Exercise is known to be good for us, but how much exercise and is there something like too much exercise?
Exercise is often seen to have a J-shaped curve with mortality risk - not enough is bad but too much is also harmful (PMID: 26187713)
How much is optimal then?⬇️⬇️
The guidelines recommend adults get 150-300 min/week of moderate exercise or 75-150 min/week of vigorous exercise
Meeting that vs not is linked to a 36% lower odds of being overweight and 48% lower odds of being obese (PMID: 37773071)
However, exercising more than that is linked to a reduced risk of mortality
A 2022 study saw the lowest risk of mortality at 150-300 min/week of leisurely vigorous physical activity, 300-600 min/week of leisurely moderate physical activity, or a combination of both (PMID: 35876019)
Boron is the superhero mineral you're not getting enough of:
- helps bone mineralization
- improves vitamin D
- improves testosterone/estrogen status
- increases antioxidant defense
- reduces inflammation
- reduces calcium/magnesium loss
Boron is a trace element that is found in nature bound to oxygen and sodium
Boron is found in many foods, especially plants, as it's a structural component of plant cell walls, providing cell wall rigidity.
More than 90% of boron consumed is absorbed and distributed as boric acid
Boric acid forms ester complexes with many important sugars in energy production, such as ribose, and stabilizes them, helping to produce energy and combat fatigue (PMID: 24352855)
Green tea is one of the healthiest beverages in the world
- improves cardiovascular disease risk factors
- improves heart health
- improves metabolic health markers
- targets all hallmarks of aging
- reduces visceral fat
- is associated with lower mortality
Full thread on green tea benefits⬇️⬇️
Graph from: DOI:10.20944/preprints202309.0582.v1
Green tea contains many bioactive compounds that target all the hallmarks of aging:
- genomic instability
- telomere attrition
- epigenetic alterations
- loss of proteostasis
- impaired autophagy
- deregulated nutrient sensing
- mitochondrial dysfunction
- cellular senescence
- stem cell exhaustion
- altered intracellular communication
- chronic inflammation
- gut dysbiosis
Most of these effects are mediated by EGCG and other polyphenolic compounds in green tea
Graph: DOI: 10.14336/AD.2025.0398
A 2023 meta-analysis of 55 randomized controlled trials saw that green tea supplementation:
- lowers total cholesterol
- lowers LDL cholesterol
- raises HDL cholesterol
- lowers fasting blood sugar
- lowers HbA1c, a marker of long-term glucose levels
- lowers blood pressure