1) Shudras originated from the feet of Lord as per as per Rig Veda 10.90.12
This argument is common in Anti-Hindu circles that Shudras born from Lord's fee. It means shudras were impure.
But nothing bad in that verse as per the same Suktam Rig Veda 10.90.14 it says:-
“From his navel came the firmament, from his head the heaven was produced, the earth from his feet, the quarters of space from his ear, so they constituted the world.”
Earth is also originated from its feet, Is Earth also impure then ?
As per Padma Purana, Vedas reside on the feet of Lord Varaha(incarnation of Vishnu). So The vedas are also impure then ?
Ganga's origin Was from Vishnu's feet.
Vishnu Purana 2.8:- Having her source in the nail of the great toe of Vishńu's left foot.
2. Is Hinduism against lower-castes ? Let's see
It is through deep love that the Chandala makes me his own, while without it the Brahmin is nothing to me. (Garuda Purāṇa 1.231.9)
"O King of Videha! the Dvijas, who possess the knowledge of Vedas & Śāstras, call Śūdra as Prajāpati. But O King, I see him as Viṣṇu, the chief Lord of the world."
Mahabharatha 12-296-28 in Gita press edition.
Shiva Purana 5.2.35-36
"O Kṛṣṇa, a cāṇḍāla woman Sauminī performed the worship by ignorance and attained the goal of Śiva by the blessings of the lord.
A hunter Mahākāla, a wild Kirāta habitually injuring others, worshipped Śiva with devotion and attained the goal+
of the good."
Even a Cāṇḍāla who wears Rudrākṣa over his body and the Tripuṇḍra on his forehead, is worthy of respect. He is the most excellent of all castes. —Shiva Purana 1.24.62
श्वपाकामिव निक्षेत लोके विप्रमवैष्णवम् ।
वैष्णवो वर्णबाहयोऽपि पुनाति भुवनत्रयम् ।।
One should not even look at a non-devotee Vipra. But if an avarna is a Vaishnava, one purifies the three Lokas.
—Padma Puraana (Quoted by Shri Madhvacharya, in Krshnaamrta Mahaarnava, Shloka 267)
Manu states a Brahmin should provide maintenance for Shudra out of his own family.
Medhatithi comments that the Shudra should be treated like own son by a Brahmin, and his entire family must be taken care of by the Brahmin as well.
Manusmriti says no one insult anyone because of his birth status
Whether he is a Brāhmaṇa, a Ksatriya, a Vaisya, a Śūdra or Anyone else, One endowed with devotion to Vişnu, should be known as the most excellent one among all.~ skanda purana [1.21.63]
A devotee of Vishnu, whether he be a Nishada, or a Chandala, is equal to a Brahmana in Respect Of Purity.
~Garuda MahaPuran, Achara Kanda, 232
"A Bramhana who is expert in studying all four Vedas is not dear to Me. But a devotee who comes from a family of Chandalas is dear to Me. He should be offered gifts and one should accept gifts from him. He is as worshipable as I am."(Hari-Bhakta-Vilasa 10.127)
The faithful should receive auspicious knowledge even from a Śūdra, and knowledge of Para-Dharma even from a Cāṇḍāla - Manusmriti 2.238
"The humble sages, by virtue of true knowledge, see with equal vision a learned and gentle brāhmaṇa, a cow, an elephant, a dog and a dog-eater [outcaste]."
Bhagvad Gita. 5.18
In the world one should not look at a brāhmaṇa who is not a devotee of Viṣṇu as (one does not look at) a candala. Viṣṇu's devotee, even if he is outside the castes, purifies the three worlds. [Padma Purana Uttara Khanda Chapter 224 Verse 53.]
Chaitanya Bhagavata 2.1.197
“চণ্ডাল ‘চণ্ডাল’ নহে—যদি ‘কৃষ্ণ’ বলে বিপ্র ‘বিপ্র’ নহে,—যদি অসত্পথে চলে” ॥ ১৯৭ ॥
“A caṇḍāla is not a caṇḍāla if he chants the name of Kṛṣṇa, and a brāhmaṇa is not a brāhmaṇa if he engages in sinful activities.”
Chaitanya Bhāgavata 2.10.102:-
A sinful person who considers that Vaiṣṇavas belong to a particular caste suffers in the lowest species of life, birth after birth.
Even mlecchas who were addicted to sinful activities can be purified by taking shelter of the devotees of Śrī Hari.
bhakti performed with exclusive fixity upon Me purifies even the outcaste dog-eaters,
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it is entirely wrong to say that the Vedic Aryans were nomads or, granting a concession, living in small hamlets, but had no urban component. Perhaps we may begin with references to pur in the Rigveda.
As Macdonell and Keith (1912, reprint 1982, Vol. I: 538) rightly pointed out, this word connotes “ ‘rampart’, ‘fort’ or ‘stronghold’.” And here we quote a few of the relevant verses,
The former presence of an Aryan-speaking elite layer among the Finno-Ugric speaking peoples of the Oka–Volga–Kama region is clearly visible in the ethnonyms of these peoples. The name Mari goes back to Proto-Aryan *márya- ‘man’, literally ‘mortal, one who has to die’.
It is quite possible that this ethnic name is of Bronze Age origin, for marya- is used in Mitanni Aryan of Syria (c.1500–1300 BC) for the nobility with horse chariots. The name Mordvin seems to go back to early Proto-Aryan mórto- ‘mortal, man’.
Understanding the concept of Sun god in Ancient Indian culture & it's importance, [Part-2]
this thread is dedicated to two other aspects Mitra & Pusan
The Sun-god, in his friendly aspect is called Mitra. As the deity is closely associated with Varuṇa, only a single hymn of the Ṛgvedasaṃhitā is devoted to the deity.(RV 3.59)
He is mentioned as the friend of the people in the Vedic mythology:
mitrasya priyatamasya nriṇām/
He is worshipped in the Vedas to bring men together:
janaṃ ca mitro yatati bruvāṇaḥ/
(ṚV 7.36.2; & 3.59.5)
Was it really that Rama slains Shambuka just because he tried to achieve Heavenly realms with his mortal body??
Or just because he was a Shudra, who performed asceticism in Treta Yuga, which was not allowed for them?
I find Narada's discourse on this matter, VR 7.74
And another thing is to be noted here it is said in a birth based varna,
See it👇it clearly mentioned Shudra birth
And it was for this reason Narad informed Rama there must have any Shudra who performed extreme penance in your kingdom.
Understanding the concept of Sun god in Ancient Indian culture & it's importance,
In this thread two aspects "Sūrya" & "Savitṛ" analysed in detail.
With the rising and setting, the Sun creates the day and night. Being the creator of the day and night, it provides heat and light towards the whole universe and gives food and vegetation to all the creatures.
Different aspects and positions of the Sun have given rise to independent Sun-gods in the Vedic literature and thus a group of solar divinities is formed.