers in the Foederati recruited by Tiberius in 575 in the wars with the Sasanians on the eastern front"
The extraordinary treasure of Sutton Hoo and other similar princely graves has been debated for nearly a century. One standard interpretation for the Mediterranean artifacts and wealth is the trade and diplomatic links with the Merovingians.
The 'Maharashtra Prevention and Eradication of Human Sacrifice, other Inhuman and Aghori Practices and Black Magic Act, 2013' is a piece of Indian legislation aimed at tackling the problem of religious human sacrifice and other similar activities 👇🧵
The specific clauses of the act cover a range of magical and religious acts that could lead to harm, death or manipulation - eg coercive sex or theft of money. The list is so specific you have to imagine each of these things has been reported before.
The origins of the bill go back to 2003 and every step of the legislative process has faced fierce opposition. One of its greatest advocates, Dr Narendra Dabholkar, was shot dead in 2013 by Hindu nationalists.
Neoliberalism is a very popular word in academia, but what is it supposed to mean and how is it actually used? Why is it deployed to explain everything from occultic organ harvesting circles to musical entrepreneurship? 🧵
Let us start with some definitions. Although heavily debated the definition of neoliberalism is supposed to be - the extension of the market to all parts of public life, a strong (but minimal?) state to facilitate this, and firm belief in individual agency.
How has this definition come to be used in academia and research though? Here's a few examples drawn at random from google scholar:
Using 'food justice' to fight against racial neoliberalism and mass incarceration...
In AD 256 a unit of Roman miners led a counterattack against their Sasanian besiegers at the city of Dura-Europos.
What happened next has been recorded in minute detail by archaeologists, and remains amongst the earliest and most horrifying uses of chemical weapons in war 🧵
The fortified city of Dura-Europos on the Syrian Euphrates had been founded by the Seleucids. After falling to the Parthians and then the Romans in AD 165, it became an important outpost and border fort, somewhere between a town and a military garrison.
The Sasanian siege of AD 256 under Shapur I was part of their expansion and warfare against the Roman Empire, although no documentation of the siege has survived, if it ever existed.
In Oct 2012 a strange object was found whilst a canal was being drained in western Massachusetts. A cauldron - filled with railroad spikes, a knife, coins, herbs, a padlock and a human skull.
Welcome to the world of Palo Mayombe in America 🧵
Afro-syncretic religions in the Americas are plentiful, and include some well known examples like Santeria, Haitian Voodoo and Rastafari. These religions are a mix of native African and American beliefs, Islam, Christianity and Judaism.
The exact 'flavour' of these diaspora religions often depends on which African peoples they originated with - for example Santeria is derived in part from the Yoruban religions of West Africa.
In 2015 British officials travelled to Nigeria to help track down a witchdoctor who had used a juju magical oath to prevent trafficked girls in Britain from testifying against a smuggling gang.
Why did this happen? 🧵
The trafficking of young women and girls from Nigeria into Europe for the sex trade and cheap labour increased dramatically after the death of Gaddafi and Libya's descent into anarchy.
Slave markets and human trafficking exploded in Libya in the absence of governmental control. Young girls can easily be bought and sold here, and sent from Africa to Italy and then into Europe.