Hey researchers, bloggers, everyone interested in fertility data!
We recently added lots of new data at Our World in Data on fertility rates, ages at childbirth, twin birth rates, birth seasonality, and more.
Here's a thread of what you can find on the site! 🧵
Our new data comes from a range of sources including the Human Fertility Database, the UN World Population Prospects, the Human Multiple Births Database, the Human Mortality Database, and more.
First, of course, the total fertility rate — a metric that summarizes birth rates across age groups of women in one particular year.
I explore the baby boom in 7 charts, including some trends you (probably) didn't know:
1. Birth rates began to rise in the 1930s, before World War II
The baby boom is typically defined as the years 1946—1964.
For example, Brittanica’s entry states that the baby boom is “the increase in the birth rate between 1946 and 1964”. Similarly, the US Census Bureau defines baby boomers as “those born between 1946 and 1964”.
But as the chart below shows, the rise began earlier.
Birth rates in the US had been falling in the early 20th century. This slowed down and in the late '30s, they turned around & began to rise, which continued during parts of WWII. At the end of WWII, they surged, but this was part of a multi-decadal increase.
It's December, which means it's time for a retrospective on some breakthroughs in medical innovation this year.
Here are five: 🧵
1. Lenacapavir is a long-acting antiviral injection for HIV. It was initially approved to treat people with resistant HIV, and recent trials show it’s also highly effective for prevention.
Two recent phase 3 trials have demonstrated its effect:
In the first, in Uganda & South Africa, not a single woman on lenacapavir got HIV, a 96–100% reduction compared to the background risk.
It was >9x more effective as tenofovir, Gilead’s daily oral PrEP pill.