On this day, Feb. 9, 1881, Fyodor Dostoevsky breathed his last.
His dying wish?
For his children to be gathered around him and read a story.
It was his final lesson to his children, and it is the key to understanding his work.
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Dostoevsky's daughter Aimée recounts the scene:
“He made us come into the room, and, taking our little hands in his, he begged my mother to read the Parable of the Prodigal Son.
He listened with his eyes closed, absorbed in his thoughts..." 2/
The parable, from Luke's Gospel, tells of a wayward son, who roams far from home, squandering his inheritance.
But, reaching rock bottom, he returns, repentant.
His father welcomes him with open arms:
For the son who "was dead... is alive again; he was lost and is found." 3/
‘My children,’ the dying Dostoevsky said in his feeble voice, ‘never forget what you have just heard.
Have absolute faith in God and never despair of His pardon.
I love you dearly, but my love is nothing compared with the love of God for all those He has created... 3/
'Even if you should be so unhappy as to commit a crime... never despair of God.
You are His children; humble yourselves before Him, as before your father.
Implore His pardon, and He will rejoice over your repentance, as the father rejoiced over that of the Prodigal Son.’” 4/
This is the simple story he kept on telling, in different ways, in his novels.
His protagonists are the prodigals.
He'd have them squander everything and reach rock bottom.
But he'd leave a glimmer of hope, a possibility that there was a way back home, through repentance. 5/
In Crime and Punishment, the prodigals are Raskolnikov, the former law student who descends into nihilism and commits crimes beyond imagining, and his counterpart Sonia, degraded in poverty and despair.
Both end the novel in Siberia, as far from home as possible. 6/
But the closing image is one of hope, our prodigals metaphorically at the threshold of their Father's door:
Raskolnikov holds Sonia's New Testament in his hand -- still unopened, but with the hope that his gradual renewal into a "new unknown life" was about to begin. 7/
Dostoevsky's novels are dark and complex.
They deal with big questions about the nature of evil; the meaning of suffering; why people choose hate over love.
But they don't stay in the dark. They point to the light. They have hope.
They're Great Books. I recommend them. /Fin
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Happy 126th Birthday to C.S. Lewis, born on this day, November 29, 1898.
In 1962, he was asked what books most influenced him.
He responded with a list of 10 books.
They're Great Books. I recommend you read them -- or, at least, read this thread about them:
10. George MacDonald's Phantastes
A fantasy novel about a young man searching for his female ideal in a dream-world.
Lewis once said: "I have never concealed the fact that I regard [MacDonald] as my master... I have never written a book in which I did not quote from him."
9. Virgil's The Aeneid
An epic poem that is foundational to Western literature, it tells of Aeneas's heroic journey from the fall of Troy to the shores of Italy.
Lewis once wrote:
"A man, an adult, is precisely what [Aeneas] is... With Virgil, European poetry grows up."
Long before Tolkien’s fantasy worlds enchanted us, other stories enchanted him.
Ever wonder which books sparked his imagination?
Here's a thread of 15 works — some high-brow, some low, all fascinating — that shaped Tolkien's world:
1. Beowulf
Beowulf was Tolkien's academic specialty, and he consciously drew upon it in LOTR.
Ents, orcs & elves are all taken from Beowulf.
Gollum is partly based on the monster Grendel.
And the dragon Smaug (in The Hobbit) mirrors Beowulf's dragon.
But that's not all.
Like Beowulf, LOTR also portrays a pagan, pre-Christ world but is by a deeply Christian author.
Tolkien sought to match how Beowulf nodded implicitly towards Christian eschatology through "large symbolism" about good, evil & redemptive grace but eschewed heavy-handed allegory.