"What about the Italians?" is a mic-drop line in most debates over immigrant assimilation.
But to a social scientist, there are no mic-drop lines, just chances to have Claude Code ask the General Social Survey about Scandinavian-American and Italian-American criminality:🧵
These are self-reports of whether a person has ever been arrested, convicted, or either in jail or prison. Ancestry is self-reported as well.
Arrest question asked many times.
"Scandinavians" includes Norwegians, Swedes, and Danes. [Finns are Nordic but not Scandinavian.]
In the early 20C literature-- as with the 2010-era debate over Mexican-American crime-- age was alleged to be the only difference between Scandinavians and Italians, hiding their true equality, and artificially boosting Italian criminality.
The paper does not show foreigners commit crimes at the same rate as Germans
Instead, it claims to explain why foreigners commit crimes at higher rates than Germans.
So the title is the opposite of the truth.
Academics, please point out this error candidly, openly.
I hope @tylercowen & @ATabarrok will note the misinterpretation of multivariate regression in this paper.
And @mattyglesias could help the cause of improved empirical debates by pointing the difference between claiming something is false versus explaining why it's true.
This Reuters post about the study gets at part of the issue, what economists call overcontrol bias, what I've called an Everest Regression:
"Controlling for barometric pressue, Everest is the same altitude as Death Valley."
In Ek's excellent new @JPolEcon piece on migrants to Sweden, he reports a "significant dispersion in human capital across countries [of origin] with a 90/10 percentile ratio of 3.2."
So, which are at the 90th percentile?
The ethics review board wouldn't let him tell us.
🧵:
The screenshot above is from his ReadMe file here, part of a ZIP that includes all of the replication data.
These words should be enough to find the files via a Google search:
"Replication Data for: Cultural Values and Productivity"
You can see the replication folder includes the cross-country data in an Excel file-- with countries listed by number, not name.
"FodelseLandnamn" translates to "Birth country name," so that might have been the one column Ek was required to change by the Lund ethics board.