DanielR Profile picture
Mar 25, 2024 15 tweets 6 min read Read on X
1. This is an update to an earlier thread on a curious Ukrainian #drone. Not much was known then about this drone but there is now a shaky video to analyse. First, we now have a better sense of the size of this drone. It is not small.
t.me/in_factum/23000Image
2. A previous thread provides additional information. To a high degree, the construction appears exactly the same.
3. A broken prop indicates the engine was turning when this drone crashed. The rail used to hold the munition is also visible on the left. Image
4. The photo confirms that the engine is a DLE 170, which weighs about 4.1 kg and produces 17.5 HP. Usefully, fuel consumption estimated to be about 0.12 litres per minute (8.5 minutes per litre) at full throttle. Image
5. Model aircraft have a long history of using bottles for fuel tanks. This tank is a bit curious because one bottle ruptured but the remaining bottles still contain fuel. If 4L per bottle then maximum flight time is about 2 hours, easily a 200 km range. Image
6. The munition looks very similar to that seen previously. It is mounted on a rail under the aircraft's nose. For safety, a servo on the rear may provide a delayed arm. No idea what the heavy orange wire is for. Image
7. The previous drones had fixed landing gear but this one appears to be different. Instead of gear there are wedges. Perhaps these are for launching from a moving vehicle or dolly. If launching from a moving vehicle, driver must be very cool headed. Image
8. The fuselage is a simple, thin plastic pipe (orange is a curious colour choice). Diameter appears to be about 150 mm (6 inches). The remains of the right wing is pushed under the fuselage, confusing matters. Image
9. Wing construction is very interesting. Spars are two aluminum tubes, along with some wooden stringers. Foam inserts maintain the shape of the leading edge of the wing. A neat detail is that the trailing edges of wing ribs function as the hinges for the ailerons. Image
10. Wings contain wooden ribs and are covered with heat-shrink plastic film like that used to winterize boats. This film will provide a lot of the wing's strength. Also visible is a pitot for airspeed and another sensor (maybe digital part of pitot). Image
11. Overall, this aircraft is a simple but effective old-school design. It is obviously meant to be cheap and easy to make in quantity. Navigation is still a mystery but there may be a camera & antennas but it is hard to be certain. Image
12. Given that a number of these drones have spotted, one can speculate on what Ukraine is using them for, e.g., targeting air defense or oil storage. If you enjoyed this thread, please consider reposting as a quote: your comments are appreciated.
13. (ps) One question is, what brought this drone down? There is plenty of fuel, the engine was running and there are no signs of bullet holes. However, there are plenty of power lines and utility poles. Possibly, the right wing hit a pole or wire. Image
14. (ps) Here is another look at the drone after it was captured. This gives a better look at the orange wire. Image
15. (ps) Here is the same photo as the first one in the thread but slightly better quality. Image

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More from @DanielR33187703

Aug 14
1. It is beautiful but is this reconnaissance drone too good to use in a war? The various reconnaissance drones flown in Ukraine are well made and usually expensive. But are they too expensive? Image
2. At the start of the war, Ukraine obtain several Penguin-C military drones made in Latvia by UAV Factory (now called, Edge Autonomy). Image
3. This aircraft is fairly small but has a number of fancy design elements. The wing and tail are removed for transport. The red triangles show where the fasteners go. Image
Read 26 tweets
Aug 8
1. Here is something a little unusual. It is a Zlin Z137T agricultural aircraft (crop duster) equipped with two R-73 air-to-air missiles for shooting down drones. There is no obvious gun so this is likely only for large drones like the Geran-2 (Shahed 136). Image
2. For reference, here is a Z137T in its tradition role of applying chemicals to a crop. A maximum cruise speed of 252 km/h will be a constraint as a drone hunter. Image
3. The R-73 missile uses infrared homing and has a maximum range of about 30 km. It is not clear how many of these are in inventory. Image
Read 5 tweets
Jun 20
1. What would have been unthinkable a few years ago is now routine. Several Ukrainian drones successfully attacked a russian drone factory located in Dubna, only 115 km from the kremlin. This is a smart move by Ukraine, and there may be more to this attack than at first seems. Image
2. Importantly, one video showed several drones attacking, one after the other. Oddly, there was remarkably little air defence heard as each drone approached over a lake. What happened to russia’s air defence? Image
3. This shows the factory with the lake on the left (west) side. This building is very large. The camera operator (for #1) was quite close and was almost hit by shrapnel. Image
Read 24 tweets
Apr 23
1. Developing a new weapon is hard so why not just copy another company’s design? Fibre optic drones are a hot product and part 4 of this series looked at a company (Skywalker) who developed their own. Other companies have rushed to make similar weapons. Image
2. Here are two fibre optics kits made by the Chinese company, Skywalker. Opening the boxes is the likely owner of PGI Technology, which operates in China but is effectively russian. Initially, this photo was confusing. Was Skywalker collaborating with PGI Technology? Nope. Image
3. PGI bought these two Skywalker kits with the goal of copying the technology and selling their own version. The following photos are very unusual since they show the design process. Here is the Skywalker canister with a large drone frame. Image
Read 25 tweets
Apr 4
1. Need to ship weapons? The previous thread in this series showed a small russian company, PGI Technology, making electronic warfare systems in China. But how do they ship these systems & other equipment to russia? Image
2. PGI Technology showed this photo of equipment being prepared to ship from China to russia. The packing tape has a company name & phone number on it. Note the Wallace restaurant and #24 bus across the street. Image
3.PGI also showed a video of this heater but it is the background that is interesting. Visible is the company name (3188 Kapro) and a phone number. There are also signs on the steps written in russian. Image
Read 14 tweets
Mar 21
1. This is a look at a small russian company that operates in China and exports military equipment to russia. One interesting aspect is this company manufactures some equipment, including electronic warfare kit, and places its logo on the products. Image
2. It currently calls itself “PGI Technology” but there are also references to “Dongguan PGI Technology”. Its location is murky but a now-defunct website gave an address in Tangxia Town in Dongguan. Image
3. This is a very small company likely run by the single person shown here. He is easily identified by a distinctive tattoo on his left arm. Oddly, his face is obscured in some videos but not in others. Here he is testing a drone jammer. Image
Read 18 tweets

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