It's been said, “A library is infinity under a roof.”
Some libraries come close to that!
A thread of 12 of the world's largest libraries and their most priceless treasures:
1. The British Library, London
200 million volumes, including the Lindisfarne Gospels (~715).
2. The Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
175 million volumes, including Thomas Jefferson's original rough draft of the Declaration of Independence
3. The Shanghai Library
57 million volumes, including early Buddhist sutras, like the Vimalakīrti Nirdeśa
4. The New York Public Library
55 million volumes, including the Lenox copy of the Gutenberg Bible, the first copy to be acquired by a United States citizen.
5. The Russian State Library, Moscow
48 million volumes, including the ~1092 Archangelsk Gospel, written in Old Church Slavonic
6. The National Diet Library, Tokyo & Kyoto
44 million volumes, including countless rare woodblock prints and an early copy of Confucius's Analects
7. The Royal Library of Denmark, Copenhagen & Aarhus
43 million volumes, including:
• Primer nueva corónica y buen gobierno, a rare 1200-page handwritten account of Andean life pre-Spanish conquest
• the 11th-cent. Copenhagen Psalter
8. National Library of China, Beijing
43 million volumes, including:
• the fragments of the Xiping Stone Classics from ~ AD 175
• the most complete copy of the Yongle Encylopedia from ~1400
9. University of California Libraries
40 million volumes, including the Tebtunis papyri, a massive collection of Ptolemaic-era writings in Demotic Egyptian and Koine Greek on papyri that had been recycled as mummy wrappings.
10. Bibliothèque Nationale de France, Paris
40 million volumes, including:
• the Codex Sinopensis, a 6th-cent. illuminated Greek Gospel
• the Ashburnham Pentateuch, a 6th-cent. illuminated Latin Old Testament
11. National Library of Russia, St. Petersburg
36 million volumes, including:
• an 8th-cent. edition of Bede's Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum
• the 11th-cent. illuminated Trebizond Gospel
• the Breviary of Mary, Queen of Scots that she carried to her execution
12. Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Munich
34 million volumes, including:
• Breviary of Alaric (an AD 506 Visigothic-Roman law book)
• Codex Aureus of St. Emmeram (a Carolingian Gospel Book from ~870)
• Carmina Burana (an 11th-cent. collection of secular poems)
Which of these libraries (and rare manuscript collections) would you most like to visit?
I think Bibliothèque nationale de France’s illuminated manuscripts would be amazing to see.
If you enjoyed this thread, please do me a favor and share the first post, linked below.
In 1771, Thomas Jefferson's brother-in-law asked him what books every gentleman should own.
Jefferson responded with a list of hundreds.
I'll include the full list at the end of the thread, but here are a few gems I think you'll want to check out: 🧵👇
10. Jerusalem Delivered by Torquato Tasso (1581)
This Italian epic melds history with myth to tell the story of the First Crusade and its "deliverance" of Jerusalem from Muslim rule.
An inspiring chivalric tale, it is fundamentally about the clash between love and duty.
9. The Adventures of Roderick Random by Tobias Smollett (1748)
A picaresque novel about a young man who is disinherited and a series of misadventures that drag him across the globe, from one of the 18th-century's most popular (but now overlooked) authors.