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Feb 10 9 tweets 4 min read Read on X
On this day, Feb. 9, 1881, Fyodor Dostoevsky breathed his last.

His dying wish?

For his children to be gathered around him and read a story.

It was his final lesson to his children, and it is the key to understanding his work.

Thread 👇 Portrait of the Author Feodor Dostoyevsky, 1872, by Vasily Perov
Dostoevsky's daughter Aimée recounts the scene:

“He made us come into the room, and, taking our little hands in his, he begged my mother to read the Parable of the Prodigal Son.

He listened with his eyes closed, absorbed in his thoughts..." 2/ Dostoyevsky on his death bed, drawn by Ivan Kramskoy, 29 January 1881
The parable, from Luke's Gospel, tells of a wayward son, who roams far from home, squandering his inheritance.

But, reaching rock bottom, he returns, repentant.

His father welcomes him with open arms:

For the son who "was dead... is alive again; he was lost and is found." 3/ Rembrandt: The Return of the Prodigal Son, c. 1668
‘My children,’ the dying Dostoevsky said in his feeble voice, ‘never forget what you have just heard.

Have absolute faith in God and never despair of His pardon.

I love you dearly, but my love is nothing compared with the love of God for all those He has created... 3/ James Tissot: The Return of the Prodigal Son, c. 1886-1894
'Even if you should be so unhappy as to commit a crime... never despair of God.

You are His children; humble yourselves before Him, as before your father.

Implore His pardon, and He will rejoice over your repentance, as the father rejoiced over that of the Prodigal Son.’” 4/ Pompeo Batoni: The Return of the Prodigal Son, 1773
This is the simple story he kept on telling, in different ways, in his novels.

His protagonists are the prodigals.

He'd have them squander everything and reach rock bottom.

But he'd leave a glimmer of hope, a possibility that there was a way back home, through repentance. 5/ Pierre Puvis de Chavannes: The Prodigal Son, bef. 1898
In Crime and Punishment, the prodigals are Raskolnikov, the former law student who descends into nihilism and commits crimes beyond imagining, and his counterpart Sonia, degraded in poverty and despair.

Both end the novel in Siberia, as far from home as possible. 6/ Mstislav Dobuzhinsky: Illustration for Dostoevsky's "The Possessed," 1913
But the closing image is one of hope, our prodigals metaphorically at the threshold of their Father's door:

Raskolnikov holds Sonia's New Testament in his hand -- still unopened, but with the hope that his gradual renewal into a "new unknown life" was about to begin. 7/ Bartolome Esteban Murillo: Return of the Prodigal Son, c. 1667-70.
Dostoevsky's novels are dark and complex.

They deal with big questions about the nature of evil; the meaning of suffering; why people choose hate over love.

But they don't stay in the dark. They point to the light. They have hope.

They're Great Books. I recommend them. /Fin Georges de la Tour: Magdalene in a Flickering Light, c.1635 - c.1637

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More from @CoffeewClassics

Feb 8
In 1887, Mark Twain was asked what books every boy and girl should read.

He responded with a list of seven.

It's a Great List of Great Books -- and they're not just for kids.

I think all adults should read them, too.

But first, read this thread about them: Image
1. Macaulay's Lays of Ancient Rome

A collection of poems depicting heroic moments in Roman history, written in 1842.

Wildly popular in 19th-century America, these tales of courage, self-sacrifice, and patriotism were many students' first introduction to poetry and history. Horatius Cocles defending the Bridge, c. 1642, by Charles Le Brun
2. Plutarch's Lives

A collection of biographies of great figures in ancient Greek & Roman history, this work is a textbook on leadership and character, showing how a leader's character is his destiny.

It is a fascinating and instructive history. Cicero Denounces Catiline, fresco by Cesare Maccari, 1882–1888
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Feb 7
J.R.R. Tolkien invented a world in the Lord of the Rings.

But it didn't come from nowhere.

Tolkien drew literary inspiration from a variety of Great Books.

Here are 10 of them that you should know: The Valkyrie's Vigil, bef. 1915, by Edward Robert Hughes
1. Beowulf

Beowulf was Tolkien's academic expertise, and he consciously drew upon it in LOTR.

Ents, orcs & elves are all taken from Beowulf.

Gollum is partly based on the monster Grendel.

And the dragon Smaug (in The Hobbit) mirrors Beowulf's dragon.

But that's not all. illustration by J.R. Skelton for "Stories from Beowulf," 1911
Like Beowulf, LOTR also portrays a pagan, pre-Christ world but is by a deeply Christian author.

Tolkien sought to emulate how Beowulf nodded implicitly towards Christian eschatology through "large symbolism" about good, evil & redemptive grace but eschewed heavy-handed allegory. illustration by J.R. Skelton for "Stories from Beowulf," 1911
Read 14 tweets
Feb 6
If you want your kids to:

• be curious
• be resilient &
• not lose their spark

You need to inspire them with these 10 classic stories about growing up: The Reading Girl, 1895, by William-Adolphe Bouguereau
1. Frances Hodgson Burnett's The Secret Garden

Mary and her cousin are lonely, unhappy children, until they discover a long-hidden secret garden.

This is a story about kindling a child's sense of wonder and openness to love and friendship, through the beauty of nature. front cover of the 1911 U.S. edition
2. Louisa May Alcott's Little Women

The beloved story of the March sisters, and their trials, tribulations, and triumphs, as they grow up in Civil War-era America.

It is a story about the power of creativity, resilience, love, and personal growth amidst adversity. front cover from the 1896 American edition
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Feb 6
I am thrilled by @scrollprize's success in deciphering a lost scroll from Herculaneum.

But, the work they uncovered (by the minor Epicurean Philodemus) wasn't on many scholars' wish lists.

Still, I'm hopeful.

🧵 of lost works of Greco-Roman philosophy I hope we'll find next: Image
@scrollprize 1. Aristotle's Dialogues (c. 330BC)

Aristotle allegedly wrote dialogues, just like Plato.

Cicero called Aristotle's dialogues a "river of gold" compared to Plato's "river of silver."

Given how significant Plato's dialogues are, one can only imagine what's in Aristotle's. Aristotle by Jusepe de Ribera. Oil on canvas, 1637
@scrollprize 2. Pythagoras's Works (6th c. BC)

Pythagoras was a giant, not only in math and music but also in founding a now-lost religion.

Pythagoras preached the transmigration of the immortal soul, and his sect followed a communal, ascetic lifestyle.

None of his writings survive. Pythagoreans Celebrate the Sunrise (1869) by Fyodor Bronnikov
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Feb 5
If you want your children to:

• love reading
• be brave
• stand up for themselves and others &
• have strong values.

You need to inspire them with these 10 classic adventure books: Portrait of a Boy with a Book, 1740s, by Jean-Baptiste Perronneau
1. King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table by Howard Pyle

The quintessential story of chivalry, centered on King Arthur, his Queen Guinevere, the Knights of the Round Table, and the eternal struggle of might vs. right. The Boy's King Arthur illustration by N.C. Wyeth (1921)
2. Treasure Island by Robert Louis Stevenson

The original high seas adventure classic: a boy sets out to find buried pirate treasure and faces the evil Long John Silver and a crew of memorable characters.

This tale of greed and betrayal is both entertaining and ennobling. One More Step, Mr. Hands, from Treasure Island by N.C. Wyeth (1911)
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Feb 4
In 1962, C.S. Lewis was asked what books most influenced him, both as a writer and in his philosophy of life.

He responded with a list of 10 books.

They're Great Books. I recommend you read them.

Or, at least, read this thread about them: Image
1. George MacDonald's Phantastes

A fantasy novel, it's the story of a young man searching for his female ideal in a dreamworld.

Lewis once said MacDonald baptized his imagination, revealing that fantasy wasn't an escape, but a means of unlocking an even more real reality. The Soul of the Rose, 1903, by John William Waterhouse
2. Virgil's The Aeneid

An epic poem that is foundational to Western literature, it tells of Aeneas's heroic journey from the fall of Troy to the shores of Italy.

Its themes of duty, sacrifice, and destiny resonated with Lewis, and echo through out the Narnia novels. Aeneas Introducing Cupid Dressed as Ascanius to Dido, 1757, by Giovanni Battista Tiepolo
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