Ben Southwood Profile picture
Jun 23 7 tweets 3 min read Read on X
Coming from a country with a strong communitarian ethos based on solidarity, safety, equality, and minimising risk of harm or upset, the UK, it’s interesting to visit one with a national character more based around freedom, independence, and progress at any cost, France. 🧵
The UK has very low speed limits — the top one is only around 110kmh, and these are enforced aggressively with radars and cameras to make sure few die on roads. By contrast the top French speed limit is about 82mph, and it is rarely enforced. The priority is on speedy movement.
Image
Image
You actually reach these speeds because motorways are tolled. I spent €60 on tolls today; in exchange I put the cruise control on at 130kph for hours at a time. French attitude to paying for good things is relaxed. In egalitarian UK, the public prefers equal traffic for all.
Image
Image
This extends to infra like tunnels. I went about 10km underneath Paris today, part of the A86 (one of Paris’s three ring roads) — for which I paid €9, reflecting the more ruggedly individualistic, swashbuckling attitude the French have. No traffic. Wish we had same in London!
Image
Image
This is also reflected in attitude to risk vs progress. In the UK we shy away from things considered ‘risky’ like nuclear power, preferring higher electricity prices and lower energy consumption. France is a ‘more more more’ country, willing to take disruptive risks.
Image
Image
The same attitude is clear with growth. The UK has a strong view to protect its countryside and prevent industrial and residential growth. London has grown around 2% in extent since 1938. Paris has tripled. This is visible everywhere. Image
As an Englishman, I am obviously biased and have a soft spot for our conservatism and social solidarity, but my trip makes me wonder whether we could learn from the French and their individualistic, libertarian national ethos, and by being slightly more relaxed about risk.

• • •

Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to force a refresh
 

Keep Current with Ben Southwood

Ben Southwood Profile picture

Stay in touch and get notified when new unrolls are available from this author!

Read all threads

This Thread may be Removed Anytime!

PDF

Twitter may remove this content at anytime! Save it as PDF for later use!

Try unrolling a thread yourself!

how to unroll video
  1. Follow @ThreadReaderApp to mention us!

  2. From a Twitter thread mention us with a keyword "unroll"
@threadreaderapp unroll

Practice here first or read more on our help page!

More from @bswud

Jun 3
In the 2000s we discovered an amazing tool to literally bring inventions from the far future forward to the present, or near future. Despite its huge power we have barely used it since. So Works in Progress has produced a practical easy-to-follow guide that anyone could copy. 🧵 Image
In 2007, Gavi, funded by the UK govt and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, promised Big Pharma that if they invented a vaccine for pneuomococcal disease they would buy it. By 2011, GSK and Pfizer had met their specifications. So far this vaccine has saved 700,000 lives. Image
This mechanism to buy inventions from the future is called an 'advance market commitment'. Basically, you say you'll buy something if companies or scientists can invent it and produce enough for you. It's part of a broad range of 'market-shaping mechanisms' Image
Read 10 tweets
May 18
In the 1960s and 1970s the UK was pumping huge demand subsidies into the housing market, but rationing mortgages. Houses got smaller every year. By 1980, private homes were smaller than council houses. And they got worse: fewer had washing machines or fridges. How? 🧵 Image
A standard pair of semi-detached houses in the 1960s (L), and their equivalent from the 1930s (R). Across Europe, homes were getting bigger and more modern. But in Britain, they were getting worse, despite rapidly rising incomes and huge demand subsidies.
Image
Image
These demand subsidies were generous. Taxes were very high – the top income tax rate was over 90% from the late 1940s to 1979 – but you could deduct your mortgage from your income, even though you weren't taxed on imputed rent. Top taxpayers actually got paid to buy more house. Image
Read 12 tweets
May 17
The master sculptors of history did not chip away at a block of stone to get at the statue inside. Instead, they made plaster models (right), which unnamed skilled craftsmen turned into statues with precise pointing machines (left). Ornament has *always* been industrialised. Image
Canova, Thorvaldsen, and Rodin all worked this way. They produced moulds, which were turned by others into statues and sculptures. This type of art was always meant to be mass produced. Image
Romans did this too. Ornament might have been relatively cheap, but high transport costs before the 1700s, and slow speeds, meant no economies of scale. Image
Read 6 tweets
Feb 21
Between 2005 and 2010, Israel gave apartment owners the right to agree by supermajority to demolish their rickety pre-1980 building and replace it with a bigger, better, newer one. Here is a thread of five before and afters one architect there sent me. 🧵 Image
Every single one of these is the same building, and where possible I tried to get an identical perspective. That wasn't always perfectly achievable: there were loads of 'after' images, but not always lots of 'befores'. Image
Image
Read 8 tweets
Feb 21
Very little in history has been more difficult than land reform – who owns agricultural land, or what can be done with modern residential land – zoning or planning reform.

But Pyotr Stolypin squared the circle in Imperial Russia. 🧵
First, the context. Imperial Russia in 1905 was a vast, sprawling almost-feudal state. It had grown dramatically over the past 400 years. Image
This system allowed them to field enormous armies, which were often sufficient to win wars on pure scale. Image
Read 33 tweets
Nov 21, 2023
An incredible 2001 paper re-analysed every then-available dataset on historical European homicide rates. This turned up an amazing trove of estimates.

Firstly, England. Note that it's a log scale – 1300s England was a war zone! Image
These estimates come from a range of sources. Local court data, combined with separate population estimates. One particularly good series following Kent for a long time. And then, from the 1800s, official data. Image
England is in some sense the canonical story because we have the best data and the clearest overall path: something like a steady decline from the 1500s to around 1950, when crime started increasing.
Read 13 tweets

Did Thread Reader help you today?

Support us! We are indie developers!


This site is made by just two indie developers on a laptop doing marketing, support and development! Read more about the story.

Become a Premium Member ($3/month or $30/year) and get exclusive features!

Become Premium

Don't want to be a Premium member but still want to support us?

Make a small donation by buying us coffee ($5) or help with server cost ($10)

Donate via Paypal

Or Donate anonymously using crypto!

Ethereum

0xfe58350B80634f60Fa6Dc149a72b4DFbc17D341E copy

Bitcoin

3ATGMxNzCUFzxpMCHL5sWSt4DVtS8UqXpi copy

Thank you for your support!

Follow Us!

:(